Comportamento eletroquímico e susceptibilidade a corrosão sob tensão do aço ABNT 1080 utilizado em armaduras de concreto protendido

Estudou-se o comportamento à corrosão e à corrosão-sob-tensão do aço eutetóide empregado em concreto protendido utilizando diversas técnicas experimentais, como curvas de polarização, ensaios de tração com velocidades de deformação média, e ensaios fractomecânicos. Utilizou-se como meio, simulando, o que é usualmente encontrado nos poros do concreto, o Ca(OH)2 saturado, contaminado com diversos teores de cloreto e sulfatos. Com fins comparativos, utilizou-se a solução de tiocianato de amônia padronizada para avaliar a susceptibilidade de aços à fragilização por hidrogênio de aços em concreto. A influência de parâmetros como potencial, temperatura (entre 0° e 90 ) e temperatura de revenido, entre outros são avaliados. O mecanismo de ruptura é avaliado tendo o hidrogênio uma participação importante neste processo.The corrosion and stress corrosion behaviour of AISI 1080 steel employed in concrete prestressed tendon was studied with different experimental techniques. A simulated solution usually found in concrete with and without contaminants as chlorides and sulphates was used. For comparison purpose the standard ammonium tiocianate solution was employed in some Polarization tests, constant extention rate tests with intermediate velocities and fractomechanic tests. The influence of parameters like potentiall temperature (between 0° and 90°), temper temperature of the steell was studied. The results showed that the fracture mechanism is associated with hydrogen action in the stress corrosion cracking process

INFLUÊNCIA DO POTENCIAL, E DA PRESENÇA DE Na2S2O3 e Na2S NA FRAGILIZAÇÃO PELO HIDROGÊNIO DO AÇO API 5CT P110 EM ÁGUA DO MAR SINTÉTICA

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2-hydroxyethilammonium oleate protic ionic liquid as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in neutral medium

Protic ionic liquid (PIL) 2‐hydroxyethylammonium oleate (2HEAOl) proved to be a good lubricant for aluminum‐forming processes. However, with the aim of keeping the formed component integrity, it is interesting that the same substance employed during forming does not need to be removed and works out as corrosion inhibitor. Then, the aim of this study was to test the performance of 2HEAOl as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in neutral 0.5 mol/L NaCl medium by electrochemical characterization. Results showed that the concentration of 5 × 10−4 mol/L was a suitable concentration to promote corrosion inhibition until 72 h at the high chloride concentration studied. The PIL worked out as mixed‐type organic corrosion inhibitor, as it promoted the diminution of the oxygen reduction reaction rate and, in consequence, the pit initiation by its adsorption on the metal surface

An amino-based protic ionic liquid as a corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in aqueous chloride solutions

Protic ionic liquids (PILs) have shown to be promising substances as corrosion inhibitors (CIs). In line with this, the aim of this study is to study the performance and propose the corrosion inhibition mechanism of N‐methyl‐2‐ hydroxyethylamine (M‐2HEAOL) and bis‐2‐hidroxyethylamine (B‐HEAOL) oleate, for mild steel, in a neutral chloride solution. Electrochemical characterization was conducted under static and hydrodynamic conditions, and it was revealed that M‐2HEAOL and B‐HEAOL worked as mixed‐type CIs with more interference on the anodic reaction. Inhibition efficiency depended on the concentration reaching 97% of inhibition efficiency in 5 mmol/L concentration. Scanning electron microscopy, optical interferometry, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy are used to elicit the chemical composition of the surface film and corrosion morphology of steel in the presence of CIs, the adsorption processes of which involved physical and chemical adsorption between metal and different parts of ionic liquids. The results allowed the proposition of a corrosion inhibition mechanism

N-methyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium oleate ionic liquid performance as corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in hydrochloric acid medium

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the performance of N‐methyl‐2‐ hydroxyethylammonium oleate ([m‐2HEA][Ol]) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in a 0.1‐mol/L hydrochloric acid solution and also investigate the role of chloride in the inhibition mechanism. This protic ionic liquid (PIL) has formerly shown a high efficiency as a corrosion inhibitor in a neutral chloride medium. Electrochemical and weight loss measurements, surface contact angle determination, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to understand the factors that influence the response of the studied inhibitor. Results revealed that [m‐2HEA][Ol] behaves as a mixed‐type adsorption inhibitor, by blocking cathodic sites and by modifying the activation energy of the anodic reaction, and it can reach up to 94–97% of inhibition efficiency. PIL adsorption was enhanced by the excess of positive charge of the mild steel. The effect of inhibitor molecule has been discussed to propose a mechanism that explains the inhibitory action of the corrosion inhibitor, pointing out the role of chloride in the inhibition mechanism

Método de prevenção da fragilização por hidrogênio de componentes a partir de revestimentos por aspersão térmica

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulEngenhariaDepositad

Ti–Cp : eletrochemical behaviour under slurry erosion wear

The tests were performed using a new equipment, built to simulate aqueous erosion and monitor its electrochemical behaviour. This test was called electrochemical slurry erosion wear method. In this equipment, it is possible to measure the efect of simultaneous erosion wear and electrochemical tests on the passive flm behaviour. This kind of test on titanium was not found in the literature review, until now. The aim of this study was to analyse the behaviour of the passive titanium oxide layer, employing polarization curves simultaneously to the slurry erosion wear, unprecedented in the study of titanium passivity under erosive wear, varying the stirring speed and amount of erodent. Therefore, the hydrodynamic shear stress incurred under diferent stirring speed conditions exerts infuence on the corrosion resistance of commercially pure titanium (Ti–Cp)

Niobium and niobium-iron coatings on API 5LX 70 steel applied with HVOF

The present study aimed to create and characterize niobium and niobium-iron60% coatings applied to steel API 5L X70 using the hypersonic thermal spray process (HVOF). The morphologies of the coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and profilometry, while the coatings’ hardnesses was evaluated using the Vickers hardness test. The coatings’ corrosion resistance was evaluated by monitoring their open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization and performing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 0.05 M NaCl solution. The results showed that the niobium-iron coating contained minor porosity regions, while such defects occurred over large regions of the niobium coating. In terms of corrosion resistance, the coatings obtained in this work promoted a reduction in the substrate’s corrosion rate, but the presence of discontinuities such as porosity compromised the barrier effects of these coatings

A Genetic Animal Model of Alcoholism for Screening Medications to Treat Addiction

The purpose of this review is to present up-to-date pharmacological, genetic, and behavioral findings from the alcohol-preferring P rat and summarize similar past work. Behaviorally, the focus will be on how the P rat meets criteria put forth for a valid animal model of alcoholism with a highlight on its use as an animal model of polysubstance abuse, including alcohol, nicotine, and psychostimulants. Pharmacologically and genetically, the focus will be on the neurotransmitter and neuropeptide systems that have received the most attention: cholinergic, dopaminergic, GABAergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, noradrenergic, corticotrophin releasing hormone, opioid, and neuropeptide Y. Herein, we sought to place the P rat's behavioral and neurochemical phenotypes, and to some extent its genotype, in the context of the clinical literature. After reviewing the findings thus far, this chapter discusses future directions for expanding the use of this genetic animal model of alcoholism to identify molecular targets for treating drug addiction in general