DOENÇA HEMANGIOMATOSA MÚLTIPLA ENVOLVENDO TRATO GASTROINTESTINAL: DESCRIÇÃO DE UM CASO CLÍNICO

Hemangiomas are a type of benign vascular tumor, originated from angiogenesis disorders and prevalent in approximately 4% to 5% of the population. Among the most common complications are: ulcerations and bleeding, in cases of those located in the gastrointestinal tract; impairment of airways and vision; visceral complications; obstruction of the ear canal causing deficit in hearing; or problems in eating or in the emission of sounds due to its presence in the oral cavity. Colon and rectum hemangiomas are a rare cause of lower digestive hemorrhage. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the case of multiple hemangiomatose disease in an inpatient undergoing treatment at the Palmas General Public Hospital (HGPP).Hemangioma é um tipo de tumor vascular benigno, originado a partir de distúrbios na angiogênese e está presente em cerca de 4% a 5% da população. Dentre as complicações mais comuns destacam-se: ulcerações e sangramentos, nos casos de hemangiomas localizados no trato gastrointestinal, comprometimento da via aérea e da visão, complicações viscerais, obstrução do canal auditivo e até déficit na alimentação ou na emissão de sons devido a sua presença na região da cavidade oral. O hemangioma de cólon e reto é uma causa rara de hemorragia digestiva baixa. O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar um caso de doença hemangiomatosa múltipla em uma paciente internada e submetida a tratamento no Hospital Geral Público de Palmas (HGPP)

Stainless steel corrosion in instrumentation pipe

Corrosion, being a destructive process, causes damage in almost all industrial sectors. In this way, it is harmful both from an economic, social and, especially, safety point of view, as it can cause failures in critical equipment and components of an industrial process. At this point, stainless steels are considered the most corrosion resistant metals. The resistance depends on the chemical composition and microstructure, factors that directly influence the passivation of these materials. The resistance is proportionally related to the addition of chromium (Cr) to the mixture, as well as other alloying elements, among which is the molybdenum (Mo), whose main function is to maximize corrosion resistance in the marine atmosphere, as in case of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316 which presents in the chemical composition a percentage of the element Mo. Austenitic stainless steels are applied in instrumentation systems in tubing for reliability in severe atmospheres in accordance with ASTM A269 which establishes the materials applicable to this function. Thus, the present work presents, through a review and case study, Pitting Corrosion of tubings of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316 in the presence of chloride ions (Cl-) coming from the marine atmosphere. The results show that there is no change in the longitudinal and transverse structure for all analyzed tubes, showing a homogeneous austenitic structure, free of intergranular precipitations

MAL DE POTT EM PACIENTE IMUNOSSUPRIMIDO, UM RELATO DE CASO.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The pulmonary form is more frequent, but other body structures may be affected. Pott's Disease is a rare entity and accounts for about 0.5% - 1% of extrapulmonary manifestation, especially in immunosuppressed patients. It occurs through reactivation of sites for the spine and sometimes lower limbs. The symptomatology presents itself through the triad: abscess, paraplegia and gibbosity, associated with the classic clinical picture of pulmonary TB: fever, night sweats and chills. The aim of this study is to demonstrate a case of Pott's disease in a 56-year-old female patient with a history of chemotherapy due to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. After treatment, the patient evolved with symptomatic improvement and good clinical outcome.A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infectocontagiosa, de transmissão aérea causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A forma pulmonar é mais frequente, mas outras estruturas corporais podem ser acometidas. O Mal de Pott (MP) é uma entidade rara e corresponde a cerca de 0,5% - 1% da manifestação extrapulmonar, principalmente em pacientes imunossuprimidos. Ocorre através da reativação de sítios para a coluna e as vezes membros inferiores. A sintomatologia se apresenta através da tríade: abscesso, paraplegia e gibosidade, associado ao quadro clínico clássico da TB pulmonar: febre, sudorese noturna e calafrios. O objetivo deste estudo é demonstrar um caso de Mal de Pott em uma paciente do sexo feminino de 56 anos, com história prévia de quimioterapia devido Linfoma não Hodgkin. Após instituído tratamento paciente evoluiu com melhora sintomática e bom desfecho clínico

MORBIMORTALIDADE POR CÂNCER DE COLO DO ÚTERO EM PALMAS E NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS: UMA ANÁLISE EPIDEMIOLÓGICA DE 2000 A 2014

Objetivo: Descrever e avaliar a tendência da morbimortalidade por câncer de colo do útero em Palmas e no estado do Tocantins durante os anos de 2000-2014. Método: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de série temporal descritivo. Para o cálculo da taxa de mortalidade coletou-se o número de óbitos por câncer de colo do útero em mulheres no estado do Tocantins, de acordo com faixa etária. As informações epidemiológicas acerca da mortalidade por câncer de colo do útero foram coletadas na base de dados DATASUS através do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). O número de casos novos relatados na cidade Palmas utilizados para o cálculo das taxas de incidência foram obtidos a partir do Registro de Câncer de Base Populacional (RCBP). Resultado: A mortalidade observada em todas as faixas etárias no Tocantins e as taxas de incidência da doença na capital do estado indicam que estratégias que incluem vacinação para o vírus HPV, detecção precoce através de rastreio organizado, maior qualidade para os exames de screening e tratamento e seguimento adequado para as mulheres que apresentam exames alterados precisam ser reforçadas para que o cenário encontrado nessa região se altere dentro de alguns anos. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Câncer de Colo Uterino; Mortalidade; Incidência; Rastreamento

Carbamazepine inhibits angiotensin I-converting enzyme, linking it to the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy

We find that a common mutation that increases angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity occurs with higher frequency in male patients suffering from refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. However, in their brains, the activity of the enzyme is downregulated. As an explanation, we surprisingly find that carbamazepine, commonly used to treat epilepsy, is an inhibitor of the enzyme, thus providing a direct link between epilepsy and the renin-angiotensin and kallikrein-kinin systems. Translational Psychiatry (2012) 2, e93; doi:10.1038/tp.2012.21; published online 13 March 2012INNTConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Sci & Technol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilNove de Julho Univ UNINOVE, Dept Rehabil Sci, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biophys, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Pathol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurosurg, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Sci & Technol, BR-04023032 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost