Zur Frage des Systems der Verschluss- und Frikativlaute im "Minoischen" nach Ausweis der griechischen Linearschrift B

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A parametrized sorting System for a large set of k-bit elements

In this paper, we describe a parametrized sorting system for a large set of k-bit elements. The structure of the system is independent from the problem size (the number of elements to be sorted) and the type of the sorting set (for example, a set of k-bit numbers, an alphabetical list of k-bit words etc.), as well as from the ordering relation defined on the set of the elements (such as ascending or descending order of k-bit numbers, or a specific order of alphabetical words). The general structure of the underlying parallel network is based on the n- dimensional hypercube. The node circuit construction defines the type of the sorting elements, thus defining the semantics of the system. The structure of the circuit implements the Columnsort algorithm introduced by Leighton in [Lei85]. By changing only one subcircuit of the size O(k) in the node, we can define different ordering relations of the sorted elements. The system is based on specific VLSI chips that were developed in [Gam96] with the CAD system Cadic [Bur95], that has been developed in the project B1 "VLSI design systems and parallelity" under guidance of Prof. G. Hotz. The result is a fast system that sorts the sets of up to 2^28 64-bit numbers. The maximal sorting time is less than 43.6 seconds that is better than some of the fastest software realizations implemented at 32-processor Paragon ([Hard96]), Cray Y-MP ([ZagBlel91]) and MasPar MP-1 ([BrockWan97])

A parametrized sorting System for a large set of k-bit elements

In this paper, we describe a parametrized sorting system for a large set of k-bit elements. The structure of the system is independent from the problem size (the number of elements to be sorted) and the type of the sorting set (for example, a set of k-bit numbers, an alphabetical list of k-bit words etc.), as well as from the ordering relation defined on the set of the elements (such as ascending or descending order of k-bit numbers, or a specific order of alphabetical words). The general structure of the underlying parallel network is based on the n- dimensional hypercube. The node circuit construction defines the type of the sorting elements, thus defining the semantics of the system. The structure of the circuit implements the Columnsort algorithm introduced by Leighton in [Lei85]. By changing only one subcircuit of the size O(k) in the node, we can define different ordering relations of the sorted elements. The system is based on specific VLSI chips that were developed in [Gam96] with the CAD system Cadic [Bur95], that has been developed in the project B1 "VLSI design systems and parallelity" under guidance of Prof. G. Hotz. The result is a fast system that sorts the sets of up to 2^28 64-bit numbers. The maximal sorting time is less than 43.6 seconds that is better than some of the fastest software realizations implemented at 32-processor Paragon ([Hard96]), Cray Y-MP ([ZagBlel91]) and MasPar MP-1 ([BrockWan97])

The global campaign to eliminate HBV and HCV infection: International Viral Hepatitis Elimination Meeting and core indicators for development towards the 2030 elimination goals

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) affect more than 320 million people worldwide, which is more than HIV, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria combined. Elimination of HBV and HCV will, therefore, produce substantial public health and economic benefits and, most importantly, the prevention of 1.2 million deaths per year. In 2016, member states of the World Health Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution declaring that viral hepatitis should be eliminated by 2030. Currently, few countries have elimination programmes in place and even though the tools to achieve elimination are available, the right resources, commitments and allocations are lacking. During the fifth International Viral Hepatitis Elimination Meeting (IVHEM), 7–8 December 2018, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, an expert panel of clinicians, virologists and public health specialists discussed the current status of viral hepatitis elimination programmes across multiple countries, challenges in achieving elimination and the core indicators for monitoring progress, approaches that have failed and successful elimination plans

Hepatitis D double reflex testing of all hepatitis B carriers in low-HBV- and high-HBV/HDV-prevalence countries

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection occurs as a coinfection with hepatitis B and increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, decompensated cirrhosis, and mortality compared to hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfection. Reliable estimates of the prevalence of HDV infection and disease burden are essential to formulate strategies to find coinfected individuals more effectively and efficiently. The global prevalence of HBV infections was estimated to be 262,240,000 in 2021. Only 1,994,000 of the HBV infections were newly diagnosed in 2021, with more than half of the new diagnoses made in China. Our initial estimates indicated a much lower prevalence of HDV antibody (anti-HDV) and HDV RNA positivity than previously reported in published studies. Accurate estimates of HDV prevalence are needed. The most effective method to generate estimates of the prevalence of anti-HDV and HDV RNA positivity and to find undiagnosed individuals at the national level is to implement double reflex testing. This requires anti-HDV testing of all hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals and HDV RNA testing of all anti-HDV-positive individuals. This strategy is manageable for healthcare systems since the number of newly diagnosed HBV cases is low. At the global level, a comprehensive HDV screening strategy would require only 1,994,000 HDV antibody tests and less than 89,000 HDV PCR tests. Double reflex testing is the preferred strategy in countries with a low prevalence of HBV and those with a high prevalence of both HBV and HDV. For example, in the European Union and North America only 35,000 and 22,000 cases, respectively, will require anti-HDV testing annually

ARIA 2016 : Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease.Peer reviewe

ARIA 2016: Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma a

ARIA 2016:Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease

ARIA digital anamorphosis : Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice

Digital anamorphosis is used to define a distorted image of health and care that may be viewed correctly using digital tools and strategies. MASK digital anamorphosis represents the process used by MASK to develop the digital transformation of health and care in rhinitis. It strengthens the ARIA change management strategy in the prevention and management of airway disease. The MASK strategy is based on validated digital tools. Using the MASK digital tool and the CARAT online enhanced clinical framework, solutions for practical steps of digital enhancement of care are proposed.Peer reviewe