Le jeu de rôle en bibliothèque: valorisation et médiation d'un fonds de livres de jeu de rôle en bibliothèque de lecture publique

Le présent travail a été réalisé en conclusion du cursus de Bachelor en Sciences de l’Information de la Haute École de Gestion de Genève. Il est réalisé sur un mandat de la Bibliothèque des Jeunes (BJ) de La Chaux-de-Fonds, en association avec la Bibliothèque de la Ville de La Chaux-de-Fonds (BV). Le mandat est lié à la présence d’un fonds de livres de jeu de rôle dans les collections de la BV depuis 2012. Ce fonds n’est pas valorisé au sein des collections et peine à trouver son public. Le mandat vise à explorer la vocation, les possibilités et les contraintes d’une offre de jeu de rôle en bibliothèque de lecture publique. Il s’agit plus spécifiquement, en lien avec le mandat : • De proposer une offre de jeu de rôle cohérente avec les besoins et les contraintes exprimés par la BJ : cette offre pourra s’orienter vers un fonds comme vers des activités de jeu de rôle dans le cadre de la BJ. • De proposer des recommandations pour la valorisation et la médiation du fonds de livres de jeu de rôle de la BV. Pour ce faire, un état de l’art du jeu de rôle en bibliothèque est effectué : la place du jeu en bibliothèque, mais également le jeu de rôle en lui-même sont analysés et expliqués, grâce à une revue de la littérature et des recherches complémentaires sur différents médias et au travers d’entretiens. L’état de l’art propose un volet pratique avec la réalisation de deux enquêtes : • L’une visant à identifier les profils et les moeurs des pratiquants de jeu de rôle. Les résultats sont ensuite analysés pour établir les caractéristiques de ce public ciblé par l’offre de la BV. • L’autre visant à recueillir les retours d’expériences de bibliothèques publiques ayant mis en place une offre de jeu de rôle. Cet examen de réalisations concrètes permet d’identifier des points clés de l’élaboration d’une telle offre. Finalement, d’après les conclusions de l’état de l’art et de l’état des lieux, je proposerai des recommandations concrètes qui devront ensuite permettre aux deux bibliothèques de La Chaux-de-Fonds d’orienter leur offre liée au jeu de rôle. Il s’agira de fournir des pistes de réflexion pour orienter le fonds de la BV vers de nouveaux publics, tel que les jeunes et les familles. Ainsi le fonds pourra s’ouvrir aux publics de la BJ, et cette dernière pourra avoir un outil pour intégrer la pratique du jeu de rôle dans son activité. Je proposerai également des recommandations en lien avec la médiation du fonds, de même que l’organisation d’activités de jeu de rôle dans les deux bibliothèques pour les différents publics et selon différentes modalités

Indole 3-acetic acid, indoxyl sulfate and paracresyl-sulfate do not influence anemia parameters in hemodialysis patients

International audienceBackground: The main reason for anemia in renal failure patients is the insufficient erythropoietin production by the kidneys. Beside erythropoietin deficiency, in vitro studies have incriminated uremic toxins in the pathophysiology of anemia but clinical data are sparse. In order to assess if indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), indoxyl sulfate (IS), and paracresyl sulfate (PCS)-three protein bound uremic toxins-are clinically implicated in end-stage renal disease anemia we studied the correlation between IAA, IS and PCS plasmatic concentrations with hemoglobin and Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents (ESA) use in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Between June and July 2014, we conducted an observational cross sectional study in two hemodialysis center. Three statistical approaches were conducted. First, we compared patients treated with ESA and those not treated. Second, we performed linear regression models between IAA, IS, and PCS plasma concentrations and hemoglobin, the ESA dose over hemoglobin ratio (ESA/Hemoglobin) or the ESA resistance index (ERI). Third, we used a polytomous logistic regression model to compare groups of patients with no/low/high ESA dose and low/high hemoglobin statuses

An Odorant Receptor from the Southern House Mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Sensitive to Oviposition Attractants

Insect odorant receptors (ORs) are heteromers comprised of highly variable odorant-binding subunits associated with one conserved co-receptor. They are potential molecular targets for the development of novel mosquito attractants and repellents. ORs have been identified in the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, and in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti. However, they are still unknown in the Southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, which transmits pathogens that cause human diseases throughout the world, including West Nile Virus in the United States.We have employed a combination of bioinformatics, molecular cloning and electrophysiology approaches to identify and characterize the response profile of an OR in Cx. quinquefasciatus. First, we have unveiled a large multigenic family of one-hundred-fifty-eight putative ORs in this species, including a subgroup of conserved ORs in three mosquito species. Using the Xenopus oocytes expression system, we have determined the response profile of CquiOR2, an antennae-specific OR, which shares high identity with putative orthologs in Anopheles gambiae (AgamOR2) and Aedes aegypti (AaegOR2).We show that CquiOR2 is highly sensitive to indole, an oviposition attractant for Cx. quinquefasciatus. The response profile of CquiOR2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes resembles that of an olfactory receptor neuron housed in the antennal short blunt-tipped sensilla (A2) of Cx. quinquefasciatus, which are natural detectors for oviposition attractants. This first Culex OR de-orphanized is, therefore, a potential molecular target for screening oviposition attractants

Ethylene stimulates growth and affects fatty acid content of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

