Death receptor 5 expression is inversely correlated with prostate cancer progression.

Prostate carcinoma (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in men. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been widely used to predict the outcome of PCa and screening with PSA has resulted in a decline in mortality. However, PSA is not an optimal prognostic tool as its sensitivity may be too low to reduce morbidity and mortality. Consequently, there is a demand for additional robust biomarkers for prostate cancer. Death receptor 5 (DR5) has been implicated in the prognosis of several cancers and it has been previously shown that it is negatively regulated by Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in prostate cancer cell lines. The present study investigated the clinical significance of DR5 expression in a prostate cancer patient cohort and its correlation with YY1 expression. Immunohistochemical analysis of protein expression distribution was performed using tissue microarray constructs from 54 primary PCa and 39 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) specimens. DR5 expression was dramatically reduced as a function of higher tumor grade. By contrast, YY1 expression was elevated in PCa tumors as compared with that in PIN, and was increased with higher tumor grade. DR5 had an inverse correlation with YY1 expression. Bioinformatic analyses corroborated these data. The present findings suggested that DR5 and YY1 expression levels may serve as progression biomarkers for prostate cancer

Glycated Hemoglobin, Fasting Insulin and the Metabolic Syndrome in Males. Cross-Sectional Analyses of the Aragon Workers' Health Study Baseline

Background and Aims Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is currently used to diagnose diabetes mellitus, while insulin has been relegated to research. Both, however, may help understanding the metabolic syndrome and profiling patients. We examined the association of HbA1c and fasting insulin with clustering of metabolic syndrome criteria and insulin resistance as two essential characteristics of the metabolic syndrome. Methods We used baseline data from 3200 non-diabetic male participants in the Aragon Workers' Health Study. We conducted analysis to estimate age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) across tertiles of HbA1c and insulin. Fasting glucose and Homeostatic model assessment - Insulin Resistance were used as reference. Here we report the uppermost-to-lowest tertile ORs (95\% CI). Results Mean age (SD) was 48.5 (8.8) years and 23\% of participants had metabolic syndrome. The ORs for metabolic syndrome criteria tended to be higher across HbA1c than across glucose, except for high blood pressure. Insulin was associated with the criteria more strongly than HbA1c and similarly to Homeostatic model assessment - Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). For metabolic syndrome, the OR of HbA1c was 2.68, of insulin, 11.36, of glucose, 7.03, and of HOMA-IR, 14.40. For the clustering of 2 or more non-glycemic criteria, the OR of HbA1c was 2.10, of insulin, 8.94, of glucose, 1.73, and of HOMA-IR, 7.83. All ORs were statistically significant. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for metabolic syndrome were 0.670 (across HbA1c values) and 0.770 (across insulin values), and, for insulin resistance, 0.647 (HbA1c) and 0.995 (insulin). Among non-metabolic syndrome patients, a small insulin elevation identified risk factor clustering. Conclusions HbA1c and specially insulin levels were associated with metabolic syndrome criteria, their clustering, and insulin resistance. Insulin could provide early information in subjects prone to develop metabolic syndrome.M. Laclaustra was supported in part by grant FIS CP08/00112 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Y. Hurtado-Roca was supported by Scholarship No 088-FINCyT-BDE-2014 from Peruvian government. This study was supported in part by grants PI14/00009, PI12/01087, PI12/01703, PI10/00021 (Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III), co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER 2007-2013), and RETIC RIC RD12/0042/0055 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.S

Targeting γ-secretases protect against angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy

OBJECTIVE: The Notch pathway has been linked to pulmonary hypertension, but its role in systemic hypertension and, in particular in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), remains poorly understood. The main objective of this work was to analyse the effect of inhibiting the Notch pathway on the establishment and maintenance of angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced arterial hypertension and LVH in adult mice with inducible genetic deletion of γ-secretase, and to test preclinically the therapeutic efficacy of γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs). BASIC METHODS: We analysed Ang-II responses in primary cultures of vascular smooth muscle cells obtained from a novel mouse model with inducible genetic deletion of the γ-secretase complex, and the effects of GSI treatment on a mouse cardiac cell line. We also investigated Ang-II-induced hypertension and LVH in our novel mouse strain lacking the γ-secretase complex and in GSI-treated wild-type mice. Moreover, we analysed vascular tissue from hypertensive patients with and without LVH. MAIN RESULTS: Vascular smooth muscle cells activate the Notch pathway in response to Ang-II both 'in vitro' and 'in vivo'. Genetic deletion of γ-secretase in adult mice prevented Ang-II-induced hypertension and LVH without causing major adverse effects. Treatment with GSI reduced Ang-II-induced hypertrophy of a cardiac cell line 'in vitro' and LVH in wild-type mice challenged with Ang-II. We also report elevated expression of the Notch target HES5 in vascular tissue from hypertensive patients with LVH compared with those without LVH. CONCLUSION: The Notch pathway is activated in the vasculature of mice with hypertension and LVH, and its inhibition via inducible genetic γ-secretase deletion protects against both conditions. Preliminary observations in hypertensive patients with LVH support the translational potential of these findings. Moreover, GSI treatment protects wild-type mice from Ang-II-induced LVH without affecting blood pressure. Our results unveil the potential use of GSIs in the treatment of hypertensive patients with LVH.Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract from MINECO [JCI-2011-09663]; MINECO; ProCNIC Foundation; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity (MINECO) [SAF2013-46663-R]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III [RD12/0042/0028, RD12/0042/0009, MS-00151]; Inserm (jeune chercheur accueilli)S

Infección por Citomegalovirus: evolución de la sintomatología y prevención de la enfermedad

