Inventario, ecología y conservación de la Flora y fauna asociadas a la laguna Qoyllururmana, Urcos, Quispicanchi, Cusco, Perú

En 2017 iniciamos una serie de evaluaciones mensuales para entender el estado del agua y los componentes de la vida silvestre en el humedal Qoyllururmana, una investigación orientada a la conservación de este ecosistema acuático andino. La vegetación se determinó in situ y las colecciones sólo se obtuvieron cuando fue necesario, reportando por primera vez la especie: Lophoppapus tarapacanus, para la Región Cusco. La fauna fue registrada con el método de observación directa y se obtuvieron datos sobre los parámetros físico-químicos del agua. Todas las especies fueron registradas a través de fotografías. Se reportan un total de 50 especies de vertebrados y 206 especies vegetales. Las intervenciones realizadas por el municipio local son perjudiciales para la conservación de este humedal urbano. Se sugieren una serie de actividades para conservar la flora, fauna y características ambientales de este ecosistema para el presente y futuras generaciones

Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol

High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries(1,2). However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world(3) and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health(4,5). However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol-which is a marker of cardiovascular riskchanged from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million-4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.Peer reviewe

Microseismicity and tectonics in the Granada Basin (Spain)

20 páginas, 9 figuras, 3 tablas, 2 apéndices.A microseismic experiment carried out in 1994 in the Granada Basin (Spain) permitted the precise recording of more than 80 local earthquakes. The dense distribution of the local network, with 40 to 50 instrumental records for each event, enabled us to have well-controlled hypocenters, and also 10 reliable focal mechanisms. The above observations are interpreted together with topographic data, neotectonics, and sub-surface information. Microtectonic observations in Sierra Elvira, Padul and Zafarraya gave a set of fault planes and striae, which were interpreted in terms of the recent regional stress tensor. The actual stress tensor obtained from the microseismic campaign data gives a regime in radial extension, with σ1 vertical and σ3 oriented NS to NNE. Microtectonic information is coherent with these orientations, but closer to 3-axial extension. A set of 64 mechanisms obtained from the permanent Andalusian network favors a NS orientation for σ3. This results are interpreted in terms of the general model implying the lateral ejection of the Betic ranges towards the Atlantic.This work received support from the Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS, France), the Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN, Spain), and the Instituto Andaluz de Geofisica (IAG).Peer reviewe

Microseismicity surveys of the fault-systems of S. E. Spain

Three microseismicity surveys were carried out in 1982, 1984 and 1985 in south-east Spain. The main survey was in 1984 with 24 seismic recording stations installed during 41 days. A total of 103 earthquakes were recorded with magnitudes between 0.5 and 3.9. Epicenters can be associated to faults in the area, which are shown to be seismically active. Larger activity is concentrated at the southern part of the area. Joint fault plane solutions show mecanism of fault with vertical motion of normal and reverse character.Part of this work has been supported by the DGICT, project PB-86-0431-C05 and the Comité Conjunto Hispano-Norteamericano para la cooperación cientifica y tecnologíca project CCA-8309/009.Peer reviewe