Movimientos de roedores intra - e inter - ambiente y riesgo de exposición al Hantavirus “Andes” en Patagonia norte, Argentina

Monteverde, Martín J. Dirección de Ecosistemas Terrestres, Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Neuquén, Junín de los Andes, Neuquén, Argentina.Hodara, Karina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento Métodos Cuantitativos y Sistemas de Información. Buenos Aires, Argentina.279-289Se estudiaron algunos aspectos de la ecología espacial de tres especies de roedores sigmodontinos (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, Abrothrix olivacea y Abrothrix hirta) en el Paraje El Contra del Parque Nacional Lanín (Provincia de Neuquén, Argentina). Los resultados se analizaron en el marco del riesgo de exposición humana al Hantavirus "Andes", agente causal del Síndrome Pulmonar por Hantavirus. El trabajo se realizó en dos tipos de ambiente: silvestre y doméstico. Los roedores fueron capturados mensualmente con la metodología de captura - marcado - recaptura. De esta manera se estimaron y compararon los movimientos dentro y entre ambos ambientes y los tamaños de áreas de acción. Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, principal reservorio del Hantavirus "Andes" en Patagonia, presentó el mayor número de capturas en ambos ambientes y más de lo esperado por azar dentro de los ambientes domésticos. Además, mostró las áreas de acción con menor tamaño promedio y movimientos intra-ambiente estadísticamente significativos. Los ambientes domésticos rurales resultaron ser potencialmente los más riesgosos en términos de exposición y transmisión de Hantavirus a humanos. Como resultado de las capturas y movimientos dispersivos de O. longicaudatus, se discuten otras contribuciones de este trabajo a la salud humana

Disability perceived by primary care patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo. Little is known on how posterior canal BPPV affects health-related quality of life in patients diagnosed and treated at primary care facilities or on whether patients with subjective and objective disease perceive the effects differently. This study was designed to describe how patients diagnosed with posterior canal BPPV in primary care perceive disability. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study performed at two urban primary care centers. Participants were patients aged 18 years or older with suspected posterior canal BPPV recruited for baseline evaluation in a clinical trial on the effectiveness of the Epley maneuver in primary care. The recruitment period was from November 2012 to January 2015. Perceived disability was evaluated using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory - Screening version (DHI-S). Other variables collected were age and sex, a history or diagnosis of anxiety or depression, treatment with antidepressants and/or anxiolytics, and results of the Dix-Hallpike (DH) test, which was considered positive when it triggered vertigo with or without nystagmus and negative when it triggered neither. Results: The DH test was positive in 134 patients, 40.30% of whom had objective BPPV (vertigo with nystagmus). The median age of the patients was 52 years (interquartile range [IQR], 39.00-68.50 years) and 76.1% were women. The median total score on the DHI-S was 16 out of 40 (IQR, 8.00-22.00). Scores were higher (greater perceived disability) in women (p < 0.001) and patients with subjective BPPV (vertigo without nystagmus) (p = 0.033). The items perceived as causing the greatest disability were feeling depressed (67.1%) and worsening of the condition on turning over in bed (88%). Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with posterior canal BPPV in primary care perceive their condition as a disability according to DHI-S scores, with higher levels of disability reported by women and patients with subjective BPPV. Feelings of depression and turning over in bed were associated with the greatest perceived difficulties. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01969513. Retrospectively registered. First Posted: October 25, 2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT0196951