Eficiencia en costos en el sistema bancario colombiano: 1989-2003

Este trabajo analiza el comportamiento de la eficiencia en costos de la banca comercial colombiana entre 1989 y 2003 y determina el impacto que tuvieron en ella las reformasfinancieras realizadas en la década de los noventa. Para el cálculo de la eficiencia se utilizó una metodología paramétrica denominada Distribution Free Approach –DFA, mientrasque para la estimación de los determinantes de la eficiencia bancaria se corrió un modelo de regresión lineal utilizando datos de panel. Los resultados muestran que las reformas al sistema financiero sí contribuyeron a aumentar la eficiencia bancaria, pero su efecto no fue duradero, ni se dio en la dimensión esperada, lo cual se debió a que algunas de las medidas contenidas en las reformas no generaron el efecto que se esperaba

Eficiencia en costos en el sistema bancario colombiano: 1989-2003

Este trabajo analiza el comportamiento de la eficiencia en costos de la banca comercial colombiana entre 1989 y 2003 y determina el impacto que tuvieron en ella las reformas financieras realizadas en la década de los noventa. Para el cálculo de la eficiencia se utilizó una metodología paramétrica denominada Distribution Free Approach -DFA, mientras que para la estimación de los determinantes de la eficiencia bancaria se corrió un modelo de regresión lineal utilizando datos de panel. Los resultados muestran que las reformas al sistema financiero sí contribuyeron a aumentar la eficiencia bancaria, pero su efecto no fue duradero, ni se dio en la dimensión esperada, lo cual se debió a que algunas de las medidas contenidas en las reformas no generaron el efecto que se esperabaBancos, instituciones financieras y servicios, información y eficiencia de mercado, sistema bancario colombiano, reformas financieras, modelos con datosde panel.

The Jigsaw Puzzle of Economical Research in the Colombian Caribbean: A Balance from the Past Decade (1996-2005) (in Spanish)

In this article it is realized an inventory of the production of academic and scientific articles about economics in Colombian Caribbean Coast in the last 10 years. The document analyses the scientific production in economics realized in the Caribbean Coast and about the Caribbean Coast, in order to establish a map of the regional economic research and realize an approximation to the accumulated production and the general tendencies of the publications. To accomplish this goal, it was used the JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) Classification System as a platform for completing the puzzle by topics. Among other aspects, the study shows that three non-university institutions are responsible for the 67% of the regional academic production about economics. 40% of total considered production was realized by the 10% of the Caribbean Coast researches. 51% of the JEL Classifications have not being approached by region researches. Finally, there are few institutions with a systemic and deep job in a specific topic, which is why there are many possibilities of specialization for institution that have not defined its research lines and want to be pioneers in some economic analysis topic.Regional Economy; Colombia; Caribbean coast; scientific article

Efectos y canales de transmisión del tipo de cambio sobre la producción sectorial en Colombia

This paper estimates the effect of exchange rate on production in Colombia´s economic sectors for the period 2000-2015. In order to achieve this goal, a panel data regression model is estimated using the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) approach. This technique modifies least squares to account for endogeneity and serial correlation effects that result from cointegration between variables. This research also tries to identify the demand and supply channels that are relevant in the transmission of the effects of exchange rate on sectoral production. The results show that the exchange rate has a significant and positive effect on production in Colombia with an elasticity around 0,7, and the construction and mining sectors being the most responsive to changes in the exchange rate. It was also found that the level of international trade (aggregate demand channel) is the main explanation for the sectoral differences in the impact of the exchange rate on productionEste artículo busca determinar el impacto que tiene el tipo de cambio en el crecimiento de la producción de los sectores de la economía colombiana entre los años 2000 y 2015. Para ello se estimó una regresión con datos de panel utilizando el método de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios Completamente Modificados, el cual permite corregir los problemas de endogeneidad y correlación serial propios de la cointegración entre las variables. Adicionalmente, con esta investigación se pretende identificar los canales, tanto de oferta como de demanda, que son relevantes en la transmisión de los efectos del tipo de cambio a la producción. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el tipo de cambio tiene un efecto significativo y positivo sobre la producción sectorial en Colombia, con una elasticidad alrededor de 0,7, siendo los sectores de la construcción y la minería los que más responden a variaciones en el tipo de cambio. También se encontró que el grado de comercio exterior (canal de demanda agregada) es la principal explicación de las diferencias sectoriales en cuanto al impacto del tipo de cambio sobre la producció

EFICIENCIA EN COSTOS EN EL SISTEMA BANCARIO COLOMBIANO: 1989-2003

Este trabajo analiza el comportamiento de la eficiencia en costos de la banca comercial colombiana entre 1989 y 2003 y determina el impacto que tuvieron en ella las reformasfinancieras realizadas en la década de los noventa. Para el cálculo de la eficiencia se utilizó una metodología paramétrica denominada Distribution Free Approach –DFA, mientrasque para la estimación de los determinantes de la eficiencia bancaria se corrió un modelo de regresión lineal utilizando datos de panel. Los resultados muestran que las reformas al sistema financiero sí contribuyeron a aumentar la eficiencia bancaria, pero su efecto no fue duradero, ni se dio en la dimensión esperada, lo cual se debió a que algunas de las medidas contenidas en las reformas no generaron el efecto que se esperaba

El rompecabezas de la investigación económica en el Caribe colombiano 1996-2005 (in Spanish)

In this article it is realized an inventory of the production of academic and scientific articles about economics in Colombian Caribbean Coast in the last 10 years. The document analyses the scientific production in economics realized in the Caribbean Coast and about the Caribbean Coast, in order to establish a map of the regional economic research and realize an approximation to the accumulated production and the general tendencies of the publications. To accomplish this goal, it was used the JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) Classification System as a platform for completing the puzzle by topics. Among other aspects, the study shows that three non-university institutions are responsible for the 67% of the regional academic production about economics. 40% of total considered production was realized by the 10% of the Caribbean Coast researches. 51% of the JEL Classifications have not being approached by region researches. Finally, there are few institutions with a systemic and deep job in a specific topic, which is why there are many possibilities of specialization for institution that have not defined its research lines and want to be pioneers in some economic analysis topic

Genomic value of isocitrate-dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) in glioma origin and progression (ONCOLGroup)

Las mutaciones heterocigotas del gen que codifica la isocitrato deshidrogenasa (IDH) ocurren con relativa frecuencia en los gliomas; sin embargo, su relevancia durante el desarrollo tumoral es desconocida. Estas alteraciones provocan una pérdida en la afinidad de la enzima por el sustrato, inhibiendo la actividad de la isoforma silvestre de la IDH1 a través de la formación de heterodímeros inactivos. La expresión forzada de la mutación IDH1/2 en cultivos celulares reduce la formación del producto de la enzima, el α-ketoglutarato (α-KG), e incrementa los niveles del factor inducido por la hipoxia tipo 1 (HIF-1α, un elemento de transcripción que facilita el crecimiento tumoral en presencia de bajas concentraciones de oxígeno, hallazgo regulado en parte por el α-KG. La expresión del HIF-1α suele ser mayor entre los gliomas portadores de la mutación IDH, en los que la vía de señalización del HIF está implicada en su progresión. Varios grupos independientes han demostrado el papel que tienen las mutaciones del gen IDH1/2 como marcador pronóstico, especialmente para los pacientes con gliomas de bajo grado y con glioblastomas secundarios que presentan un patrón oligodendroglial. Este conocimiento proporciona una clara oportunidad para mejorar las estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas para los pacientes con gliomas, que en la actualidad no se encuentran dirigidas contra alteraciones moleculares específicas. Este artículo presenta una revisión detallada del papel de las mutaciones del gen IDH en la progresión y el mantenimiento de los gliomas, y explora algunas opciones terapéuticas dirigidas contra este entorno.Revisión de tema22-33Heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) occur in gliomas, but their mechanistic role in tumor development is unknown. Tumor-derived IDH mutations impair the enzyme affinity for its substrate and dominantly inhibit wild-type IDH1 activity through the formation of catalytically inactive heterodimers. Forced expression of mutant IDH1 in cultured cells reduces formation of the enzyme product, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), and increases the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor subunit 1 (HIF-1α, a transcription factor that facilitates tumor growth when oxygen is low and whose stability is regulated by α-KG. HIF-1α levels were higher in human gliomas harboring an IDH1 mutation than in tumors without a mutation, thus, IDH1/2 contributes to tumor progression in part through induction of the HIF-1 pathway. Numerous independent research groups had demonstrated the role of IDH mutations as a prognostic marker, especially for those patients with low grade gliomas and secondary glioblastomas with oligodendroglial pattern. This knowledge indicates great opportunities to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for gliomas, which are not currently targeted at the specific molecular alterations. This paper presents a detailed review of the role of the IDH gene mutations in progression and manteinance of gliomas, and explores some therapeutic options directed against this environment

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV