Eco-logiche e culture della parentela. Famiglie e unità domestiche nell’Argentina andina

On the Highland of Jasimaná, in North Western Argentina, the euro-American idea of kinship, which on the traditional anthropological concept is based, cannot completely explain the local kinship perceptions and relations. Using both culturalism and ecological functionalism as theoretical perspectives, the article analyses, on the one hand, the dynamics of the households in the Andean environment and, on the other, the indigenous practices and categories of “family” and “kinship”. We aim highlight the usefulness of ethnographic method, case study and reconstruction of family networks in order to understand from the local level the variation of macro-regional family patterns in Latin America.Sull’altopiano di Jasimaná, nel Nord Ovest Argentino, l’idea euro-americana di parentela, alla base del concetto antropologico tradizionale, non spiega completamente le percezioni e le relazioni di parentela locali. Incrociando teorie culturaliste e funzionalismo ecologico, l’articolo analizza, da un lato, le dinamiche delle unità domestiche nell’ambiente andino e, dall’altro, le pratiche e le categorie indigene di “famiglia” e “parentela”. Il testo vuol mettere in risalto l’importanza della metodologia etnografica, dello studio di caso e della ricostruzione di reti familiari per comprendere a livello locale le differenze macro-regionali del fare famiglia in America Latina

Jean-Louis Tornatore, ed, Le patrimoine comme expérience: Implications anthropologiques, Paris, Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 2019, pp. 298

Book review of Jean-Louis Tornatore, ed, Le patrimoine comme expérience: Implications anthropologiques, Paris, Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 2019, pp. 298.Recensione di Jean-Louis Tornatore, ed, Le patrimoine comme expérience: Implications anthropologiques, Paris, Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, 2019, pp. 298

Pier Giorgio Solinas, Lettere dagli antenati: Famiglie, genti, identità, Torino, Rosenberg & Sellier, 2020, pp. 175

Book review of Pier Giorgio Solinas, Lettere dagli antenati: Famiglie, genti, identità, Torino, Rosenberg & Sellier, 2020, pp. 175.Recensione di Pier Giorgio Solinas, Lettere dagli antenati: Famiglie, genti, identità, Torino, Rosenberg & Sellier, 2020, pp. 175

Convidar a las almas, convidar a la Tierra. Lógicas rituales y categorías de relación entre seres en la Argentina andina

El ensayo propone un análisis comparativo de los rituales del «pago a la Tierra» de agosto y del «día de las almas» de noviembre que se realizan en el altiplano andino de Jasimaná (provincia de Salta, noroeste de Argentina). Utilizando como base una serie de descripciones etnográficas, se analizarán tanto las lógicas de los ritos (el convite, la ofrenda, el sacrificio, la separación), como las categorías émicas que expresan y producen las relaciones rituales entre humanos y no humanos. Se hará referencia a la teoría de los sistemas ontológicos (Descola, 2005) para comprender dichas relaciones entre seres que, si bien interconectados, se mantienen distintos unos de otros.Cet article présente une analyse comparative du rite appelé « paiement à la Terre », qui a lieu en août, et de celui du « jour des âmes », réalisé en novembre, sur le plateau andin de Jasimaná (province de Salta, nord-ouest de l’Argentine). En partant de descriptions ethnographiques, on analysera aussi bien les logiques des rites (l’invitation, l’offrande, le sacrifice, la séparation), que les catégories « emic » qui expriment et produisent les relations rituelles entre humains et non-humains. On fera référence à la théorie des systèmes ontologiques (Descola, 2005) pour mieux comprendre ces relations entre des êtres qui, même s’ils sont interconnectés, restent bien distincts les uns des autres.The article presents a comparative analysis of two rites that take place in the Jasimaná Highland (province of Salta, North Western Argentina): the “payment to the Earth” in August and the “day of the Dead’ Souls” in November. Using ethnographic descriptions, it focuses on both the ritual logics (as the invitation, the offering, the sacrifice, and the separation) and the emic categories that express and produce ritual relations between humans and non-humans. The theory of ontological systems (Descola, 2005) helps us to understand relations between diverse beings that remain different, although connected to each other

