Influència de la tècnica de concentració de mostos en la varietat trepat

Existeixen una sèrie de factors edafoclimàtics que poden conduir a una falta de maduresa del raïm. Per a corregir aquest problema la legislació europea vigent permet una sèrie de pràctiques perfectament controlades com són, per exemple, l'ús de mostos concentrats rectificats (MCR) i l'autoenriquiment parcial de mostos. L'objecte d'aquest treball ha estat fer una avaluació de les possibilitats de l'aplicació de la concentració parcial de most mitjançant evaporació al buit. Del most de partida obtingut de la varietat trepat es van fer tres alíquotes, una d'elles es va concentrar parcialment fent servir el concentrador per evaporació al buit, l'altra es va enriquir amb mcr i la tercera es va deixar com a testimoni. Respecte als paràmetres enològics clàssics en els vins, es pot dir que en general no s'observen diferències importants entre els tres lots. Respecte al color s'observa una petita millora i també en el contingut en polifenols per als vins obtinguts a partir de la concentració parcial del most. Els resultats obtinguts en les successives veremes (del 2004 al 2007) posen de manifest que la concentració parcial de mostos per evaporació al buit és una tècnica vàlida i d'interès per a les bodegues per a poder concentrar els seus propis mostos mantenint la tipicitat dels seus vins.Existen una serie de factores edafoclimáticos que pueden conducir a una falta de madurez de la uva. Para corregir este problema la legislación europea vigente permite una serie de prácticas perfectamente controladas como el uso de mostos concentrados rectificados (MCR), así como el autoenriquecimiento parcial de mostos. El objetivo del trabajo ha sido hacer una evaluación de las posibilidades de la aplicación de la concentración parcial de mosto mediante evaporación al vacío. Del mosto obtenido de la variedad trepat se hicieron tres alícuotas, en una de ellas se concentró parcialmente el mosto utilizando un concentrador por evaporación al vacío, la otra se enriqueció con MCR y la otra se dejó como testimonio. Respecto a los parámetros enológicos clásicos en los vinos, se puede decir en general que no se observan diferencias importantes entre los tres lotes. En cuanto al color se observa una pequeña mejora y también en el contenido en polifenoles para los vinos obtenidos a partir de la concentración parcial del mosto. Los resultados obtenidos en las sucesivas vendimias (del 2004 al 2007) ponen de manifiesto que la concentración parcial de mostos por evaporación al vacío es una técnica valida y de interés para las bodegas para poder concentrar sus propios mostos manteniendo la tipicidad de sus vinos

Systematic Collaborative Reanalysis of Genomic Data Improves Diagnostic Yield in Neurologic Rare Diseases

Altres ajuts: Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament de Salut; Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement i CERCA Program; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación; Instituto Nacional de Bioinformática; ELIXIR Implementation Studies (CNAG-CRG); Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa; European Regional Development Fund (FEDER).Many patients experiencing a rare disease remain undiagnosed even after genomic testing. Reanalysis of existing genomic data has shown to increase diagnostic yield, although there are few systematic and comprehensive reanalysis efforts that enable collaborative interpretation and future reinterpretation. The Undiagnosed Rare Disease Program of Catalonia project collated previously inconclusive good quality genomic data (panels, exomes, and genomes) and standardized phenotypic profiles from 323 families (543 individuals) with a neurologic rare disease. The data were reanalyzed systematically to identify relatedness, runs of homozygosity, consanguinity, single-nucleotide variants, insertions and deletions, and copy number variants. Data were shared and collaboratively interpreted within the consortium through a customized Genome-Phenome Analysis Platform, which also enables future data reinterpretation. Reanalysis of existing genomic data provided a diagnosis for 20.7% of the patients, including 1.8% diagnosed after the generation of additional genomic data to identify a second pathogenic heterozygous variant. Diagnostic rate was significantly higher for family-based exome/genome reanalysis compared with singleton panels. Most new diagnoses were attributable to recent gene-disease associations (50.8%), additional or improved bioinformatic analysis (19.7%), and standardized phenotyping data integrated within the Undiagnosed Rare Disease Program of Catalonia Genome-Phenome Analysis Platform functionalities (18%)

Comparison between experimental digital image processing and numerical methods for stress analysis in dental implants with different restorative materials

The aim of this study is to evaluate the stresses transferred to peri-implant areas from single implants restored with different restorative materials and subjected to a static vertical load with low eccentricity. A total of 12 crowns were made with four types of materials: carbon fiber-composite, metal-ceramic, metal-composite, and full-metal, all of them cemented over a titanium abutment. Three different ways of approaching the problem have been used independently to verify the robustness of the conclusions. The experimental results of stress distribution around the implant were obtained by two image processing techniques: Digital Photoelasticity and Digital Image Correlation (DIC). The tests have been modelled by 3D Finite Element Method (FEM). The FEM models have also been used to study the sensitivity of the results to slight changes in geometry or loads, so that the robustness of the experimental techniques can be analyzed. In addition, the realistic bone morphology of the mandible has also been modelled by FEM, including the cortical and trabecular bone property distinctions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A Systematic Study of Restorative Crown-Materials Combinations for Dental Implants: Characterization of Mechanical Properties under Dynamic Loads

This study aimed to find the optimum mechanical characteristics of the restorative materials for the manufacture of implant crowns subjected to impact loading when different combinations of materials are used for the inner and outer crown. Several combinations of external–internal crown restorative materials were analyzed. The dynamic stresses at eight different zones of a dental implant subjected to an impact load and the influence of several mechanical properties, such as the Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, density, and initial velocity, were analyzed and compared. A detailed 3D model was created, including the crown, the retention screw, the implant, and a mandible section. The model was then built by importing the 3D geometries from CAD software. The whole 3D model was carefully created in order to guarantee a finite element mesh that produced results adjusted to physical reality. Then, we conducted a numerical simulation using the finite element method (FEM). The results of the FEM analysis allowed for evaluating the effect that different combinations of restorative materials and mechanical properties had on the stress distribution in various regions of the implant. The choice of restorative material is a factor to be considered in order to preserve the integrity of osseointegration. Restorative materials transfer more or less stress to the dental implant and surrounding bone, depending on their stiffness. Therefore, an inadequate Young’s modulus of the rehabilitation material can affect the survival of the implant over time. Eight interactive graphics were provided on a web-based surface platform to help clinical dentists, researchers, and manufacturers to select the best restorative materials combination for the crown

A 3D finite element analysis model of single implant-supported prosthesis under dynamic impact loading for evaluation of stress in the crown, abutment and cortical bone using different rehabilitation materials

In the literature, many researchers investigated static loading effects on an implant. However, dynamic loading under impact loading has not been investigated formally using numerical methods. This study aims to evaluate, with 3D finite element analysis (3D FEA), the stress transferred (maximum peak and variation in time) from a dynamic impact force applied to a single implant-supported prosthesis made from different materials. A 3D implant-supported prosthesis model was created on a digital model of a mandible section using CAD and reverse engineering. By setting different mechanical properties, six implant-supported prostheses made from different materials were simulated: metal (MET), metal-ceramic (MCER), metal-composite (MCOM), carbon fiber-composite (FCOM), PEEK-composite (PKCOM), and carbon fiber-ceramic (FCCER). Three-dimensional FEA was conducted to simulate the collision of 8.62 g implant-supported prosthesis models with a rigid plate at a speed of 1 m/s after a displacement of 0.01 mm. The stress peak transferred to the crown, titanium abutment, and cortical bone, and the stress variation in time, were assessed.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Bone stress evaluation with and without cortical bone using several dental restorative materials subjected to impact load: a fully 3D transient finite-element study

Previous peri-implantitis, peri-implant bone regeneration, or immediate implant placement postextraction may be responsible for the absence of cortical bone. Single crown materials are then relevant when dynamic forces are transferred into bone tissue and, therefore, the presence (or absence) of cortical bone can affect the long-term survival of the implant. Purpose: the purpose of this study is to assess the biomechanical response of dental rehabilitation when selecting different crown materials in models with and without cortical bone. Methods: several crown materials were considered for modeling six types of crown rehabilitation: full metal (MET), metal-ceramic (MCER), metal-composite (MCOM), peek-composite (PKCOM), carbon fiber-composite (FCOM), and carbon fiber-ceramic (FCCER). An impact-load dynamic finite-element analysis was carried out on all the 3D models of crowns mentioned above to assess their mechanical behavior against dynamic excitation. Implant-crown rehabilitation models with and without cortical bone were analyzed to compare how the load-impact actions affect both type of models. Results: numerical simulation results showed important differences in bone tissue stresses. The results show that flexible restorative materials reduce the stress on the bone and would be especially recommendable in the absence of cortical bone. Conclusions: this study demonstrated that more stress is transferred to the bone when stiffer materials (metal and/or ceramic) are used in implant supported rehabilitations; conversely, more flexible materials transfer less stress to the implant connection. Also, in implant-supported rehabilitations, more stress is transferred to the bone by dynamic forces when cortical bone is absent.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version