When “perverts” were religious: the Protestant sexualisation of asceticism in nineteenth-century Britain, India and Ireland

Anti-Catholic polemics from the mid-nineteenth century made frequent comparison between religious practices in Britain, Ireland and India. The supposed atrocities taking place at locations such as Lough Dearg in Country Donegal and at ‘Juggernaut’ (Jagganath) at Puri were denounced in terms which hinted strongly at a striking combination of extreme asceticism and perverse sexual enjoyment. In the same period the word ‘perversion’, which had hitherto referred to apostasy, started to develop connotations of sexual deviance. Protestant sexualised readings of Catholic and Hindu asceticism appear to have been an important site for the development of conceptions of deviant sexuality in general and masochism in particular

Domesticating Fears and Fantasies of ‘the East’: integrating the Ottoman legacy within European heritage

'Europe' has no fixed geographical, historical, religious or cultural boundaries. Claims for the existence of European civilization as a discrete construct are continually made yet dissolve on close scrutiny. Here, we examine these claims at one of the grandest points of existential crisis and belonging for Europe, the relationship with the 'Other within': Turkey, the Balkans and Ottoman heritage in Europe. Through a hybrid semiotic and Foucauldian analysis of catalogues of eight high-profile exhibitions in the United Kingdom, Turkey, Belgium and Portugal we argue that an unsettled discursive struggle is at play, in which one 'Europe' articulates 'reconciliation' of profound civilizational difference while another, Ottoman, 'Europe' stakes a claim of right as an intrinsic component of what it means to be European in a contemporary context. We attempt to trace the role of museum marketing in the perennial accommodation/exclusion of the Ottoman Empire as an intrinsic component in the diversity of Europe’s cultural heritage

National Finitude and the Paranoid Style of the One

This article inquires into the clinical figure of paranoia and its constitutive role in the articulation of the nation-state discourse in Europe, uncovering a central tension between a principle of integrity and a dualist spatial configuration. A conceptual distinction between ‘border’ (finis) and ‘frontier’ (limes) will help to expose the political effects of such a tension, unveiling the way in which a solid and striated organisation of space has been mobilised in the topographic antagonism of the nation, sustaining the phantasm of a self-enclosed, self-sufficient finitude

Orientalism, Balkanism and Europe's Ottoman heritage

‘Orientalism’ has been used as a lens to understand consumption of heritage sites in non-Western contexts. Through the supplementary lens of ‘Balkanism’, we examine a European region with a significant heritage reflecting the c.500 year rule of the Ottoman Empire. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republic of North Macedonia and Albania are selected for study given their concentration of Ottoman heritage sites. We note first that these countries' heritage tourism sectors anticipate and modify interpretation to accommodate ‘Western’ tourists' affectation of ‘surprise’ and ‘delight’ at a ‘remarkable’ crossroads between ‘West/East’ or ‘Christendom/Islam’. To understand why Ottoman heritage is often understood to be in but not of Europe, our analysis draws on scholarship interrogating ‘Europe's’ longstanding discursive erasure of its Ottoman-Islamic-Oriental ‘self’ and Tourism's role in this

Said, bhabha and the colonised subject

Homi K. Bhabha’s introduction to his collected essays, The Location of Culture, opens with an apprehension of the moment he is writing from as one marked by disorientation, with the ‘posts’ of postmodernism, postcolonialism and postfeminism on the one hand and the sense of restless movements, a moving back and forth, ‘here and there’, that has unhooked contemporary critical theory from fixed and primary organisational categories, and has produced constellations of ways of being that acknowledge “race, gender, generation, institutional location, geopolitical locale, sexual orientation”.1 The central proposition established in this opening is the argument that it is “theoretically innovative, and politically crucial, … to think beyond narratives of originary and initial subjectivities and to focus on those moments or processes that are produced in the articulation of cultural difference

Gothic Revival Architecture Before Horace Walpole's Strawberry Hill

The Gothic Revival is generally considered to have begun in eighteenth-century Britain with the construction of Horace Walpole’s villa, Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, in the late 1740s. As this chapter demonstrates, however, Strawberry Hill is in no way the first building, domestic or otherwise, to have recreated, even superficially, some aspect of the form and ornamental style of medieval architecture. Earlier architects who, albeit often combining it with Classicism, worked in the Gothic style include Sir Christopher Wren, Nicholas Hawksmoor, William Kent and Batty Langley, aspects of whose works are explored here. While not an exhaustive survey of pre-1750 Gothic Revival design, the examples considered in this chapter reveal how seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Gothic emerged and evolved over the course of different architects’ careers, and how, by the time that Walpole came to create his own Gothic ‘castle’, there was already in existence in Britain a sustained Gothic Revivalist tradition

Les cent visages de Bismark / Yves Grosrichard

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La fiction déjouée. La part du jeu dans l écriture fictionnelle (1687-1781)

Cette étude porte sur les procédés narratifs et les dispositifs rhétoriques auxquels certains romanciers du XVIIIe siècle ont recours pour jouer avec les attentes de leurs lecteurs. En effet, ces auteurs ne cessent de revendiquer la véridicité de leurs textes et pourtant, simultanément, utilisent deux stratégies visant à forcer le lecteur à se distancer de ce qui lui est raconté: d une part ils mettent en scène un arsenal de lieux communs si connus que le lecteur reconnaît ceux-ci comme des signaux de fictionnalité; d autre part ils multiplient les indices empêchant de croire à la réalité des récits qu ils relatent. Cette étude en tire un certain nombre de conséquences et propose quelques hypothèses théoriques pour rendre compte de cette poétique paradoxale du jeu. Elle en examine également les effets et les implications principalement rapportés à la figure du lecteur et interroge la notion, à première vue contradictoire, de vérité de la fiction .This dissertation analyzes the narrative devices and rhetorical techniques used by eighteenth-century novelists in order to play with the expectations of their readers. These authors present their fictional narratives as true accounts. At the same time, however, they use strategies that force the readers to distance themselves from what they read: on the one hand, these authors present a series of literary topoï, which are so familiar to the readers that they can only be taken as a sign of fictionality; and on the other hand, the authors give a series of clues that prevent the readers from believing what is said. This study examines the consequences of these procedures and offers several theoretical hypotheses in order to understand the paradoxical poetics of play. It questions the effects and the implications of this poetics on the reader and proposes the apparently contradictory concept of fictional truth as a way to think through the various notions of play in eighteenth-century fiction.PARIS4-Bib. électronique (751059905) / SudocSudocFranceF