Use of edible coatings to reduce fat absorption in frozen pre-fried structured cassava products

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of edible coatings as a barrier to oil incorporation during the process of frying frozen pre-fried structured products made from cassava roots. Three different hydrocolloids were used in six coating formulations, three being composed of pectin and milk whey protein, and the other three of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and milk whey protein in the proportions of 1:4, 1:1 and 4:1, respectively. Films made with the same formulations were evaluated for their characteristics of water vapor permeability, water solubility and thickness, as well as their mechanical properties (tensile strength and stretching). The cassava products were evaluated for their moisture and lipid contents, color, instrumental texture and sensory attributes. The milk whey protein concentration influenced the characteristics of the bio-films, causing a decrease in solubility, increase in thickness and increase in the permeability value of the bio-films containing pectin, and a significant reduction of the same parameters in the bio-films composed of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and milk whey protein. The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose based coatings resulted in higher moisture contents and lower lipid contents in the cassava products, the 1:4 combination giving a 32.30% reduction in the amount of lipid absorption. The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose coating in the 1:4 proportion resulted in crispier products with a golden color, desirable attributes in this type of product. The products only presented statistically significant sensory differences for the attributes of texture and crispiness. As from these results it was concluded that the interaction of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose with milk whey protein in the 1:4 proportion, when applied to frozen pre-fried structured cassava products, resulted in reduced lipid retention and adequate crispiness and internal texture.Este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de coberturas comestíveis como barreira à incorporação de óleo durante o processo de fritura em produtos estruturados pré-fritos congelados, produzidos com raiz de mandioca. Foram utilizados três diferentes hidrocoloides em seis formulações de coberturas, sendo três coberturas compostas por pectina e proteína de soro de leite, e outras três compostas por hidroxipropil-metil celulose e proteína de soro de leite nas proporções de 1:4, 1:1 e 4:1, respectivamente. Foram também produzidos filmes nas mesmas relações utilizadas para as coberturas e, nestes filmes, foram avaliadas a permeabilidade ao vapor de água, a solubilidade em água e a espessura, além das propriedades mecânicas (resistência à tração e elongação). Nos produtos de mandioca, foram avaliados os teores de umidade e lipídios, cor e textura instrumental, e atributos sensoriais. A concentração de proteína de soro de leite influenciou as propriedades dos filmes, provocando diminuição da solubilidade, aumento da espessura, aumento no valor da permeabilidade para os filmes compostos de pectina e redução significativa para os filmes compostos de hidroxopropil-metil celulose e proteína de soro de leite. As coberturas à base de hidroxipropil-metil celulose proporcionaram maiores teores de umidade e menores teores de lipídios nos produtos de mandioca, sendo que a combinação de 1:4 proporcionou uma redução de 32,3% no teor de absorção de lipídios. A cobertura de hidroxipropil-metil celulose na combinação de 1:4 proporcionou ao produto maior crocância, além de coloração dourada, desejável neste tipo de produto. Sensorialmente, os produtos apresentaram diferenças estatísticas somente em relação aos atributos textura e crocância. A partir destes resultados, pode-se concluir então que esta interação, hidroxipropil-metil celulose e proteína de soro de leite na proporção 1:4, quando aplicada em produtos estruturados de mandioca pré-fritos congelados, proporciona menor retenção de lipídios, além de crocância e textura interna adequadas.172180Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Cultures in Mountain Areas / Culture in aree di montagna / Kulturen in Gebirgsregionen

