A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Impact of a Problem-Based Learning Approach to the Teaching of Software Development in Higher Education

First year students on Computing courses at tertiary level find Software Development difficult: learner outcomes are poor, with high failure rates and low learner retention. A number of research studies have shown that novice programmers have low intrinsic motivation and low programming self-efficacy. One of the other possible explanations for the difficulties many learners have with Software Development is that it may be a Threshold Concept in Computing. The literature suggests that Problem-Based Learning (PBL) can improve the teaching of difficult concepts, and it has been promoted by professional and funding bodies as a teaching strategy that can improve learner outcomes and bring about positive changes in learner behaviour. The main aim of this research study was to establish the impact on learner outcomes and behaviour of a Hybrid PBL approach used in the teaching of an introductory Software Development module at an Irish tertiary level institution. Learners on the Software Development module are characterised by low prior attainment in State college entry examinations, and the majority are from low income socio-economic backgrounds. Learner outcomes and behaviours were investigated over four cohorts of learners using a large range of data sources. A randomised controlled experimental design was used to measure changes in attainment, programming self-efficacy, motivation, approaches to study and preferences for types of teaching. Questionnaires, data mining of learner activity and attendance logs were used to provide additional information about learner behaviour, and further analysis was undertaken using qualitative techniques such as classroom observations and interviews. Both qualitative and quantitative measures were used to confirm, cross-validate and corroborate findings. The study made significant discoveries about the strengths and limitations of the Problem-Based Learning approach in the teaching of Software Development to low attainment learners. The implications for instructional practice and for educational theory and research are discussed and a number of recommendations are made

A survey of the condition of the affected upper extremities of hemiplegic patients after discharge from hospital.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston Universit

A qualitative meta-synthesis: public health nurses role in the identification and management of perinatal mental health problems

Aim: To report findings of a systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies exploring public health nurses’ perceptions and experiences of identifying and managing women with perinatal mental health (PMH) problems. Background: Public health nurses play a key role in supporting women who experience PMH problems and several qualitative studies have explored their role. Design: Systematic review and meta-synthesis. Data sources: A comprehensive search was developed and multiple databases were searched from 2000–2015. Review methods: Studies that employed qualitative methods to explore experiences of public health nurses in identifying and managing women with PMH problems were included. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of studies. Themes, concepts and interpretations were extracted and synthesized using the process of thematic analysis. Results: Fifteen papers including 14 unique qualitative studies were included. Two overarching themes were identified: ‘conceptualization and detection of PMH problems’ and ‘barriers and facilitators to management’. The former of these comprised several subthemes including the use of formal screening tools vs. clinical intuition and challenges encountered in detection. The latter theme, barriers to management included availability of referral pathways and time. In terms of facilitators, training, public health nursing interventions, support groups and referral pathways were identified as factors that optimize management. Conclusions: Public health nurses use a variety of methods to identify women with PMH problems. However, several support structures are needed to optimize management including access to appropriate referral pathways, support groups and relationship continuity

A question of degree? An academic future for firearms officers

In this article, we critically consider the issue of graduate training for police officers

While the Czech Republic makes progress in tackling corruption, the rule of law in Russia continues to decline

The rule of law is a fundamental part of any functioning democracy. As Justine Doody writes, issues of political corruption, judicial impartiality and the separation between elites and the legal system have been historic challenges for both the Czech Republic and Russia. Using recent data to compare developments in both countries, she argues that while the Czech Republic has made important progress in tackling corruption, Russia’s legal system is becoming increasingly subject to political influence

Despite their trade row, China and the EU face similar challenges to energy security and conservation.

The recent trade dispute over solar panels shows the fraught relations between China and the EU over energy. Justine Doody writes that the current quarrel could pit the two against each other in a wider struggle. For now, technical rather than political cooperation seems the most both sides can hope for

The Knowledge Life Cycle for e-learning

In this paper, we examine the semantic aspects of e-learning from both pedagogical and technological points of view. We suggest that if semantics are to fulfil their potential in the learning domain then a paradigm shift in perspective is necessary, from information-based content delivery to knowledge-based collaborative learning services. We propose a semantics driven Knowledge Life Cycle that characterises the key phases in managing semantics and knowledge, show how this can be applied to the learning domain and demonstrate the value of semantics via an example of knowledge reuse in learning assessment management

The Underground Man's Confession and His Audience

Paper by Terrence Dood

Opaque Sweetening and Transitivity

I argue that any plausible decision theory for agents with incomplete preferences which obeys the Never Worse Principle will violate Transitivity. The Never Worse Principle says that, if one option never does worse than another, you shouldn’t disprefer it. Transitivity says that, if you prefer X to Y and you prefer Y to Z, then you should prefer X to Z. Violating Transitivity allows one to be money pumped. Although agents with incomplete preferences are already, in virtue of having incomplete preferences, vulnerable to being money pumped, I argue that the money pump argument for Transitivity is more serious than the one for Completeness