Virtual reality's technology at the service of the communication and diffusion of Santimamiñe Cave.

La prioridad en el ámbito de gestión patrimonio es la conservación y restauración del patrimonio, por lo que en ocasiones se ve frenada la difusión y divulgación de su riqueza a la sociedad. Es el caso de la cueva de Santimamiñe que vio obligado su cierre de puertas al público por el gran deterioro ocasionado por las visitas. Gracias a los grandes avances en el ámbito de la tecnología de Realidad Virtual y un meticuloso proceso de trabajo se ha conseguido que sea accesible de nuevo de una manera no intrusiva y más innovadora.The conservation and restoration of heritage sites are one of the main concerns related to heritage management. Sometimes this problem hinders from diffusing its richness to the society. That was the case of Santimamiñe Cave that was forced to close the entrance to the public due to the big damage caused by the visitors. Thanks to the technological advances in virtual reality and a meticulous working process, the accessibility in an innovative and in a non-intrusive way has been achieved.Departamento de Historia del Arte. Universidad de Granada

La Realidad Virtual aplicada a la explotación sostenible del Patrimonio Arqueológico. Un caso éxito: la Cueva de Santimamiñe

[ES] Los conjuntos arqueológicos constituyen en si mismos elementos de alto reconocimiento y relevancia cultural que requieren especial cuidado para su preservación y por su enorme vulnerabilidad. Sin embargo el uso de los mismos como recurso educativo, científico, cultural, turístico, económico..., en ocasiones no es compatible con la responsabilidad de protección y conservación del mismo, provocando daños irreversibles. Mediante la conjugación de las tecnologías apropiadas, se pueden realizar reconstrucciones virtuales a un alto nivel de detalle y conseguir transferir la riqueza del patrimonio arqueológico a la sociedad y respetar su conservación al mismo tiempo.[EN] Archaeological complex are important heritage elements that require special care because of its fragility and because of the need of spreading its richness to the society along the time. The archaeological heritage used as education, scientific, cultural, economical resource, sometimes does not combine with the duty of its protection and conservation because the unwise exploitation of archaeological sites can generate irreversible damage. Combining the appropriate technologies, a virtual reconstruction can be developed in a high quality level, allowing the massive tourism exploitation in a respectful way. This technology enables the communication and spread to future generations in the best conditions, adding an innovative value.Barrera Mayo, S.; Baeza Santamaría, U. (2010). La Realidad Virtual aplicada a la explotación sostenible del Patrimonio Arqueológico. Un caso éxito: la Cueva de Santimamiñe. Virtual Archaeology Review. 1(1):69-72. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2010.4775OJS697211PHARR, M.GREEN, S (2004). Ambient Occlusion. In R. Fernando (ed). GPU Gems: Tips, and Trics for real time graphics. Chapter 17. pp. 279-292. Addison WesleyRODRÍGUEZ DE LAS HERAS, A.(2004): Nuevas tecnologías y saber humanístico, Madrid.ZHUKOV, S., A. IONES, Y G. KRONIN. (1998). An Ambient Light Illumination Model. Computer Graphics International, Rendering Techniques 98, Junio. pp 45-46

