Etiology and treatment of panic disorder

Over the past decade, there has been much research related to panic disorder. This is probably due to the high prevalence and incapacitating nature of the disorder. In the United States, anxiety-related disorders are the most prevalent clinical disorder (Michelson & Marchione, 1991), and panic disorder is the most frequently diagnosed of the severe anxiety disorders (Leaman, 1992). Individuals who suffer from panic disorder seek professional help more often than individuals who suffer from any other mental disorder (Margraf & Ehlers, 1991). According to Leaman (1992), 3-4% of Americans either currently have, or will have, panic disorder in their lifetimes. Studies have shown that panic attacks are common in the general population, with 10% of adults occasionally experiencing panic attacks {Margraf & Ehlers, 1991). Craske, Rapee, and Barlow (1992) also found the prevalence of panic to be common, with 6-12% of the population experiencing spontaneous episodes of panic

The Los Alamos National Laboratory Chemistry and Metallurgy Research Facility upgrades project - A model for waste minimization

The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Chemistry and Metallurgy Research (CMR) Facility, constructed in 1952, is currently undergoing a major, multi-year construction project. Many of the operations required under this project (i.e., design, demolition, decontamination, construction, and waste management) mimic the processes required of a large scale decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) job and are identical to the requirements of any of several upgrades projects anticipated for LANL and other Department of Energy (DOE) sites. For these reasons the CMR Upgrades Project is seen as an ideal model facility - to test the application, and measure the success of - waste minimization techniques which could be brought to bear on any of the similar projects. The purpose of this paper will be to discuss the past, present, and anticipated waste minimization applications at the facility and will focus on the development and execution of the project`s {open_quotes}Waste Minimization/Pollution Prevention Strategic Plan.{close_quotes

Potential pollution prevention and waste minimization for Department of Energy operations

With the tightening of budgets and limited resources, it is important to ensure operations are carried out in a cost-effective and productive manner. Implementing an effective Pollution Prevention strategy can help to reduce the costs of waste management and prevent harmful releases to the environment. This document provides an estimate of the Department of Energy`s waste reduction potential from the implementation of Pollution Prevention opportunities. A team of Waste Minimization and Pollution Prevention professionals was formed to collect the data and make the estimates. The report includes a list of specific reduction opportunities for various waste generating operations and waste types. A generic set of recommendations to achieve these reduction opportunities is also provided as well as a general discussion of the approach and assumptions made for each waste generating operation

Cell-directed assembly on an integrated nanoelectronic/nanophotonic device for probing cellular responses on the nanoscale.

Our discovery that the introduction of living cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) alters dramatically the evaporation driven self-assembly of lipid-silica nanostructures suggested the formation of novel bio/nano interfaces useful for cellular interrogation at the nanoscale. This one year ''out of the box'' LDRD focused on the localization of metallic and semi-conducting nanocrystals at the fluid, lipid-rich interface between S. cerevisiae and the surrounding phospholipid-templated silica nanostructure with the primary goal of creating Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)-active nanostructures and platforms for cellular integration into electrode arrays. Such structures are of interest for probing cellular responses to the onset of disease, understanding of cell-cell communication, and the development of cell-based bio-sensors. As SERS is known to be sensitive to the size and shape of metallic (principally gold and silver) nanocrystals, various sizes and shapes of nanocrystals were synthesized, functionalized and localized at the cellular surface by our ''cell-directed assembly'' approach. Laser scanning confocal microscopy, SEM, and in situ grazing incidence small angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) experiments were performed to study metallic nanocrystal localization. Preliminary Raman spectroscopy studies were conducted to test for SERS activity. Interferometric lithography was used to construct high aspect ratio cylindrical holes on patterned gold substrates and electro-deposition experiments were performed in a preliminary attempt to create electrode arrays. A new printing procedure was also developed for cellular integration into nanostructured platforms that avoids solvent exposure and may mitigate osmotic stress. Using a different approach, substrates comprised of self-assembled nanoparticles in a phospholipid templated silica film were also developed. When printed on top of these substrates, the cells integrate themselves into the mesoporous silica film and direct organization of the nanoparticles to the cell surface for integration into the cell

Biocompatible self-assembly of nano-materials for Bio-MEMS and insect reconnaissance.

This report summarizes the development of new biocompatible self-assembly procedures enabling the immobilization of genetically engineered cells in a compact, self-sustaining, remotely addressable sensor platform. We used evaporation induced self-assembly (EISA) to immobilize cells within periodic silica nanostructures, characterized by unimodal pore sizes and pore connectivity, that can be patterned using ink-jet printing or photo patterning. We constructed cell lines for the expression of fluorescent proteins and induced reporter protein expression in immobilized cells. We investigated the role of the abiotic/biotic interface during cell-mediated self-assembly of synthetic materials

Studies in infrared spectroscopy

The modernization of a vacuum grating infrared spectrometer is described. Experiments using this spectrometer on N-methyl formamide in the vapor phase are described, and the results are interpreted in terms of the position, shape, and intensity change with temperature of the vibration bands of this substance. It is concluded that N-methyl formamide exists in two isomeric forms in the vapor phase. The less abundant form is the cis isomer which lies 1.4 kcal. above the trans isomer. An echelle-type grating used with this spectrometer is shown to have an unusually wide and flat efficiency curve. This is ascribed to a scattering phenomenon in which both faces of a groove participate. Mathematical analyses based on both the Kirchhoff theory and on the Rayleigh theory are shown to predict the broad region of high efficiency for this grating. An amplifier which is intended to be used with a novel double-beam ratio detection system is described.</p

Notes on coluber calligaster of Say, and a description of a new species of Serpents in the collection of the north Western University of Evanston,Ill

Volume: 11Start Page: 98End Page: 10

On three new forms of rattlesnakes

Volume: 13Start Page: 206End Page: 20