Fortaleciendo el vínculo universidad-comunidad: Buenas prácticas y material de apoyo para el Aprendizaje Servicio

El fortalecimiento del vínculo universidad-comunidad es un desafío pendiente para la psicología comunitaria. Para avanzar en esta dirección, sistematizamos prácticas asociadas al vínculo entre estudiantes, equipos docentes, socios comunitarios, comunidades, agencias intermediarias (entre la universidad y socios comunitarios), y grupos de estudiantes. Esto lo hicimos en el contexto de dos cursos sobre diagnóstico e intervención comunitaria que utilizan el método de Aprendizaje Servicio. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, realizamos un grupo focal con seis estudiantes, y entrevistas semiestructuradas con cuatro integrantes de los equipos docentes y cinco socios comunitarios. Para el análisis de los datos utilizamos los procedimientos de la Teoría Fundamentada y llevamos a cabo análisis descriptivo. Como resultados, describimos aspectos relevantes y buenas prácticas asociadas a los vínculos entre estos agentes, a partir de lo cual desarrollamos un material de apoyo innovador para favorecer estos vínculos y así potenciar el trabajo entre universidad y comunidad. Éste consistió en una guía de buenas prácticas, un vídeo tutorial para los socios comunitarios y una presentación para ser utilizada por los equipos docentes en clases. Finalmente, concluimos destacando cómo la formalización de los vínculos entre los agentes involucrados en el Aprendizaje Servicio puede favorecer, tanto la formación integral del estudiantado, así como los servicios ofrecidos a las comunidades. Además, discutimos los aportes de la psicología comunitaria para potenciar el vínculo entre universidad y comunidad en el contexto actual, desde los principios de participación, colaboración, pertinencia local, autonomía, aprendizaje activo, flexibilidad, pensamiento crítico y vocación social

Fortaleciendo el vínculo universidad-comunidad: Buenas prácticas y material de apoyo para el Aprendizaje Servicio

El fortalecimiento del vínculo universidad-comunidad es un desafío pendiente para la psicología comunitaria. Para avanzar en esta dirección, sistematizamos prácticas asociadas al vínculo entre estudiantes, equipos docentes, socios comunitarios, comunidades, agencias intermediarias (entre la universidad y socios comunitarios), y grupos de estudiantes. Esto lo hicimos en el contexto de dos cursos sobre diagnóstico e intervención comunitaria que utilizan el método de Aprendizaje Servicio. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, realizamos un grupo focal con seis estudiantes, y entrevistas semiestructuradas con cuatro integrantes de los equipos docentes y cinco socios comunitarios. Para el análisis de los datos utilizamos los procedimientos de la Teoría Fundamentada y llevamos a cabo análisis descriptivo. Como resultados, describimos aspectos relevantes y buenas prácticas asociadas a los vínculos entre estos agentes, a partir de lo cual desarrollamos un material de apoyo innovador para favorecer estos vínculos y así potenciar el trabajo entre universidad y comunidad. Éste consistió en una guía de buenas prácticas, un vídeo tutorial para los socios comunitarios y una presentación para ser utilizada por los equipos docentes en clases. Finalmente, concluimos destacando cómo la formalización de los vínculos entre los agentes involucrados en el Aprendizaje Servicio puede favorecer, tanto la formación integral del estudiantado, así como los servicios ofrecidos a las comunidades. Además, discutimos los aportes de la psicología comunitaria para potenciar el vínculo entre universidad y comunidad en el contexto actual, desde los principios de participación, colaboración, pertinencia local, autonomía, aprendizaje activo, flexibilidad, pensamiento crítico y vocación social

Avances en la evaluación integral: aportes para programas sociales de intervención en pobreza en organizaciones no gubernamentales

