Mean-field limit and Semiclassical Expansion of a Quantum Particle System

We consider a quantum system constituted by $N$ identical particles interacting by means of a mean-field Hamiltonian. It is well known that, in the limit $N\to\infty$, the one-particle state obeys to the Hartree equation. Moreover, propagation of chaos holds. In this paper, we take care of the $\hbar$ dependence by considering the semiclassical expansion of the $N$-particle system. We prove that each term of the expansion agrees, in the limit $N\to\infty$, with the corresponding one associated with the Hartree equation. We work in the classical phase space by using the Wigner formalism, which seems to be the most appropriate for the present problem.Comment: 44 pages, no figure

A Kac model for kinetic annihilation

In this paper we consider the stochastic dynamics of a finite system of particles in a finite volume (Kac-like particle system) which annihilate with probability $\alpha \in (0,1)$ or collide elastically with probability $1-\alpha$. We first establish the well-posedness of the particle system which exhibits no conserved quantities. We rigorously prove that, in some thermodynamic limit, a suitable hierarchy of kinetic equations is recovered for which tensorized solution to the homogenous Boltzmann with annihilation is a solution. For bounded collision kernels, this shows in particular that propagation of chaos holds true. Furthermore, we make conjectures about the limit behaviour of the particle system when hard-sphere interactions are taken into account.Comment: 40 page

Derivation of the Fick's Law for the Lorentz Model in a low density regime

We consider the Lorentz model in a slab with two mass reservoirs at the boundaries. We show that, in a low density regime, there exists a unique stationary solution for the microscopic dynamics which converges to the stationary solution of the heat equation, namely to the linear profile of the density. In the same regime the macroscopic current in the stationary state is given by the Fick's law, with the diffusion coefficient determined by the Green-Kubo formula.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figure

Battery certification for space prototype applications

El experimento Night Vision, realizado en la misión STS-134 del transbordador Endeavour, consistió en la exposición a las condiciones espaciales de microalgas con organelos celulares similares a la retina humana. Para el experimento, se construyó un instrumento capaz de mantener en vida el material biológico y dotado de una alimentación autónoma utilizando baterías no recargables. La seguridad de la tripulación y la nave es vital en los vuelos espaciales, por lo que los experimentos que utilizan baterías deben ser certificados a través de una serie de pruebas técnicas exigidas por la NASA. Este artículo presenta el proceso de certificación de baterías para permitir su uso en el vuelo espacial: se describen las protecciones eléctricas implementadas en el circuito, las pruebas eléctricas, de vacío y de vibraciones, y finalmente se ilustran los resultados de dichas pruebas que permitieron la utilización del instrumento en el espacio. Palabras clave: Misión STS 134, Transbordador espacial Endeavour, DAMA, Baterías, Vuelo espacial, Pruebas de vacío, Pruebas de vibración.ABSTRACTNight Vision experiment, on Endeavour’s STS-134 mission, consisted on exposing micro-algae, with cellular organelles similar to human retina, to space conditions. The experiment required the development of a nonrechargeable battery-powered instrument for biological material life support. Crew and ship safety is vital in space flight; thus, the experiment’s use of batteries must be certified through a series of technical tests required by NASA. This article describes the certification process, including: the protection of circuits, and the electrical, vibration and vacuum tests. Finally, test results, that allowed the use of the instrument in space, are shown.Keywords: ShuttleMissionSTS134, Endeavour Shuttle, DAMA, Batteries, Spaceflight, Vacuum test, Vibratio

Visualization of highly graded oxygen vacancy profiles in lead-zirconate-titanate by spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy

The ultraviolet and visible cathodoluminescence (CL) emitted at room temperature from bulk hard lead-zirconate-titanate polycrystalline perovskite has been systematically collected before and after an annealing cycle conducted in a reducing atmosphere. Spectroscopic assessments have been made of the in-depth stoichiometric profile developed upon annealing from the sample surface toward the subsurface. Trapping of electronic charge and local atomic scale distortions in the perovskite oxygen octahedron influences the variation observed in visible CL emission, while lattice distortions upon annealing directly arise from the formation of oxygen vacancies

Particle Detectors R&D: Dual-Readout Calorimetry for Future Colliders and MicroMegas Chambers for the ATLAS New Small Wheel Upgrade

