As Wife and Mother

Today, just as yesterday, all over the world, from jungle huts to mansions on the boulevard, mothers are dreaming, planning and scheming for their men and children

We Thought it Would be That Easy But It Took a Year to Launch Homemaker

The girl with long pigtails wrapped around her head thrust a handful of typewritten sheets toward the tall, dignified girl who always wore white collars and who was just entering the door of the Ag office

The Iowa Homemaker vol.15, no.5

She’s Been a Campus Personality By Prof. Blair Converse No Race Prejudice in Barbados By Rosemae Johnson Ideas Centuries Old By Sally Tragedy in One Act By Isabella Palmer Journalists Like Their Fun By Virginia Berry Watch the Cyclone Ends By Winn Heyer “We Thought it Would be That Easy” By Bess Ferguson Lastest Fashions for a Fall Breakfast by Katherine Hoffma

The Iowa Homemaker vol.41, no.8

“I Was the Editor of the First Homemaker”, Bess Ferguson, page 4 And After May ’26?, page 5 1920s, Rose Summers, page 6 1930s, Laura Daily, page 6 1940s, Ruth Webber, page 7 1950s, Ruth Remy, page 7 Food Class for Foresters, Russel B. McKennan, page 8 Mortar Board Presents: Know Your Neighbor, page 9 Decorating Your Home With the Family in Mind, Jan Wheeler, page 10 Let’s Split A Pizza, Barbara Pierson, page 12 Easter Bonnet In An Hour, page 13 Here’s How We Look, page 14 The Younger Generation, Sherry Stoddard, page 15 Part-time Jobs After Marriage, Diane Sharbo, page 16 Looking Abroad, Barbara Brown, page 17 40 Years From Now, Anne Collison, page 1

The Effect of Hearing Loss and Hearing Device Fitting on Fatigue in Adults: A Systematic Review

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review to address two research questions: (Q1) Does hearing loss have an effect on fatigue? (Q2) Does hearing device fitting have an effect on fatigue? It was hypothesized that hearing loss would increase fatigue (H1), and hearing device fitting would reduce fatigue (H2).Design: Systematic searches were undertaken of five bibliographic databases: Embase, MedLine, Web of Science, Psychinfo, and the Cochrane Library. English language peer-reviewed research articles were included from inception until present. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study design strategy.Results: Initial searches for both research questions produced 1,227 unique articles, after removal of duplicates. After screening, the full text of 61 studies was checked, resulting in 12 articles with content relevant to the research questions. The reference lists of these studies were examined, and a final updated search was conducted on October 16, 2019. This resulted in a final total of 20 studies being selected for the review. For each study, the information relating to the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study design criteria and the statistical outcomes relating to both questions (Q1 and Q2) were extracted. Evidence relating to Q1 was provided by 15 studies, reporting 24 findings. Evidence relating to Q2 was provided by six studies, reporting eight findings. One study provided evidence for both. Using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines, the quality of evidence on both research questions was deemed to be “very low.” It was impossible to perform a meta-analysis of the results due to a lack of homogeneity.Conclusions: As the studies were too heterogeneous to support a meta-analysis, it was not possible to provide statistically significant evidence to support the hypotheses that hearing loss results in increased fatigue (H1) or that hearing device fitting results in decreased fatigue (H2). Despite this, the comparative volume of positive results and the lack of any negative findings are promising for future research (particularly in respect of Q1). There was a very small number of studies deemed eligible for the review, and there was large variability between studies in terms of population, and quantification of hearing loss and fatigue. The review highlights the need for consistency when measuring fatigue, particularly when using self-report questionnaires, where the majority of the current evidence was generated

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition)

In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. For example, a key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process versus those that measure fl ux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process including the amount and rate of cargo sequestered and degraded). In particular, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation must be differentiated from stimuli that increase autophagic activity, defi ned as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (inmost higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium ) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the fi eld understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. It is worth emphasizing here that lysosomal digestion is a stage of autophagy and evaluating its competence is a crucial part of the evaluation of autophagic flux, or complete autophagy. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. Along these lines, because of the potential for pleiotropic effects due to blocking autophagy through genetic manipulation it is imperative to delete or knock down more than one autophagy-related gene. In addition, some individual Atg proteins, or groups of proteins, are involved in other cellular pathways so not all Atg proteins can be used as a specific marker for an autophagic process. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field

As Wife and Mother

Today, just as yesterday, all over the world, from jungle huts to mansions on the boulevard, mothers are dreaming, planning and scheming for their men and children .</p

"We Thought it Would be That Easy" But It Took a Year to Launch Homemaker

The girl with long pigtails wrapped around her head thrust a handful of typewritten sheets toward the tall, dignified girl who always wore white collars and who was just entering the door of the "Ag" office.</p