Els matollars de Doñana, afectats per anomalies climàtiques extremes

L'investigador del CREAF i la UAB Francisco Lloret ha liderat un estudi sobre els efectes d'episodis climàtics extrems en matollars de Doñana. A partir de l'anàlisi d'alguns trets funcionals dels arbustos es podrà fer una millor conservació, gestió i manteniment de les espècies. L'estudi ha comptat amb la col·laboració de l'Institut de Recursos Naturals i Agrobiologia de Sevilla (IRNAS), la Universitat de Còrdova i l'Estació Biològica de Doñana.El investigador del CREAF y la UAB Francisco Lloret ha liderado un estudio sobre los efectos de episodios climáticos extremos en matorrales de Doñana. A partir del análisis de algunos rasgos funcionales de los arbustos se podrá hacer una mejor conservación, gestión y mantenimiento de las especies. El estudio ha contado con la colaboración del Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNA), la Universidad de Córdoba y la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Per què cal conservar els ratpenats?

Els quiròpters són l'únic ordre de mamífers voladors i el segon més diversificat. Això els ha permès ser pràcticament cosmopolites. La gran varietat d'estratègies d'alimentació i de nínxols ecològics ocupats fan que siguin clau en els ecosistemes i puguin ser excel·lents bioindicadors del canvi global. A més, tenen interès econòmic al ser usats com a agents de control biològic

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Descobreixen com afecta a la respiració del sòl la substitució de pinedes per alzinars que provoca el canvi climàtic

El pi roig és l'espècie arbòria amb un rang latitudinal de distribució més gran que abasta des de Sibèria a la península Ibèrica. Un estudi realitzat per investigadors del Museu Nacional de Ciències Naturals i del CREAF descobreixque la mortalitat dels pins per sequera no repercuteix en les emissions de CO2 del sòl forestal. En canvi, si els pins són substituïts per alzines, els sòls emeten gairebé un 36% menys de CO2 en respirar.El pino silvestre es la especie arbórea con un rango latitudinal de distribución mayor que abarca desde Siberia a la península ibérica. Un estudio realizado por investigadores del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales y del CREAF descubre que la mortalidad de los pinos por sequía no repercute en las emisiones de CO2 del suelo forestal. En cambio, si los pinos son sustituidos por encinas, los suelos emiten casi un 36% menos de CO2 al respirar.Scots pine is the tree species with the greatest latitudinal distribution between Siberia and the Iberian Peninsula. A study carried out by researchers from the National Museum of Natural Sciences and CREAF has discovered that the death of these pines due to drought does not affect CO2 emissions from forest soil. However, when the pines are substituted with holm oak the soils emit almost 36% less CO2 through respiration

Descobreixen com afecta a la respiració del sòl la substitució de pinedes per alzinars que provoca el canvi climàtic

El pi roig és l'espècie arbòria amb un rang latitudinal de distribució més gran que abasta des de Sibèria a la península Ibèrica. Un estudi realitzat per investigadors del Museu Nacional de Ciències Naturals i del CREAF descobreixque la mortalitat dels pins per sequera no repercuteix en les emissions de CO2 del sòl forestal. En canvi, si els pins són substituïts per alzines, els sòls emeten gairebé un 36% menys de CO2 en respirar.El pino silvestre es la especie arbórea con un rango latitudinal de distribución mayor que abarca desde Siberia a la península ibérica. Un estudio realizado por investigadores del Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales y del CREAF descubre que la mortalidad de los pinos por sequía no repercute en las emisiones de CO2 del suelo forestal. En cambio, si los pinos son sustituidos por encinas, los suelos emiten casi un 36% menos de CO2 al respirar.Scots pine is the tree species with the greatest latitudinal distribution between Siberia and the Iberian Peninsula. A study carried out by researchers from the National Museum of Natural Sciences and CREAF has discovered that the death of these pines due to drought does not affect CO2 emissions from forest soil. However, when the pines are substituted with holm oak the soils emit almost 36% less CO2 through respiration

Els matollars de Doñana, afectats per anomalies climàtiques extremes

L'investigador del CREAF i la UAB Francisco Lloret ha liderat un estudi sobre els efectes d'episodis climàtics extrems en matollars de Doñana. A partir de l'anàlisi d'alguns trets funcionals dels arbustos es podrà fer una millor conservació, gestió i manteniment de les espècies. L'estudi ha comptat amb la col·laboració de l'Institut de Recursos Naturals i Agrobiologia de Sevilla (IRNAS), la Universitat de Còrdova i l'Estació Biològica de Doñana.El investigador del CREAF y la UAB Francisco Lloret ha liderado un estudio sobre los efectos de episodios climáticos extremos en matorrales de Doñana. A partir del análisis de algunos rasgos funcionales de los arbustos se podrá hacer una mejor conservación, gestión y mantenimiento de las especies. El estudio ha contado con la colaboración del Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNA), la Universidad de Córdoba y la Estación Biológica de Doñana