Survey for major grapevine viruses in commercial vineyards of Northwestern Argentina

This study aimed to survey the occurrence of eight grapevine viruses in commercial vine yards located in the Calchaquíes Valleys in the northwest region of Argentina. A total of 103 samples of mature canes of vines showing either none or some viral-like symptoms were randomly collected. The samples were tested by RT-PCR/PCR-based assays for the screening of the following viruses: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV-1, -2, -3, -4), Grapevine virus A (GVA), Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated viruses (GRSPaV), and Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV). Sixty percent of the analyzed samples showed infection with some of the analyzed viruses, except GRBV. GLRaV-3 and GFLV were the most frequent viruses, present in 34% and 21% of the pos itive samples, respectively. This study represents the first survey report of the presence of grapevine viruses in the region of the Calchaquíes Valleys and contributes to the knowledge to maintain the sanitary status of commercial vineyards in Argentina.EEA SaltaFil: Rivadeneria, Monica. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Galvan, Marta Zulema. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Aban, Marina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Aban, Marina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Semke, Rosa Elena. Centro de Desarrollo Vitícola del Valle Calchaquí; ArgentinaFil: Rivadeneria, Josefina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Rivadeneira, Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Lanza Volpe, Melisa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Gomez Talquenca, Gonzalo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentin

Biological Treatment and the Potential Risk of Adverse Postoperative Outcome in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Open-Source Expert Panel Review of the Current Literature and Future Perspectives

Abstract Background There is widespread concern that treatment with biologic agents may be associated with suboptimal postoperative outcome after surgery for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Aim We aimed to search and analyze the literature regarding the potential association of biologic treatment on adverse postoperative outcome in patients with IBD. We used the subject as a case in point for surgical research. The aim was not to conduct a new systematic review. Method This is an updated narrative review written in a collaborative method by authors invited through Twitter via the following hashtags (#OpenSourceResearch and #SoMe4Surgery). The manuscript was presented as slides on Twitter to allow discussion of each section of the paper sequentially. A Google document was created, which was shared across social media, and comments and edits were verified by the primary author to ensure accuracy and consistency. Results Forty-one collaborators responded to the invitation, and a total of 106 studies were identified that investigated the potential association of preoperative biological treatment on postoperative outcome in patients with IBD. Most of these studies were retrospective observational cohorts: 3 were prospective, 4 experimental, and 3 population-based studies. These studies were previously analyzed in 10 systematic/narrative reviews and 14 meta-analyses. Type of biologic agents, dose, drug concentration, antidrug antibodies, interval between last dose, and types of surgery varied widely among the studies. Adjustment for confounders and bias control ranged from good to very poor. Only 10 studies reported postoperative outcome according to Clavien–Dindo classification. Conclusion Although a large number of studies investigated the potential effect of biological treatment on postoperative outcomes, many reported divergent results. There is a need for randomized controlled trials. Future studies should focus on the avoiding the weakness of prior studies we identified. Seeking collaborators and sharing information via Twitter was integral to widening the contributors/authors and peer review for this article and was an effective method of collaboration

The Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia : design, results and future prospects

The impact of many unfavorable childhood traits or diseases, such as low birth weight and mental disorders, is not limited to childhood and adolescence, as they are also associated with poor outcomes in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease. Insight into the genetic etiology of childhood and adolescent traits and disorders may therefore provide new perspectives, not only on how to improve wellbeing during childhood, but also how to prevent later adverse outcomes. To achieve the sample sizes required for genetic research, the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) and EArly Genetics and Lifecourse Epidemiology (EAGLE) consortia were established. The majority of the participating cohorts are longitudinal population-based samples, but other cohorts with data on early childhood phenotypes are also involved. Cohorts often have a broad focus and collect(ed) data on various somatic and psychiatric traits as well as environmental factors. Genetic variants have been successfully identified for multiple traits, for example, birth weight, atopic dermatitis, childhood BMI, allergic sensitization, and pubertal growth. Furthermore, the results have shown that genetic factors also partly underlie the association with adult traits. As sample sizes are still increasing, it is expected that future analyses will identify additional variants. This, in combination with the development of innovative statistical methods, will provide detailed insight on the mechanisms underlying the transition from childhood to adult disorders. Both consortia welcome new collaborations. Policies and contact details are available from the corresponding authors of this manuscript and/or the consortium websites.Peer reviewe

New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms

Heritability and Genome-Wide Association Analyses of Sleep Duration in Children:The EAGLE Consortium

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Low or excessive sleep duration has been associated with multiple outcomes, but the biology behind these associations remains elusive. Specifically, genetic studies in children are scarce. In this study, we aimed to: (1) estimate the proportion of genetic variance of sleep duration in children attributed to common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), (2) identify novel SNPs associated with sleep duration in children, and (3) investigate the genetic overlap of sleep duration in children and related metabolic and psychiatric traits.METHODS: We performed a population-based molecular genetic study, using data form the EArly Genetics and Life course Epidemiology (EAGLE) Consortium. 10,554 children of European ancestry were included in the discovery, and 1,250 children in the replication phase.RESULTS: We found evidence of significant but modest SNP heritability of sleep duration in children (SNP h(2) 0.14, 95% CI [0.05, 0.23]) using the LD score regression method. A novel region at chromosome 11q13.4 (top SNP: rs74506765, P = 2.27e-08) was associated with sleep duration in children, but this was not replicated in independent studies. Nominally significant genetic overlap was only found (rG = 0.23, P = 0.05) between sleep duration in children and type 2 diabetes in adults, supporting the hypothesis of a common pathogenic mechanism.CONCLUSIONS: The significant SNP heritability of sleep duration in children and the suggestive genetic overlap with type 2 diabetes support the search for genetic mechanisms linking sleep duration in children to multiple outcomes in health and disease.</p

Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass

Lean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p < 5 x 10(-8)) or suggestively genome wide (p < 2.3 x 10(-6)). Replication in 63,475 (47,227 of European ancestry) individuals from 33 cohorts for whole body lean body mass and in 45,090 (42,360 of European ancestry) subjects from 25 cohorts for appendicular lean body mass was successful for five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/ near HSD17B11, VCAN, ADAMTSL3, IRS1, and FTO for total lean body mass and for three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/ near VCAN, ADAMTSL3, and IRS1 for appendicular lean body mass. Our findings provide new insight into the genetics of lean body mass

Diseño e implementación de un sitio web para integración de negocios en la red

SOLUCIONES ON LINE S.A. es una empresa dedicada a brindar servicios de e-commerce que busca satisfacer y superar las necesidades y expectativas de nuestros clientes ambicionando así posicionarnos a la vanguardia en nuestra rama. Nosotros como empresa queremos presentar un sitio Web donde se integren diferentes negocios como es la comercialización de flores, libros, peluches, detalles, eventos, en donde nuestros potenciales clientes puedan tener acceso sin necesidad de navegar por muchas páginas en Internet. Constituida actualmente en el mercado y legalmente conformada por tres accionistas principales: Mónica Molina, Luis Camacho e Ismael Armas quienes tienen el desafío de hacer realidad este nuevo proyecto como respuesta a la necesidad que tiene el mercado de encontrar todos estos artículos y servicios en un solo lugar

Informes educación matemática: Ecuador, Perú. Capacity and networking project 2016. International commission on mathematical instruction

Esta investigación pretende visibilizar la condición de la formación inicial y continua de los profesores de matemática en nuestro país desde la época republicana hasta la fecha. Dicha formación en Ecuador no ha seguido una ruta clara de evolución y conceptualización debido al divorcio histórico entre las políticas gubernamentales y la realidad educativa. Aunque las evaluaciones de los docentes de instituciones públicas muestran un grave problema a nivel de dominio de contenidos, las reformas gubernamentales apuntan a reforzar la práctica y la formación ciudadana. El componente cognitivo de matemáticas para los profesores de Educación GeneralBásica es insuficiente para sentar una buena estructura conceptual de los maestros en esta área.Existe un impulso por capacitar a los maestros pero sin la debida estructuración y supervisión. Los esfuerzos aislados y particulares no han logrado convertirse en una verdadera política de Estado que traspasando a los gobiernos de turno logre darle a la educación en matemáticas el sitial que le corresponde como el motor de la transformación científica y tecnológica del país.This research aims to display the preservice and inservice mathematical teacher education con-dition in our country from the republic up to nowadays. The education of mathematic teachersin Ecuador has not followed a clear evolution and conceptualization path given the historicaldivorce between government policies and the educational reality. While evaluations of teachersin public institutions show a serious problem at the level of content mastery, government reformsaim to strengthen practical and civic education. The cognitive component of math teachers inGeneral Basic Education is insufficient to lay a good conceptual structure for teachers in thisarea. There is incentive for training teachers but without proper structuring and monitoring. Isolated and individual efforts have failed to become a true state policy that goes beyond successivegovernments and achieve to give education in mathematics the place it deserves as the engineof scientific and technological transformation of the country

Informe sobre la formación inicial y continua de profesores de matemáticas en el Ecuador

Esta investigación pretende visibilizar la condición de la formación inicial y continua de los profesores de matemática en nuestro país desde la época republicana hasta la fecha. Dicha formación en Ecuador no ha seguido una ruta clara de evolución y conceptualización debido al divorcio histórico entre las políticas gubernamentales y la realidad educativa. Aunque las evaluaciones de los docentes de instituciones públicas muestran un grave problema a nivel de dominio de contenidos, las reformas gubernamentales apuntan a reforzar la práctica y la formación ciudadana. El componente cognitivo de matemáticas para los profesores de Educación General Básica es insuficiente para sentar una buena estructura conceptual de los maestros en esta área. Existe un impulso por capacitar a los maestros pero sin la debida estructuración y supervisión. Los esfuerzos aislados y particulares no han logrado convertirse en una verdadera política de Estado que traspasando a los gobiernos de turno logre darle a la educación en matemáticas el sitial que le corresponde como el motor de la transformación científica y tecnológica del paísThis research aims to display the preservice and inservice mathematical teacher education condition in our country from the republic up to nowadays. The education of mathematic teachers in Ecuador has not followed a clear evolution and conceptualization path given the historical divorce between government policies and the educational reality. While evaluations of teachers in public institutions show a serious problem at the level of content mastery, government reforms aim to strengthen practical and civic education. The cognitive component of math teachers in General Basic Education is insufficient to lay a good conceptual structure for teachers in this area. There is incentive for training teachers but without proper structuring and monitoring. Iso-lated and individual efforts have failed to become a true state policy that goes beyond successive governments and achieve to give education in mathematics the place it deserves as the engine of scientific and technological transformation of the country