Every Kid in a Park Climate Change Academies: Notes from the field

Students learn about climate change at on-site academies, with examples from Indiana Dunes National Park and Cape Cod National Seashore

Using multicultural literature across curriculum to foster an understanding and acceptance of diversity

The purpose of this teacher research was to (a) use multicultural literature across curriculum to foster an understanding and acceptance of diversity and (b) examine more deeply how using multicultural literature in this manner might impact student learning, teacher-student relationships, student-student relationships and the overall environment of an elementary school classroom. In response to a cross-curricular multicultural literature unit, the four first grade self-contained participants of this study demonstrated progression from a recognition of physical differences to an acceptance of diversity. My methods for data collection were: keeping a teacher journal, conducting teacher interviews, informal student interviews, read-alouds, audio recordings of student discussion, daily observations and student response activities, such as role playing and drawings. Student responses are analyzed in terms of the impact of multicultural literature on student attitudes, behavior, and learning. The students were able to apply a newfound view of diversity to their daily classroom interactions with one another. Also discussed are the benefits and challenges of using multicultural literature within a special education setting

The role of terpene variation in Hyptis suaveolens in the defense against herbivores

Populations of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. (Labiatae) were accompanied during their development in three sites: Horto Florestal de Sumaré, Campus of UNICAMP (Campinas), and Fazenda Santa Genebra (Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas), all in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1981 through 1983. At each site, a population exposed to full sunlight and another in the shade were studied. The objective was to evaluate, during plant development, the period when they were more susceptible to attack by herbivores; to consider the abundance of herbivores, and the role of variation in the chemistry of monoterpenes in the development of herbivores. Populations were more susceptible to attack by herbivores in the period preceding flowering. Heavy herbivore damage was not detected during this period, in spite of higher herbivore densities. The results suggest that the variation in chemical composition probably has an effect on the development of generalist herbivores. On the other hand, Pyrausta insignatalis Guenée (Lep.-Pyralidae-Pyraustinae) is probably well adapted to the plant and appears to be resistent to the terpenes. Differences in chemistry and differences in protection against herbivores were not observed between populations in sunny and shady sites. The results support an important role for genetic variability in populations in protection against herbivory and inhibition of specialization.Acompanhou-se o desenvolvimento de populações de Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. (Labiatae) em três localidades paulistas: Horto Florestal de Sumaré, Câmpus da UNICAMP (Campinas) e Fazenda Santa Genebra (Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas), em 1981-83. Em cada local, escolheu-se uma população exposta à luz e outra, à sombra, com o objetivo de verificar em que fase do ciclo de vida as populações se tornavam mais suscetíveis ao ataque de herbívoros; de estimar a abundância dos herbívoros naturais e seus efeitos nas populações e a conseqüência da variação química dos monoterpenos que nelas ocorrem sobre os herbívoros. As populações tornavam-se mais suscetíveis aos herbívoros no período que antecedia a floração. Não se observou forte ataque de herbívoros nessa fase, embora se apresentassem em maior densidade. Os resultados sugerem que a variação na composição química possa afetar o desenvolvimento de herbívoros generalistas. No entanto, o Pyrausta insignatalis Guenée (Lep.-Pyralidae-Pyraustinae), provavelmente bem adaptado à planta, parece não ter sido afetado por esses terpenos. Não se detectaram diferenças entre populações expostas ao sol ou à sombra. Tais resultados apóiam a idéia de que a variabilidade química dentro de populações vegetais é importante estratégia de defesa contra herbívoros, dificultando-lhes a especialização.21723

Vera Lynn on Screen: Popular Music and the ‘People's War’

By the outbreak of the Second World War in Britain, critics had spent several decades negotiating the supposed distinctions between highbrow and lowbrow culture, as recent scholarship has shown. What has received comparatively little attention is how the demands of wartime living changed the stakes of the debate. This article addresses this lacuna, exploring how war invited a reassessment of the relative merits of art and popular music. Perhaps the most iconic British singer of the period, Vera Lynn provides a case study. Focusing on her first film vehicle, We'll Meet Again (1942), I explore how Lynn's character mediated the highbrow/lowbrow conflict-for example, by presenting popular music as a site of community, while disparaging art music for its minority appeal. In so doing, I argue, the film not only promoted Lynn's star persona, but also intervened in a broader debate about the value of entertainment for a nation at war.</p