The thesis presents selected topics on the development of particle detectors for present and future experiments in high energy physics. It is crafted on the work carried out in the three-years period, from October 2017 to October 2020, spent as a student of the XXXIII PhD Cycle in Physics of the University of Pavia and associate member of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). The first part concerns my activity as a member of the INFN RD_FCC Collaboration for the study of physics at future circular colliders. It is dedicated to calorimeter design, both software and hardware oriented, for applications at future electron-positron circular colliders. The substantial contribution that the dual-readout calorimetry method would bring to the precision physics program envisaged has been demonstrated. Through a detailed and original work of full-simulation of the IDEA Detector calorimeter, it was shown that a dual-readout fiber calorimeter can satisfy the most stringent requirements on hadronic calorimetry, by exploiting calibration and reconstruction approaches that are unique among future detectors. Several results, such as the discrimination of the W/Z bosons by reconstructing the invariant masses of two-jet final states, were reported for the first time. It is also worth noting the development of a simulation software, based on the Geant4 toolkit, capable of reproducing the expected detector features. This software underlies future studies on the subject. A dual-readout fiber calorimeter operating at future multi-purpose experiments would require a scalable Cherenkov and scintillation light readout system and this set the recent hardware oriented research program. In particular, the use of Silicon PhotoMultipliers for the purpose was pioneered, demonstrating a substantial improvement in the collection of Cherenkov light with respect to previous prototypes, and opening up the possibility of sampling particle showers with an unprecedented granularity. Also in this case, the results obtained are original and chart the activities for next years whose path is drawn in the document. Given their importance and being ahead of the times, these activities contributed to the dawn of the IDEA Experiment. Exploiting the studies performed, the sensitivity of the IDEA Detector, coupled to the CERN future circular electron-positron collider, for Beyond-Standard-Model Axion-Like-Particles (ALPs) search was investigated. ALPs have been considered as produced in the decays of heavy Standard Model resonances and decaying into two photons. The possibility of distinguishing the weak signal with respect to the expected background has been analyzed and the result demonstrated the uniqueness of the experiment compared to the current and future probes. The second part focuses on my work as a member of the ATLAS Experiment at CERN. Together with the ATLAS-Pavia Group, I worked on the construction of MicroMegas chambers for the New Small Wheel (NSW) upgrade, a new detector to be installed in the ATLAS forward muon spectrometer. From 2017 to 2020 all the needed SM1-type MicroMegas chambers have been built in a huge collaboration among Italian Universities and INFN. The readout panels construction and testing at the University of Pavia and INFN Sezione di Pavia was described and the results found to fulfill the ATLAS requirements. In 2019, thanks to the award of an INFN Simil-Fellowship position, I joined the CERN NSW Integration Group and participated to the detector testing phase. Particular attention was given to the detector high-voltage instability problems that severely affected the first phase of the project. The origin of the high-voltage instabilities was understood thanks to a long detector characterization through irradiation at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility. Once an ad hoc solution was found, the monitored detector quality, as reported in the document, substantially improved

Serial killers in the antipodes: The case of Carlo Lucarelli and Paul Cleave

La relazione tra il detective e la città nel giallo contemporaneo è stata ampiamente analizzata. Sono scarsi invece studi critici sul rapporto fra il serial killer e lo spazio urbano. Nel confrontare Almost Blue (1997) e Un giorno dopo l’altro (2000) dello scrittore italiano Carlo Lucarelli e The Cleaner (2006) e Cemetery Lake (2008) dell’autore neozelandese Paul Cleave, questo articolo mira a dimostrare che nella crime fiction contemporanea la figura dell’assassino seriale arriva a spodestare l’investigatore della sua tradizionale funzione epistemologica, conferendo un nuovo senso allo spazio urbano, configurandosi così come un nuovo, postmoderno flâneur

米の栄養価のラマン分子フィンガープリント

京都大学新制・論文博士博士(農学)乙第13520号論農博第2908号新制||農||1096(附属図書館)学位論文||R4||N5420(農学部図書室)京都府立医科大学(主査)教授 中﨑 鉄也, 教授 土井 元章, 教授 及川 彰, 准教授 田中 朋之学位規則第4条第2項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDGA