EXTRACTION OF TANNIN, GALLIC ACID AND PYROGALLOL FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA WITH WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS AND THEIR DETERMINATION IN CONCENTRATES BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

For the first time water-soluble homo- and co-polymers based on N-vinylcaprolactam and N-vinylpyrrolidone were applied for the extraction of tannin, gallic acid and pyrogallol from the aqueous-salt solutions. The distribution coefficients and the degree of extraction of phenols were established. Extraction characteristics of phenols depend on their solubility, structure, and the number of functional groups in their molecules that can form hydrogen bonds and π-complexes with polymers. The large distribution coefficients of tannin are due to its high hydrophobicity. It was established that the copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-vinylcaprolactam shows higher extraction efficiency than homopolymers. The efficiency of extraction of the studied phenols depends on the pH of aqueous solutions. The maximum degree of extraction of phenols was achieved at pH 3. Conditions of division and determination of phenols in the polymer-aqueous concentrate using the chromatography method in a thin layer were chosen. It has been established that the selective separation of the investigated phenols is achieved using a mobile phase of 1-butanol, acetic acid and chloroform in the ratio (vol.) 4 : 1 : 5. Eluent eliminates the blur spots.  Separation time of analytes is reduced from 60 to 20-30 min in comparison with known chromatographic systems. It was established that the nature of the polymer and its presence in the concentrate does not affect the chromatographic characteristics. The technique of determination of studied substances in aqueous media was developed.Keywords: polyphenols, tannin, gallic acid, pyrogallol, extraction, chromatography, water-soluble polymers, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, copolymer(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2015.19.3.005 P.T. Sukhanov1, A.N. Il’yin1, E.V. Churilina1, G.V. Shatalov21Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russian Federation2Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russian Federatio

EXTRACTION OF TANNIN, GALLIC ACID AND PYROGALLOL FROM AQUEOUS MEDIA WITH WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS AND THEIR DETERMINATION IN CONCENTRATES BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

For the first time water-soluble homo- and co-polymers based on N-vinylcaprolactam and N-vinylpyrrolidone were applied for the extraction of tannin, gallic acid and pyrogallol from the aqueous-salt solutions. The distribution coefficients and the degree of extraction of phenols were established. Extraction characteristics of phenols depend on their solubility, structure, and the number of functional groups in their molecules that can form hydrogen bonds and π-complexes with polymers. The large distribution coefficients of tannin are due to its high hydrophobicity. It was established that the copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-vinylcaprolactam shows higher extraction efficiency than homopolymers. The efficiency of extraction of the studied phenols depends on the pH of aqueous solutions. The maximum degree of extraction of phenols was achieved at pH 3. Conditions of division and determination of phenols in the polymer-aqueous concentrate using the chromatography method in a thin layer were chosen. It has been established that the selective separation of the investigated phenols is achieved using a mobile phase of 1-butanol, acetic acid and chloroform in the ratio (vol.) 4 : 1 : 5. Eluent eliminates the blur spots.  Separation time of analytes is reduced from 60 to 20-30 min in comparison with known chromatographic systems. It was established that the nature of the polymer and its presence in the concentrate does not affect the chromatographic characteristics. The technique of determination of studied substances in aqueous media was developed.Keywords: polyphenols, tannin, gallic acid, pyrogallol, extraction, chromatography, water-soluble polymers, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, copolymer(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2015.19.3.005 P.T. Sukhanov1, A.N. Il’yin1, E.V. Churilina1, G.V. Shatalov21Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russian Federation2Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russian Federatio

Extraction of tannin, gallic acid and pyrogallol from aqueous media with water-soluble polymers and their determination in concentrates by thin-layer chromatography

Для экстракции танина, галловой кислоты и пирогаллола из водно-солевых растворов впервые применены водорастворимые гомо- и сополимеры на основе N-винилкапролактама и N-винилпирролидона. Установлены коэффициенты распределения и степень извлечения фенолов. Экстракционные характеристики фенолов зависят от их растворимости, строения, числа функциональных групп в их молекулах, способных образовывать водородные связи и π-комплексы с полимерами. Большие коэффициенты распределения таннина обусловлены его высокой гидрофобностью. Установлено, что сополимер N-винилпирролидона и N-винилкапролактама проявляет большую экстракционную способность по сравнению с гомополимерами. Эффективность экстракции исследуемых фенолов зависит от рН раствора. Максимальная степень извлечения фенолов достигается при рН = 3. Обоснованы условия разделения и определения фенолов в полимерно-водном концентрате методом хроматографии в тонком слое. Селективное разделение исследуемых фенолов проводили с применением подвижной фазы, состоящей из бутанола-1, уксусной кислоты и хлороформа в соотношении (об.) 4 : 1 : 5. Элюент исключает размывание пятен. По сравнению с известными хроматографическими системами время разделения аналитов уменьшается с 60 до 20-30 минут. Установлено, что природа полимера и его присутствие в концентрате не влияет на хроматографические характеристики. Разработан способ определения исследуемых веществ в водных средах.For the first time water-soluble homo- and co-polymers based on N-vinylcaprolactam and N-vinylpyrrolidone were applied for the extraction of tannin, gallic acid and pyrogallol from the aqueous-salt solutions. The distribution coefficients and the degree of extraction of phenols were established. Extraction characteristics of phenols depend on their solubility, structure, and the number of functional groups in their molecules that can form hydrogen bonds and π-complexes with polymers. The large distribution coefficients of tannin are due to its high hydrophobicity. It was established that the copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-vinylcaprolactam shows higher extraction efficiency than homopolymers. The efficiency of extraction of the studied phenols depends on the pH of aqueous solutions. The maximum degree of extraction of phenols was achieved at pH 3. Conditions of division and determination of phenols in the polymer-aqueous concentrate using the chromatography method in a thin layer were chosen. It has been established that the selective separation of the investigated phenols is achieved using a mobile phase of 1-butanol, acetic acid and chloroform in the ratio (vol.) 4 : 1 : 5. Eluent eliminates the blur spots. Separation time of analytes is reduced from 60 to 20-30 min in comparison with known chromatographic systems. It was established that the nature of the polymer and its presence in the concentrate does not affect the chromatographic characteristics. The technique of determination of studied substances in aqueous media was developed

Performance of the LHCb muon system with cosmic rays

The LHCb Muon system performance is presented using cosmic ray events collected in 2009. These events allowed to test and optimize the detector configuration before the LHC start. The space and time alignment and the measurement of chamber efficiency, time resolution and cluster size are described in detail. The results are in agreement with the expected detector performance.Comment: Submitted to JINST and accepte

Performance of the LHCb muon system

The performance of the LHCb Muon system and its stability across the full 2010 data taking with LHC running at ps = 7 TeV energy is studied. The optimization of the detector setting and the time calibration performed with the first collisions delivered by LHC is described. Particle rates, measured for the wide range of luminosities and beam operation conditions experienced during the run, are compared with the values expected from simulation. The space and time alignment of the detectors, chamber efficiency, time resolution and cluster size are evaluated. The detector performance is found to be as expected from specifications or better. Notably the overall efficiency is well above the design requirementsComment: JINST_015P_1112 201

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009 and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3% for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table, submitted to European Physical Journal

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV

Measurement of χ c1 and χ c2 production with s√ = 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

The prompt and non-prompt production cross-sections for the χ c1 and χ c2 charmonium states are measured in pp collisions at s√ = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using 4.5 fb−1 of integrated luminosity. The χ c states are reconstructed through the radiative decay χ c → J/ψγ (with J/ψ → μ + μ −) where photons are reconstructed from γ → e + e − conversions. The production rate of the χ c2 state relative to the χ c1 state is measured for prompt and non-prompt χ c as a function of J/ψ transverse momentum. The prompt χ c cross-sections are combined with existing measurements of prompt J/ψ production to derive the fraction of prompt J/ψ produced in feed-down from χ c decays. The fractions of χ c1 and χ c2 produced in b-hadron decays are also measured

Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in diboson final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented of production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs, H →γ γ, H → Z Z∗ →4l and H →W W∗ →lνlν. The results are based on the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25 fb−1. Evidence for Higgs boson production through vector-boson fusion is reported. Results of combined fits probing Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons, as well as anomalous contributions to loop-induced production and decay modes, are presented. All measurements are consistent with expectations for the Standard Model Higgs boson