Dentro de Latinoamérica más frecuentemente en países como Ecuador, el Estado de México y Chile describen que a las últimas instancias de la infancia y juventud el 90% de los individuos ha tenido al menos una vez el virus. Un estudio en Guayaquil explica el análisis de 38 muestras sanguíneas alegando incidencia del 13% de la infección. El objetivo principal de la investigación es describir la “Infección por Citomegalovirus: evolución de la sintomatología y prevención de la enfermedad” y así aportar con resultados sistemáticos a futuros estudios, concienciando su importancia, influencia y dando cabida a nuevas percepciones para el mejoramiento de estrategias preventivas. La metodología fue un diseño documental narrativo tipo descriptivo basado en base de datos desde el 2015 al 2023 en indexaciones como PubMed, Cinhal, Scopus, Latindex, etc. De acuerdo con los resultados la sintomatología frecuentemente encontrada fue fiebre, hipotonía, supresión de la visión, etc. Con evolución de esta a las posibles complicaciones neurológicas, hepatoesplenomegalia, entre otros son las que más frecuencia tienen en países como Ecuador, Chile, Perú, México. Además, en base a la prevención del Citomegalovirus la mayoría de estas fundamentan en la precaución higiénico-sanitaria e higiénico-educativa, tamizaje de la población, restricción de lactancia materna, cribado, entre otros. En conclusión, estas manifestaciones sintomatológicas y preventivas son más explícitas en países como Ecuador, Chile, Perú, Venezuela, Cuba, mientras que el uso de nuevas medidas se destaca Cuba e Inglaterra debido a que han utilizado inmunoglobulina para la precaución por medio de la inmunización poblacional del virus mencionado. &nbsp

Estudios microscópicos preliminares de pastas cerámicas del primer milenio del piedemoente noroccidental de la sierra de Velasco: Aportes para el conocimiento sobre las prácticas de manufacturas en Uchuquita (Departamento Casto Barros, Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina)

Se presentan los resultados preliminares de análisis microscópicos sobre secciones delgadas de cerámicas provenientes del conjunto residencial doméstico Uchuquita1 y Uchuquita 3, ubicados en el piedemonte de la cuenca de Anillaco, La Rioja (Figura 1). Se trata de locaciones fechadas hacia aproximadamente los 350-470 AD (Sabatini y Salminci 2017), dentro de los primeros momentos de ocupación aldeanadurante el primer milenio en esta región del Noroeste argentino (Raviña y Callegari 1991; Mercado 1993; Cahiza et al. 2017).Fil: Carosio, Sebastián Andrés. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentina. Universidad de San Luis. Departamento de Geología ; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Sabatini Vargas, Gabriela Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: de la Vega, Sergio Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Bustamante, Carlos Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Cahiza, Pablo Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; ArgentinaVII Congreso Nacional de Arqueometría: Materialidad, arqueología y patrimonioTucumánArgentinaCentro de Investigaciones en Ecología HistóricaUniversidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lill

Gestión de la empresa agropecuaria argentina. Registro de información, cálculo de indicadores y necesidades de capacitación

La gestión económica y la toma de decisiones constituyen procesos críticos que pueden definir el funcionamiento y las posibilidades de crecimiento y evolución de la empresa agropecuaria. En nuestro país, son escasos los relevamientos que muestran que información y capacitación tienen los actores del sector agropecuario para llevar adelante estos importantes procesos. Esta publicación brinda información de todas las regiones de Argentina, permite conocer qué uso hacen, tanto el productor como los asesores, de la información económica para la toma de decisiones. Indagando sobre el uso de registros, el cálculo de indicadores económicos y financieros, la consulta de informes y la realización de capacitaciones. La información aportada permite también relevar la frecuencia de cálculo de indicadores económicos y del uso de herramientas de gestión e información, detallando la participación del INTA en la oferta de información y de capacitaciones. Además, se identifican temas de interés para orientar la oferta de futuras capacitaciones relacionadas a la gestión empresarial y a la toma de decisiones sectoriales. Finalmente, se definen 4 grupos de similitud de los encuestados según sus características generales y hábitos de uso de información y de toma de capacitaciones. Estos grupos describen tendencias generales en el uso de la información que permiten orientar las acciones institucionales tanto de difusión general como en capacitaciones específicas.EEA BalcarceFil: Gastaldi, Laura Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela; Argentina.Fil: Urcola, Hernán Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; Argentina.Fil: Villarreal, Patricia Liliana. Instituto Nacional Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Alto Valle; Argentina.Fil: Van Den Bosch, María Eugenia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentina.Fil: Calvi, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes; Argentina.Fil: Pérez, Gonzalo Antonio. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; Argentina.Fil: Capece, María Gabriela. Instituto Nacional Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Chilecito; Argentina.Fil: Cibils, Omar Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cerro Azul; Argentina

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

NEWS AND NOTES 1988, VOL.19, NO.3

https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/news_and_notes_1988/1001/thumbnail.jp

Análisis comparativo de usabilidad de dos plataformas para gestionar la comunicación y estrategia de organizaciones y empresas en redes sociales

El objetivo de esta investigación fue hacer un testeo comparativo de usabilidad y facilidad de trabajo en dos programas: Social Hint y Hoot Suite. Ambos son herramientas diseñadas para asistir empresas, agencias y community managers en la moderación y gestión de las redes sociales. Se buscó comparar entre ambas plataformas a nivel de usabilidad y facilidad en el manejo de los sistemas (a nivel de interfaz, manejo de datos, generación de gráficos y estadísticas). El resultado permitió conocer e identificar fortalezas y debilidades a nivel de la gestión de contenidos y medición en redes sociales a través de esos programas y sus principales características de funcionalidad, a través del uso y testeo de ambos programas a través de escalas de medición de actitudes. Los objetivos de la investigación se cumplieron y se generaron nuevos aportes al área del estudio de las Nuevas Tecnologías y la gestión de las redes sociales