En Chile, así como en el resto de Latinoamérica, se ha dado un auge de programas sociales de intervención en pobreza; sin embargo, hay información insuficiente acerca de sus resultados, y las evaluaciones de estos programas suelen tener limitaciones técnicas y metodológicas. En este contexto, se identifican una serie de barreras en la evaluación de los programas, para luego proponer un modelo que permite evaluar programas sociales de manera integral en organizaciones no gubernamentales, velando así por el perfeccionamiento del quehacer social en pobreza. Esta propuesta es consistente con una visión compleja y multidimensional de la pobreza, integra la evaluación a la intervención, aplica métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos e incluye las voces de los distintos actores involucrados. La ventaja de este modelo, que consiste en ocho fases flexibles, es que es factible de realizar, y esto se ejemplifica a partir de su aplicación en una organización no gubernamental chilena.Chile, as the other countries of Latin America, has experienced a boom in social programs aimed at poverty reduction; however, their results are poorly reported, and assessments of these programs are often subject to technical and methodological limitations. In this context, we identify a series of barriers in program assessment, and then propose a model that enables non-governmental organizations to evaluate social programs in a comprehensive manner, thus ensuring improvements in social work aimed at poverty relief. This proposal is consistent with a complex and multidimensional vision of poverty, integrates evaluation into intervention, applies quantitative and qualitative methods, and includes the voices of the different actors involved. The advantage of this model, comprising eight flexible phases, is that it is feasible to carry out, and this is exemplified here by its application in a Chilean non-governmental organization.No Chile, mas também em toda a América Latina, os programas sociais de intervenção em pobreza estão no auge. Contudo, há informação insuficiente sobre seus resultados, e as avaliações desses programas costumam ter limitações técnicas e metodológicas. Nesse contexto, são identificadas barreiras na avaliação dos programas sociais para, em seguida, ser proposto um modelo que permite avaliá-los de maneira integral em organizações não governamentais, zelando pelo aperfeiçoamento do fazer social em pobreza. Essa proposta é consistente com uma visão complexa e multidimensional da pobreza, integra a avaliação da intervenção, aplica métodos quantitativos e qualitativos, e inclui as vozes dos diferentes atores envolvidos. A possibilidade de realização é uma vantagem desse modelo, que consiste em oito fases flexíveis, e isso é exemplificado a partir de sua aplicação em uma organização não governamental chilena

RINNO: Towards an Open Renovation Platform for Integrated Design and Delivery of Deep Renovation Projects

The building stock accounts for a significant portion of worldwide energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. While the majority of the existing building stock has poor energy performance, deep renovation efforts are stymied by a wide range of human, technological, organisational and external environment factors across the value chain. A key challenge is integrating appropriate human resources, materials, fabrication, information and automation systems and knowledge management in a proper manner to achieve the required outcomes and meet the relevant regulatory standards, while satisfying a wide range of stakeholders with differing, often conflicting, motivations. RINNO is a Horizon 2020 project that aims to deliver a set of processes that, when working together, provide a system, repository, marketplace and enabling workflow process for managing deep renovation projects from inception to implementation. This paper presents a roadmap for an open renovation platform for managing and delivering deep renovation projects for residential buildings based on seven design principles. We illustrate a preliminary stepwise framework for applying the platform across the full-lifecycle of a deep renovation project. Based on this work, RINNO will develop a new open renovation software platform that will be implemented and evaluated at four pilot sites with varying construction, regulatory, market and climate contexts

Multi-timescale morphological modelling of a dune-fronted sandy beach

© 2018 The Authors Medium/long term trends (annual to decadal scale) of beach change are mostly used to make coastal management decisions. However, short term, extreme episodic events (short term) can erode the beach to exceed sustainable erosion thresholds thereby impacting long term trends of coastal change. Therefore, understanding coastal change at short and medium-long term (years to decades) timescales is essential to provide sustainable solutions to beach erosion. In this paper, we investigate and simulate the change of a beach-dune system for a megatidal coastline in the UK at storm timescale and at medium-long term timescale corresponding to sea level rise, in order to assess their significance in terms of beach management. The field site of choice is the Sefton coast, located in Liverpool Bay, United Kingdom. The approach used here involves process based modelling to determine storm-induced beach erosion and the application of modified Bruun Rule (Dean and Houston, 2016) to determine medium-long term evolution associated with climate change impacts. The application of the process-based model, XBeach, reveals that storm-induced short term beach erosion can be in the same scale or may surpass average medium/long term erosion thresholds and therefore, should be taken in to account when managing coastlines. Despite the complexities of the megatidal Sefton coast, the modified Bruun Rule proved to be capable of capturing long term beach profile change and assures that it can be confidently used to determine medium-long term beach-dune change due to sea level rise, once reliable estimates of longshore transport and sediment sources/sinks are made

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat