Вікові особливості оксидативного стресу у пацієнтів з пієлонефритом

Метою нашої роботи було порівняти показники оксидативного стресу дітей та дорослих хворих на пієлонефрит. Методи. Це дослідження зосереджено на вікових особливостях змін оксидантно-антиоксидантних параметрів та інтенсивності оксидативного стресу (ОС) у крові 252 дорослих та 123 дітей з пієлонефритом. Контрольну групу склали 68 здорових донорів одного віку та статі. Поряд із стандартними діагностичними методами визначали концентрації малонового діальдегіду у сироватці крові та еритроцитах, церулоплазміну, трансферину та SH-груп у сироватці крові, визначали активність глутатіонредуктази, глутатіонпероксидази та загальну активність пероксидази в еритроцитах, розраховували індекс ОС. Статистичний аналіз проводився за допомогою програм Statistica 10 для Windows та "MedCalc". Результати дослідження підтвердили підвищення концентрації малонового діальдегіду і карбонільних груп білків у крові та зниження антиоксидантних маркерів, а саме: концентрації трансферину, різних фракцій тіолових груп, загальної пероксидазної активності в еритроцитах, активності глутатіонредуктази і глутатіонпероксидази. Збільшення активності окислення ліпідів та білків на тлі зниження показників антиоксидантного захисту характерне для пацієнтів з хронічним пієлонефритом. Найбільша інтенсивність ОС та концентрація церулоплазміну в сироватці спостерігалася у дорослих пацієнтів з гострим пієлонефритом. Найвища активність перекисного окислення ліпідів та низький рівень антиоксидантного захисту крові характерні для педіатричних пацієнтів. Висновки. Таким чином, інтенсифікація ОС залежить від віку пацієнтів

PREDICTORS OF PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS IN CHILDREN

Introduction The search for new diagnostic capabilities adverse forecasting of chronic pyelonephritis in children is a pressing issue today. To determine the degree of destruction of renal parenchyma, structural and functional changes in kidney informative study of fermenturiyi, analyze its relationship with albuminuria and profibrozuyuchymy growth factors. The aim was to identify predictors of progression of chronic pyelonephritis in children to assess the level of kidney function in dynamic observation. Materials and Methods: Pediatric Nephrology at the Department of SI «Institute of Nephrology AMS of Ukraine» at the CST №7 of Kyiv was examined 191 child over 5 years in age from 3 to 17 years. Results: In the group of children with progressive chronic pyelonephritis relapsing course 2fi-MG urine compared with groups of 2fi-MG there PNhighest level of reliable patients who had not frequent relapses and recovered (p <0.001). To determine infringement tubular renal function, analyzed the $2-MG urine and serum levels with enzyme activity NAG, NAG B and in patients with chronic pyelonephritis and established significant coefficients of paired correlation 2fi-MG serum and urine$2-MG between levels and activity Nag, NagB in urine. Discovered reliable positive correlation between levels of albuminuria and TGF-fi, which is profibrotychnym factor (r = 0,48, p <0.001) and identified a significant increase in its levels in patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Conducted stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed a reliable connection between the measure glomerular filtration rate decline per year (which is determined by progression) and $2-MG levels of blood TGF-^,$2-MG in urine, albuminuria and indicators renoscintigraphy - ENPstand% inclusion RFP180 min. Conclusions. Predictors of progression of pyelonephritis in children are: increased activity of lysosomal enzymes, maintaining elevated levels $2-MG serum and urine regardless of the degree of inflammatory activity in the kidneys and albuminuri

RELATIONSHIP OF LIPID PEROXIDATION PROCESSES AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION WITH ATHEROSCLEROTIC VASCULAR CHANGES AND INDICATORS ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CKD STAGES II-IV

The aim of our study was to determine the relationship of processes of atherogenesis and indicators of endothelial dysfunction with the processes of activation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and chronic inflammation in patients with CKD stages II-IV. Material and methods. Levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, indicators of lipid peroxidation, the thickness of the intima-media (IMT) of the carotid artery, ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured in 90 patients with CKD stage II-IV (30 - CKD st. II, 31 patients with CKD st. III and 29 st. IV CKD patients) and 30 healthy subjects (control group). The correlation analysis was performed to identify the possible association between the obtained parameters of atherosclerotic vascular lesions and endothelial dysfunction and indices of lipid peroxidation and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results. The average levels of interferon-y, interleukin (IL) -1p and IL-10 in patients with CKD II-IV Art. were significantly increased compared with the corresponding values in the control group. The average levels of malondialde- hyde (MDA) of serum and MDA of erythrocyte in CKD patients was significantly increased compared with the corresponding values in the control group, and the antioxidant system indices - total peroxidase activity of erythrocytes and serum levels of the sulfhydrylgroups was significantly reduced relative to the corresponding values in the group control. 39 (43%) patients with CKD st. II-IV were recorded carotid atherosclerotic changes. The IMT (from 0.91 to 1.29 mm) defined in 22 (56%) patients and atherosclerotic plaques (IMT > 1,3 mm) defined in 17 (44%) patients. Bilateral carotid atherosclerotic lesions was observed in 14 (36%) patients with CKD st. II-IV. Endothelial dysfunction was observed in 71 (79%) patients with CKD st. II-IV. There was a statistically significant association between indicators of chronic inflammation, lipid peroxidation and indicators of atherosclerotic vascular lesions and endothelial dysfunction. Conclusion. Pathological processes ofLPO activation, chronic inflammation are closely linked between themselves and progression of atherosclerotic vascular lesions in CKD

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02

Measurement of event-shape observables in Z→ℓ+ℓ− events in pp collisions at √ s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Event-shape observables measured using charged particles in inclusive $Z$-boson events are presented, using the electron and muon decay modes of the $Z$ bosons. The measurements are based on an integrated luminosity of $1.1 {\rm fb}^{-1}$ of proton--proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV. Charged-particle distributions, excluding the lepton--antilepton pair from the $Z$-boson decay, are measured in different ranges of transverse momentum of the $Z$ boson. Distributions include multiplicity, scalar sum of transverse momenta, beam thrust, transverse thrust, spherocity, and $\mathcal{F}$-parameter, which are in particular sensitive to properties of the underlying event at small values of the $Z$-boson transverse momentum. The Sherpa event generator shows larger deviations from the measured observables than Pythia8 and Herwig7. Typically, all three Monte Carlo generators provide predictions that are in better agreement with the data at high $Z$-boson transverse momenta than at low $Z$-boson transverse momenta and for the observables that are less sensitive to the number of charged particles in the event.Comment: 36 pages plus author list + cover page (54 pages total), 14 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2014-0

Алгоритм форсованого пошуку екстремуму унімодального критерія

We construct the algorithm that implements forced search for extremum of unimodal criterion. We provide results of mathematical modelling on a computer.Побудовано алгоритм, що здійснює форсований пошук екстремуму унімодального критерія. Наведено результати математичного моделювання на ЕОМ

Алгоритм пошукової ідентифікації з форсованим пошуком екстремума

We provide one of possible ways to reduce the time of transitive process of models tuning in the identification problems, which is: forced search for extremum of system state criterion.Наведено один з можливих варіантів скорочення часу перехідного процесу налаштування моделей у задачах ідентифікації, а саме: форсований пошук екстремума критерія стану системи

The effects of gut indigenous microbiota on intensity of oxidative stress and the cytokine immunity in women with recurrent pyelonephritis

The aim of our study was to investigate the oxidative stress (OS) intensity and concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) depending on the content of Lactobacillus spp. in the colon of patients with recurrent pyelonephritis. Materials and methods. The observational study involved 64 women with recurrent pyelonephritis, aged 39.5±3.2 years. According to the quantitative content of Lactobacillus spp. in the patients’ intestine, the women were divided into two groups: the first group of the patients (n=38) had a deficit of Lactobacillus spp. in the intestine, and the second one (n=26) didn’t have any disorders. The intensity of OS was estimated by determining the OS index (OSI) as the ratio of total changes in the activity of oxidative processes to the total antioxidant capacity of blood. The blood concentration of TNF-α and interleukin 10 was determined. The local inflammation was characterized by the determination of the content of C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of N-acetyl-β-D-hexosaminidase (HEX) and β-galactosidase (β-gal) in urine. Results. The blood levels of OSI, MDA and TNF-α in the women with the deficit of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut were significantly higher compared with the deficit-free patients (р=0.03, р=0.01and р=0.007, respectively). Moreover, in the patients with the deficit of intestine lactobacillus spp., we observed high levels of CRP (р=0.045), HEX and β-gal (р=0.045) in the urine. In addition, a significant regression was found between IL-10 in the blood and HEX in the urine (p=0.003), as well as MDA and TNF-α in the blood (p=0.02). Conclusions. Thus, the results of our work confirm the experimental studies data which demonstrate the leading role of gut indigenous microbiota in the development of the OS and inflammatory process

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis in Children

The article describes the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis. The data of own observations of the children with herpes encephalitis are presented. The early diagnosis of the disease with acyclovir use significantly improves the course of the disease and reduces mortality