Improved relationship between left and right ventricular electrical activation after cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients can be quantified by body surface potential mapping

OBJECTIVES: Few studies have evaluated cardiac electrical activation dynamics after cardiac resynchronization therapy. Although this procedure reduces morbidity and mortality in heart failure patients, many approaches attempting to identify the responders have shown that 30% of patients do not attain clinical or functional improvement. This study sought to quantify and characterize the effect of resynchronization therapy on the ventricular electrical activation of patients using body surface potential mapping, a noninvasive tool. METHODS: This retrospective study included 91 resynchronization patients with a mean age of 61 years, left ventricle ejection fraction of 28%, mean QRS duration of 182 ms, and functional class III/IV (78%/22%); the patients underwent 87-lead body surface mapping with the resynchronization device on and off. Thirty-six patients were excluded. Body surface isochronal maps produced 87 maximal/mean global ventricular activation times with three regions identified. The regional activation times for right and left ventricles and their inter-regional right-to-left ventricle gradients were calculated from these results and analyzed. The Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskall-Wallis test were used for comparisons, with the level of significance set at p≤0.05. RESULTS: During intrinsic rhythms, regional ventricular activation times were significantly different (54.5 ms vs. 95.9 ms in the right and left ventricle regions, respectively). Regarding cardiac resynchronization, the maximal global value was significantly reduced (138 ms to 131 ms), and a downward variation of 19.4% in regional-left and an upward variation of 44.8% in regional-right ventricular activation times resulted in a significantly reduced inter-regional gradient (43.8 ms to 17 ms). CONCLUSIONS: Body surface potential mapping in resynchronization patients yielded electrical ventricular activation times for two cardiac regions with significantly decreased global and regional-left values but significantly increased regional-right values, thus showing an attenuated inter-regional gradient after the cardiac resynchronization therapy

Purification of polyphenoloxidase (PPO) from ripe custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) pulp

The PPO (EC 1.10.3.2) extract of ripe custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) pulps, was partially purified by ammonium sulphate fractionation and purified 411 (Fraction I) and 118 (Fraction II) fold in an ion exchange column of DEAE-Toyopearl 650M, and 566 fold in a gel column of Toyopearl HW 55F. The enzyme of the most active fraction was characterized biochemically. The partially purified and purified enzyme used the o-diphenols as substrates and no activity towards monophenols was detected. With respect to the kinetic parameters, the purified enzyme presented values for Km and Vmax of 7.14 mM and 302.0 units/min/ml for catechol and 25.0 mM and 180.2 units/min/ml for L-dopa respectively, substrates which show greater specificity. The molecular weight was estimated as 90.700 daltons using gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. In the analysis of copper, the purified enzyme gave a value of 11ppm by weight of the liofilized sample. The amino acid composition of the custard apple fruit PPO, presented greater amounts of aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine and smaller amounts of methionine, arginine and tyrosine, with an absence of cysteine.A PFO (EC 1.10.3.2) extraída de polpa de pinha madura (Annona squamosa L.), foi parcialmente purificada por fracionamento em sulfato de amônio a 80% e purificada 411 (Fração I) e 118 (Fração II) vezes após cromatografia em coluna de troca iônica em DEAE-Toyopearl 650M, e 566 vezes em coluna de Toyopearl HW55F. A enzima da fração mais ativa foi caracterizada bioquimicamente. Quanto aos parâmetros cinéticos, a enzima apresentou valores de Km e Vmax de 7,14mM e 302,0 unidades/min/ml para catecol e 25,0mM e 180,2 unidades/min/ml para L-dopa respectivamente, substratos que demonstraram maior especificidade. O peso molecular foi estimado em 90.700 daltons através de filtração em gel Sephadex G-200. O teor de cobre da enzima purificada encontrado foi de 11ppm/peso da amostra liofilizada. Quanto à composição de aminoácidos, a PFO apresentou maiores teores de ácido aspártico, ácido glutâmico e lisina e menores teores de metionina, arginina e tirosina, com ausência de cisteína.9810

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Introduction to celebrating Latin American talent in chemistry

In celebration of the excellence and breadth of Latin American research achievements across the chemical sciences, we are delighted to present an introduction to the themed collection, Celebrating Latin American talent in chemistry. [Image: see text

Search for supersymmetry at √s=13 TeV in final states with jets and two same-sign leptons or three leptons with the ATLAS detector

A search for strongly produced supersymmetric particles is conducted using signatures involving multiple energetic jets and either two isolated leptons (e or μ μ) with the same electric charge or at least three isolated leptons. The search also utilises b-tagged jets, missing transverse momentum and other observables to extend its sensitivity. The analysis uses a data sample of proton–proton collisions at √s=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb −1. No significant excess over the Standard Model expectation is observed. The results are interpreted in several simplified supersymmetric models and extend the exclusion limits from previous searches. In the context of exclusive production and simplified decay modes, gluino masses are excluded at 95% 95% confidence level up to 1.1–1.3 TeV for light neutralinos (depending on the decay channel), and bottom squark masses are also excluded up to 540 GeV. In the former scenarios, neutralino masses are also excluded up to 550–850 GeV for gluino masses around 1 TeV

Search for supersymmetry in events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least one tau lepton in 20 fb−1 of √s=8 TeV proton-proton collision data with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry (SUSY) in events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, at least one hadronically decaying tau lepton and zero or one additional light leptons (electron/muon), has been performed using 20.3fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at √s= 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed in the various signal regions and 95% confidence level upper limits on the visible cross section for new phenomena are set. The results of the analysis are interpreted in several SUSY scenarios, significantly extending previous limits obtained in the same final states. In the framework of minimal gauge-mediated SUSY breaking models, values of the SUSY breaking scale Λ below 63 TeV are excluded, independently of tan β. Exclusion limits are also derived for an mSUGRA/CMSSM model, in both the R-parity-conserving and R-parity-violating case. A further interpretation is presented in a framework of natural gauge mediation, in which the gluino is assumed to be the only light coloured sparticle and gluino masses below 1090 GeV are excluded

Search for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search is presented for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons (electrons or muons) of opposite charge using 20.3 fb−1 of pp collision data at √s = 8 TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. No excess over the Standard Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted under the separate assumptions (i) that the top squark decays to a b-quark in addition to an on-shell chargino whose decay occurs via a real or virtual W boson, or (ii) that the top squark decays to a t-quark and the lightest neutralino. A top squark with a mass between 150 GeV and 445 GeV decaying to a b-quark and an on-shell chargino is excluded at 95% confidence level for a top squark mass equal to the chargino mass plus 10 GeV, in the case of a 1 GeV lightest neutralino. Top squarks with masses between 215 (90) GeV and 530 (170) GeV decaying to an on-shell (off-shell) t-quark and a neutralino are excluded at 95% confidence level for a 1 GeV neutralino