Comparative studies of mountain areas have long been at the core of the discussion about the relations between nature and culture as well as on environmental and social change. This volume searches for ways to develop further critical comparative perspectives in the study of cultures in mountain areas by drawing inter- and transdisciplinary links amongst anthropology, geography, folklore studies, montology, and global history. Drawing on examples mostly from the Alps and the Andes, but also extending to the global mountains, the authors explore socioecological environments, historical and political processes, borderscapes, demographic dynamics, forms of domestic organization, rituals, religiosities, and human-non-humanrelations.Gli studi comparativi sulle aree montane sono da tempo al centro del dibattito sul rapporto tra natura e cultura e sui cambiamenti ecologici e sociali. Questo volume è alla ricerca di nuovi percorsi per sviluppare ulteriormente prospettive comparative critiche per lo studio delle culture delle aree montane, tracciando collegamenti inter- e transdisciplinari tra antropologia, geografia, studi di folklore, montologia e storia globale. Basandosi su esempi provenienti soprattutto dalle Alpi e dalle Ande, ma estendendo l’orizzonte anche ad altre regioni montane a livello globale, le autrici e gli autori esplorano ambienti socio-ecologici, processi storici e politici, paesaggi di confine, dinamiche demografiche, forme di organizzazione domestica, rituali, religiosità e relazioni tra umani e non-umani.Vergleichende Studien über Bergregionen stehen seit langem im Zentrum der Debatte über das Verhältnis zwischen Natur und Kultur sowie über den ökologischen und sozialen Wandel. Dieser Band sucht nach Wegen, kritische vergleichende Perspektiven in der Erforschung von Kulturen in Bergregionen weiterzuentwickeln, indem er inter- und transdisziplinäre Verbindungen zwischen Anthropologie, Geographie, Volkskunde, Montologie und (Welt-)Geschichte herstellt. Anhand von Beispielen vor allem aus den Alpen und den Anden, aber auch aus anderen Gebirgsregionen der Welt, untersuchen die Autor:innen sozioökologische Umwelten, historische und politische Prozesse, Grenzlandschaften, demografische Dynamiken, Formen der häuslichen Organisation, Rituale, Religiosität und Mensch-/Nicht-Mensch-Beziehungen

Commenti a “Bronislaw Malinowski, l’antropologia pratica, la politica e il colonialismo” di Antonino Colajanni, con una risposta dell’autore

Comments on “Bronislaw Malinowski, l’antropologia pratica, la politica e il colonialismo” by Antonino Colajanni, with contributions by Marco Bassi, Valeria Ribeiro Corossacz, Antonio De Lauri, Frederico Delgado Rosa, Andrea E. Pia, Leonardo Piasere, Daniela Salvucci, Ivan Severi, Barbara Sorgoni, Jaro Stacul, Giuseppe Tateo, Elisabeth Tauber, Dorothy L. Zinn, Pier Paolo Viazzo, with a response from the author.Commenti a “Bronislaw Malinowski, l’antropologia pratica, la politica e il colonialismo” di Antonino Colajanni, con contributi di Marco Bassi, Valeria Ribeiro Corossacz, Antonio De Lauri, Frederico Delgado Rosa, Andrea E. Pia, Leonardo Piasere, Daniela Salvucci, Ivan Severi, Barbara Sorgoni, Jaro Stacul, Giuseppe Tateo, Elisabeth Tauber, Dorothy L. Zinn, Pier Paolo Viazzo e una risposta dell’autore

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Measurements of the Higgs boson production and decay rates and coupling strengths using pp collision data at √S=7 and 8 TeV in the ATLAS experiment

Combined analyses of the Higgs boson production and decay rates as well as its coupling strengths to vector bosons and fermions are presented. The combinations include the results of the analyses of the H -> gamma gamma, ZZ*, WW*, Z gamma, b (b) over bar, tau tau and mu mu decay modes, and the constraints on the associated production with a pair of top quarks and on the off-shell coupling strengths of the Higgs boson. The results are based on the LHC proton-proton collision datasets, with integrated luminosities of up to 4.7 fb(-1) at root s = 7 TeV and 20.3 fb(-1) at root s = 8 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector in 2011 and 2012. Combining all production modes and decay channels, the measured signal yield, normalised to the Standard Model expectation, is 1.18(-0.14)(+0.15). The observed Higgs boson production and decay rates are interpreted in a leading-order coupling framework, exploring a wide range of benchmark coupling models both with and without assumptions on the Higgs boson width and on the Standard Model particle content in loop processes. The data are found to be compatible with the Standard Model expectations for a Higgs boson at a mass of 125.36 GeV for all models considered