Sexuality of patients with bowel elimination ostomy

Objective: To evaluate the impact of ostomy in the sexuality of an stomized individual. Methods: A descriptive exploratory study with a quantitative approach, developed in an Integrated Health Center in Teresina/PI. Eighty three patients participated, according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a structured form, stored in Excel 2010 and analyzed through descriptive statistics using chi-squared test. Approval from the Research Ethics Committee CAAE No. 36551714.0.0000.5512 was obtained. Results: Three sections were obtained. The first section, referring to the profile of the sample, includes sociodemographic features of patients with intestinal elimination ostomy; the second section features their sexuality; and the third section lists the sociodemographic characteristics and related to the characteristics of sexuality. Conclusion: Having an ostomy influences many factors that contribute to the well-being of people. The change of body image changes the psychic functions, influencing sexual activity

Teatro como estratégia de educação em saúde sobre a vacina contra o Papilomavírus humano para adolescentes: relato de experiência / Theater as a health education strategy about the human papillomavirus vaccine for adolescents: experience report

 O Papilomavírus humano (HPV) é o principal fator de risco para o câncer do colo do útero, que pode ser prevenido pela vacinação, a forma mais eficiente de prevenir uma doença na população. O objetivo foi descrever a experiência vivenciada durante as atividades de intervenção realizadas com adolescentes de orientações sobre a vacina contra o HPV por meio do teatro. Foi apresentada uma peça de teatro, com a história de um casal, em que a mulher descobre ter HPV. As intervenções foram para adolescentes de 09 a 15 anos em escolas de ensino fundamental. Por meio do teatro, foi possível sensibilizar os adolescentes para discutir sobre a prevenção do câncer de colo do útero, vacina contra o HPV e despertar neles o interesse sobre o assunto para que discutam com seus pais e realizem a vacinação contra o HPV com responsabilidade e autonomia. 

Sexualidade de pacientes com estomias intestinais de eliminação Sexuality of patients with bowel elimination ostomy

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da estomia na sexualidade do indivíduo estomizado. Métodos: Estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um Centro Integrado de Saúde de Teresina/PI. Participaram 83 pacientes, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. Os dados foram coletados através de formulário estruturado, armazenados no Excel 2010 e analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas utilizando teste qui quadrado. Obteve-se aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa CAAE nº 36551714.0.0000.5512. Resultados: Foram obtidas três seções. A primeira seção, referente ao perfil da amostra, engloba os aspectos sociodemográficos dos pacientes com estomias intestinais de eliminação. A segunda seção caracteriza estes quanto a sua sexualidade, a terceira seção relaciona as características sociodemográficas com as características relacionadas a sexualidade. Conclusão: Ter uma estomia influencia diversos fatores que contribuem para o bem-estar das pessoas. A mudança da imagem corporal altera as funções psíquicas, influenciando a atividade sexual

Sexualidade de pacientes com estomias intestinais de eliminação Sexuality of patients with bowel elimination ostomy

Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da estomia na sexualidade do indivíduo estomizado. Métodos: Estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em um Centro Integrado de Saúde de Teresina/PI. Participaram 83 pacientes, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão. Os dados foram coletados através de formulário estruturado, armazenados no Excel 2010 e analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas utilizando teste qui quadrado. Obteve-se aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa CAAE nº 36551714.0.0000.5512. Resultados: Foram obtidas três seções. A primeira seção, referente ao perfil da amostra, engloba os aspectos sociodemográficos dos pacientes com estomias intestinais de eliminação. A segunda seção caracteriza estes quanto a sua sexualidade, a terceira seção relaciona as características sociodemográficas com as características relacionadas a sexualidade. Conclusão: Ter uma estomia influencia diversos fatores que contribuem para o bem-estar das pessoas. A mudança da imagem corporal altera as funções psíquicas, influenciando a atividade sexual

Estimativa da sobrepressão de uma explosão acidental de nuvem do gás acetileno em uma oficina mecânica na UFCG / Estimation of overpressure from an accidental acetylene gas cloud explosion in a mechanical workshop at UFCG

O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi aplicar uma estimativa da máxima sobrepressão envolvidos na liberação repentina de energia de uma explosão acidental com gás acetileno na Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia Mecânica, da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, baseado na simulação no software ALOHA e na regulamentação da norma CETESB (2011). Foram analisadas a ocorrência de pequenos vazamentos e grandes vazamentos em cilindros contendo o gás acetileno, relacionando a pressão. Tal simulação permitiu dimensionar os impactos gerados em decorrência de uma explosão. Dessa forma, o trabalho expõe os riscos inerentes, pois um acidente com o transporte ou carga do gás acetileno decorrerá infalivelmente, em vítimas com elevados danos físicos e até fatais, atingindo áreas circunvizinhas.

Challenges and priorities for river cetacean conservation

River cetaceans are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts due to their constrained ranges in freshwater systems of China, South Asia, and South America. We undertook an exhaustive review of 280 peer-reviewed papers and grey literature reports (1998-2020) to examine the current status of knowledge regarding these cetaceans and their conservation. We aimed to better understand the scale of threats they face, and to identify and propose priority future efforts to better conserve these species. We found that the species have been studied with varying frequency and that most of the research on threats has focused on habitat degradation and fragmentation (43%, mainly driven by dams and extractive activities such as sand mining and deforestation), and fishery interactions (39%, in the form of bycatch and direct take). These threats occur across all species, but more information is needed, primarily on quantifying the population impacts as a basis for designing mitigation measures. Other threats identified include pollution, vessel collisions, traditional use, and poorly managed tourism. Emerging methods such as environmental DNA and unmanned aerial vehicles are described for studying these species. Promising conservation interventions include cetacean-specific protected areas, natural ex situ protection, community-led conservation, and education programmes. However, transnational political will is required for a step change towards broad-scale protection in freshwater environments. In addition, we propose increasing capacity building, developing management plans, working closely with fishing communities, enhancing public awareness, expanding regional collaborations, and diversifying funding

2 nd Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015

Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. It has considerable psychological, social, and economic impacts. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease. The objective was to review and standardize strategies for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of Chagas disease in the country, based on the available scientific evidence. The consensus is based on the articulation and strategic contribution of renowned Brazilian experts with knowledge and experience on various aspects of the disease. It is the result of a close collaboration between the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Ministry of Health. It is hoped that this document will strengthen the development of integrated actions against Chagas disease in the country, focusing on epidemiology, management, comprehensive care (including families and communities), communication, information, education, and research

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks