Predicting Marital Conflicts in Couples Based on A Systemic Approach Mediated by Personality Traits

AbstractIntroduction: Marital conflicts are among the main factors that threaten marital relations and contribute to conflicts and divorces in Iranian society. The present study has been carried out in order to predict marital conflicts in couples based on a systemic approach mediated by personality traits in the cities of Tehran and Qom.Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population consisted of troubled/struggling couples in Tehran and Qom. The sample consisted of 540 men and women with marital conflict selected by convenience sampling. The research instruments included Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, (NEO) Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), and the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation method and structural equation modeling using SPSS version 22.0 and LISREL version 8.0 software.Results: Results revealed that the hypothetical model fit the measurement model (CFI = 0.97; IFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.088). In addition, the systemic approach components mediated by personality traits were able to explain marital conflicts (P = 0.001). These components indirectly influenced marital conflicts through personality traits (β = -0.38, P = 0.005).Conclusions: Overall, the findings verified the marital conflict model based on a systemic approach mediated by the personality traits

Prediction of Marital Conflicts Based on a Systems Approach with the Mediating Role of Attachment Styles

Background: Attachment style is a major variable in the creation and description of marital problems and has received greater attention in recent years. The traits of secure attachment include constructive emotional interactions and intimate marital relationships. The present study aimed to predict marital conflicts using a problem-centered systems approach with the mediating role of attachment styles among conflicting couples. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the statistical population in this study was the total number of conflicted couples in Tehran and Qom in 2020. The sample included 540 men and women with marital conflict selected by convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Experience in Close Relationship Scale (ECR-S), the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), and the Family Assessment Device (FAD). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation method and structural equation modeling using SPSS version 22.0 and LISREL version 8.0 software. Results: The assessment of the hypothetical model of the research indicated that it was a good fit with the measurement model (CFI>0.90; IFI>0.90; RMSE>0.08). The results demonstrated that the components of the systems approach with the mediating role of attachment styles could explain marital conflicts (P<0.001). These components had an indirect relationship with marital conflicts through attachment styles (β= -0.27, P= 0.01). Conclusion: Based on the results, the proposed model had a good fit. Overall, the findings verified the marital conflict model based on a systemic approach mediated by attachment styles

The relationship between Keller motivation dimensions and personality characteristics in medical students of basic sciences in Iran University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: The educational system of any society is considered the basis for social, economic, political and cultural developments. On the other hand, given the important role of medical students as future therapists and doctors who play significant roles in the health system of any country, understanding the interrelationships between their motivational dimensions and personality characteristics seem necessary to create and promote educational programs. This study intended to do so among medical students at the basic sciences level at Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This was a correlational- descriptive study. The statistical population consisted of all medical students at basic sciences level, from whom 412 were selected through hierarchical cluster sampling method. To collect data, Keller motivation and NEO personality questionnaires were used. Data was analyzed by SPSS software version 24, using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The findings showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between two motivational components of attention and relevance with the neuroticism feature of the personality variable. Also, all four components of motivation have a positive and significant relationship with openness to experience and externality and conscientiousness. Only, the components of attention, communication and trust from the variable of motivation had a positive and significant relationship with the variable of personality. Conclusion: Personality characteristics play a significant role in the creation, continuity and reduction of motivation among individuals; therefore, to increase personal motivation, especially to improve academic achievements, trainings should be in a way that personality characteristics of every individual person are considered

Bio-guided isolation of <i>Centaurea bruguierana</i> subsp. <i>belangerana</i> cytotoxic components

<p><i>Centaurea bruguierana</i> subsp<i>. belangerana</i> was extracted by 80% ethanol. The total extract was then partitioned into four fractions including chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. Cytotoxic effect of fractions was examined by MTT assay in K562 (chronic myelogenous leukemia), AGS (gastric adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma) and SW742 (colon adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The Chloroform fraction, with the lowest LC₅₀ against K-562 cell lines, was partitioned into 14 subfractions and subjected to further purification by reversed-phase (C18) silica gel and sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Three flavonoids including cirsimaritin, cirsilinelol and eupatilin were isolated for the first time from the species and the structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data. The high selectivity index of the purified flavonoids indicates valuable components with potential few side effects for normal cell lines. However, solubility tests for isolated components indicates the need for novel pharmaceutical dosage forms, in the case for using natural flavonoids as chemotherapeutic agents.</p