La Cueva del Tiempo. Un viaje a nuestros orígenes

[ES] La evolución humana se define como el proceso de transformación de la especie humana desde sus ancestros hasta el estado actual. Es decir, es un proceso de cambio que finalmente dio lugar al Homo sapiens, nuestra especie, actualmente la única especie humana del planeta. Pero ¿cómo hemos llegado a ser cómo somos? ¿Cómo hemos ido cambiando? Han sucedido muchos cambios a lo largo de los años que nos han hecho ser humanos. A través de los estudios de diferentes restos arqueológicos y paleo-antropológicos conocemos un poco más nuestra evolución biológica y cultural. La Cueva del Tiempo hará posible sentir la experiencia de viajar al pasado y vivir en escenarios de hace miles de años, para poder comunicarnos con nuestros ancestros de una manera interactiva e inmersiva. De esta manera será posible transferir el legado de Atapuerca a generaciones futuras de una manera innovadora.[EN] The human evolution can be defined as the human being transformation process since our ancestors’ period till current days. It has been a changing process that ended in Homo sapiens, the unique human being that exists in the planet. How have we ended as we are right now? How have we changed? There have been many changes along the time that made us humans. Studying the different archaeological findings and human remains we are able to know and to understand our biological and cultural evolution. The Cave of Time will enable to feel the experience of travelling to the past and living in thousand years ago environments, in order to communicate with our ancestors interactively. This way Atapuerca´s legacy will be transferred to future generations innovatively.Este proyecto está financiado por el Ministerio de Industria, Turismo y Comercio (MITYC) a través del Plan Avanza 2009, expediente: TSI-070100-2009-387.Cuesta Marín, C.; Barrera Mayo, S.; Baeza Santamaría, U. (2011). La Cueva del Tiempo. Un viaje a nuestros orígenes. Virtual Archaeology Review. 2(3):99-103. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2011.4621OJS9910323ARSUAGA, JUAN LUIS y MARTÍNEZ, I. (1998): "La especie elegida. La larga marcha de la Evolución Humana". Temas de Hoy. Madrid.BERMÚDEZ DE CASTRO, J.M. (2004): "Hijos de un tiempo perdido. La búsqueda de nuestros orígenes". Ares y Mares. Barcelona.CARBONELL, E. (2005): "Homínidos: las primeras ocupaciones de los continentes". Ariel. Barcelona.DÍEZ, C.; MORAL, S.; NAVAZO, M. (2009): "La Sierra de Atapuerca. Un viaje a nuestros orígenes". Everest. León.NVIDIA (2005): "GPU Programming guide 2.4.0". NVidia.WILLIAMS, R. (2001): "The animator's survival kit: a manual of methods, principles and formulas for classical, computer, games, stop motion and Internet animators". Faber & Faber. Londres

Reconstrucción y activación del patrimonio artístico con tecnología audiovisual. Experiencia de Taüll 1123

With the aim of preserving artistic heritage, museums have typically removed paintings and furniture from the places they were created for. Over the decades, the curators of these places have begun to request that these artistic works be returned, conscious of the significance that many of these works now have. Some institutions and museums have responded to these requests by providing copies of the original works. Although traditionally these copies were handmade, digital resources, such as audiovisual technology, are now being used. The Taüll 1123 project (Lleida, Spain) is an example of the use of these new tools for the benefit of artistic heritage and of modern visitors

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

La tecnología de realidad virtual al servicio de la comunicación y difusión de la Cueva de Santimamiñe

The conservation and restoration of heritage sites are one of the main concerns related to heritage management. Sometimes this problem hinders from diffusing its richness to the society. That was the case of Santimamiñe Cave that was forced to close the entrance to the public due to the big damage caused by the visitors. Thanks to the technological advances in virtual reality and a meticulous working process, the accessibility in an innovative and in a non-intrusive way has been achieved.La prioridad en el ámbito de gestión patrimonio es la conservación y restauración del patrimonio, por lo que en ocasiones se ve frenada la difusión y divulgación de su riqueza a la sociedad. Es el caso de la cueva de Santimamiñe que vio obligado su cierre de puertas al público por el gran deterioro ocasionado por las visitas. Gracias a los grandes avances en el ámbito de la tecnología de Realidad Virtual y un meticuloso proceso de trabajo se ha conseguido que sea accesible de nuevo de una manera no intrusiva y más innovadora. &nbsp

Sex differences in oncogenic mutational processes

Funder: Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002790Funder: Genome Canada (Génome Canada); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100008762Funder: Canada Foundation for Innovation (Fondation canadienne pour l'innovation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000196Funder: Terry Fox Research Institute (Institut de Recherche Terry Fox); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004376Abstract: Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research

Sex differences in oncogenic mutational processes

Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research.Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research.Peer reviewe

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts.The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that -80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAFPeer reviewe