This set of results shows that the growth of wild type Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was enhanced by exogenous ethylene and inhibited by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a specific inhibitor of ethylene receptors. The fact that the growth of a Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 strain with the ethylene receptor deleted was unaffected by exogenous ethylene, brings additional proof that this is a specific effect of ethylene. The results also confirm previous observations regarding the positive impact of ethylene on the photochemical efficiency of PSII. Additionally, it was observed that exogenous ethylene enhanced accumulation of C16:0 and C18:0 and C18:1 in the wild type strain. Finally, observations were performed regarding the capacity of the wild type strain to biosynthesize ethylene in the culture medium in the presence of methionine. These results and the recent description of an ethylene receptor in Synechocystis should lead to new areas of research in the field of microalgae

Gitelman-Like Syndrome Caused by Pathogenic Variants in mtDNA

Background: Gitelman syndrome is the most frequent hereditary salt-losing tubulopathy characterized by hypokalemic alkalosis and hypomagnesemia. Gitelman syndrome is caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in SLC12A3, encoding the Na+-Cl− cotransporter (NCC) expressed in the distal convoluted tubule. Pathogenic variants of CLCNKB, HNF1B, FXYD2, or KCNJ10 may result in the same renal phenotype of Gitelman syndrome, as they can lead to reduced NCC activity. For approximately 10 percent of patients with a Gitelman syndrome phenotype, the genotype is unknown. Methods: We identified mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in three families with Gitelman-like electrolyte abnormalities, then investigated 156 families for variants in MT-TI and MT-TF, which encode the transfer RNAs for phenylalanine and isoleucine. Mitochondrial respiratory chain function was assessed in patient fibroblasts. Mitochondrial dysfunction was induced in NCC-expressing HEK293 cells to assess the effect on thiazide-sensitive 22Na+ transport. Results: Genetic investigations revealed four mtDNA variants in 13 families: m.591C>T (n=7), m.616T>C (n=1), m.643A>G (n=1) (all in MT-TF), and m.4291T>C (n=4, in MT-TI). Variants were near homoplasmic in affected individuals. All variants were classified as pathogenic, except for m.643A>G, which was classified as a variant of uncertain significance. Importantly, affected members of six families with an MT-TF variant additionally suffered from progressive chronic kidney disease. Dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation complex IV and reduced maximal mitochondrial respiratory capacity were found in patient fibroblasts. In vitro pharmacological inhibition of complex IV, mimicking the effect of the mtDNA variants, inhibited NCC phosphorylation and NCC-mediated sodium uptake. Conclusion: Pathogenic mtDNA variants in MT-TF and MT-TI can cause a Gitelman-like syndrome. Genetic investigation of mtDNA should be considered in patients with unexplained Gitelman syndrome-like tubulopathies

Distinct Expression Profiles and Different Functions of Odorant Binding Proteins in Nilaparvata lugens Stål

Background: Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) play important roles in insect olfaction. The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Sta˚l (Delphacidae, Auchenorrhyncha, Hemiptera) is one of the most important rice pests. Its monophagy (only feeding on rice), wing form (long and short wing) variation, and annual long distance migration (seeking for rice plants of high nutrition) imply that the olfaction would play a central role in BPH behavior. However, the olfaction related proteins have not been characterized in this insect. Methodology/Principal Findings: Full length cDNA of three OBPs were obtained and distinct expression profiles were revealed regarding to tissue, developmental stage, wing form and gender for the first time for the species. The results provide important clues in functional differentiation of these genes. Binding assays with 41 compounds demonstrated that NlugOBP3 had markedly higher binding ability and wider binding spectrum than the other two OBPs. Terpenes and Ketones displayed higher binding while Alkanes showed no binding to the three OBPs. Focused on NlugOBP3, RNA interference experiments showed that NlugOBP3 not only involved in nymph olfaction on rice seedlings, but also had non-olfactory functions, as it was closely related to nymph survival. Conclusions: NlugOBP3 plays important roles in both olfaction and survival of BPH. It may serve as a potential target fo

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

Freins et appréhensions à être ou devenir maître de stage

La maîtrise de stage est un élément clé de la formation en médecine générale. Cette thèse s'appuie sur une enquête s intéressant aux freins et appréhensions à être ou devenir maître de stage. Elle a pour objectif de cerner les craintes des médecins généralistes concernant la maîtrise de stage et d'apporter les réponses les plus adaptées afin de maintenir, voir d'améliorer la formation ambulatoire en médecine générale. L'enquête initiée en Dordogne de Novembre à Décembre 2010 par le Conseil de l'Ordre des Médecins de Dordogne sous l'impulsion du Dr HAMMEL, puis étendue à l'Aquitaine d'avril à mai 2012 grâce au Département de Médecine Générale de Bordeaux, sous l'influence du Pr GAY et de la collaboration des Conseils de l'Ordre des Médecins d'Aquitaine a été envoyée à tous les médecins généralistes en activité régulière en Aquitaine. Le taux global de réponses a été de 39,11% (1547 réponses sur 3955 envois). Un peu moins de 20% des médecins répondeurs sont déjà maîtres de stage. 54% ne désirent pas le devenir. Néanmoins, plus de 80% pensent que le stage chez le praticien encourage à l'exercice libéral. Pour 59%, le partage d'expérience d'un confrère n'incite pas à le devenir. Les appréhensions prédominantes sont les craintes d'une perte de temps et d'une gêne dans la relation au patient. Ces deux points pourraient être des pistes sur lesquelles travailler afin d'amoindrir ces obstacles. Bien qu'un peu plus de la moitié ne désire pas d'informations complémentaires, la FMC est la forme à privilégier en Aquitaine, reflet d'un probable désire de partage. Ce travail à échelle régionale aide ainsi en partie à appréhender les directions vers lesquelles s'orienter afin de pérenniser la formation ambulatoire en médecine générale.BORDEAUX1-Bib.electronique (335229901) / SudocSudocFranceF