Discovery of Biotite-Bearing Schists Blocks in the Garnet Zone of the Sambagawa Belt of the Asemi District: an Evidence of Tectonic Erosion of Hanging Wall Rocks by Subducting Sediments

Biotite-bearing schists have been discovered in the garnet zone (Fuyunose nappe) of the Sambagawa belt of the Asemi district, central Shikoku, which is covered by the biotite zone (Saruta nappe II and Saruta nappe I). The biotite-bearing schists (subunit II schists of the Fuyunose nappe) are pelitic schists, siliceous schists and basic schists and have plagioclase porphyroblasts, which crystallized during the prograde phase of metamorphism, like the case of the Saruta nappe (I +II) schists. They occur as lenses in the biotite-free schists (subunit I schists of the Fuyunose nappe) which have plagioclase porphyroblasts of the rerograde phase. Amphibole, which crystallized in hematite-bearing basic schists of the subunit I of the Fuyunose nappe during the peak metamorphism, is glaucophane. Biotite of the subunit II schists is commonly found only in plagioclase porphyroblasts, and the inclusion biotite in hematite-bearing siliceous schists of the subunit II occurs together with barroisite, katophorite and taramite. Barroisite of the subunit II schists, which crystallized together with biotite, have distinctly lower values of NaB content than that of the prograde phase of the Saruta nappe (I +II) schists (biotite zone schists) and than that of the retrograde phase of the subunit ( I +II ) schists, showing that the subunit II schists were derived from shallow tectonic positions of subduction zone. The subunit II schists had already been intermingled with the subunit I schists when the peak metamorphism of the latter had begun. It has been concluded in this paper that the origin of the subunit II schists is ascribed to the tectonic erosion and subduction of the hanging wall rocks [probably low pressure parts of the Saruta nappe ( I +II ) schists] of the subduction zone during the subduction of the original sediments for the subunit I schists,which induced great decrease of temperature along the subduction channel

Acid Dissociation Equilibrium and Singlet Molecular Oxygen Quantum Yield of Acetylated 6,8–Dithioguanosine in Aqueous Buffer Solution

2’,3’,5’–Tri–O–acetyl–6,8–dithioguanosine (taDTGuo) is a modified nucleoside of drug 6–thioguanine and further developed as a potential photochemotherapeutic agent due to its desirable properties of photosensitivity to UVA light and singlet molecular oxygen generation. The photochemical characteristics of taDTGuo under biological conditions (namely in aqueous solution) were intensively investigated by the steady–state absorption and emission, time–resolved near–infrared emission measurements, and quantum chemical calculations. taDTGuo was found to be held in sequential acid dissociation equilibria within pH 3.79–11.93. With the global fitting analysis of the absorption spectra at various pHs, two pKa values of the equilibria were determined to be 7.02 ± 0.01 and 9.79 ± 0.01. Quantum chemical calculations suggested that its mono– and di–anionic species in the ground state should be 1–imide anionic form (N1–taDTGuo–) and 1,7–di–imide anionic form (taDTGuo2–) respectively. taDTGuo generates singlet molecular oxygen effectively and has pH–dependent quantum yields. In conclusion, taDTGuo would be most useful as a potent agent for photochemotherapy under certain carcinomatous pH conditions

Seed Germination Response to Storage Conditions of Eriocaulon heleocharioides (Eriocaulaceae), an Extinct Species in the Wild

Abstract Seed germination experiments with Eriocaulon heleocharioides Satake (Eriocaulaceae) were performed to investigate the effect of air exposure on seeds during the storage period. Although the seeds germinated both above and under water, the response and durability of germination differed from each other. Moreover, the seeds that were dried for 1 month and sown in water showed the highest germination rate (84.4%) among all combinations of conditions. This result shows that treatment by drying prior to sowing promotes the germination of this species

Optimizing the timing of 3.6 mg Pegfilgrastim Administration for Dose-Dense Chemotherapy in Japanese Patients with Breast Cancer

Perioperative dose-dense chemotherapy (DDCT) with pegfilgrastim (Peg) prophylaxis is a standard treatment for high-risk breast cancer. We explored the optimal timing of administration of 3.6 mg Peg, the dose approved in Japan. In the phase II feasibility study of DDCT (adriamycin+cyclophosphamide or epirubicin+cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel) for breast cancer, we investigated the feasibility, safety, neutrophil transition, and optimal timing of Peg treatment by administering Peg at days 2, 3, and 4 post-chemotherapy (P2, P3, and P4 groups, respectively). Among the 52 women enrolled, 13 were aged > 60 years. The anthracycline sequence was administered to P2 (n=33), P3 (n=5), and P4 (n=14) patients, and the taxane sequence to P2 (n=38) and P3 (n=6) patients. Both sequences showed no interaction between Peg administration timing and treatment discontinuation, treatment delay, or dose reduction. However, the relative dose intensity (RDI) was significantly different among the groups. The neutrophil count transition differed significantly among the groups receiving the anthracycline sequence. However, the neutrophil count remained in the appropriate range for both sequences in the P2 group. The timing of Peg administration did not substantially affect the feasibility or safety of DDCT. Postoperative day 2 might be the optimal timing for DDCT

高齢糖尿病患者のインスリン注射継続のための支援と課題─文献レビューを通して─

インスリン注射を必要とする高齢糖尿病患者は増加しているものの、加齢による身体・認知機能の低下と現代の家族形態の変化は治療の継続を困難にすると考えられ、看護上の課題としても重要である。そこで、医学中央雑誌web(ver.4)にて2001～2011年の文献について、糖尿病、高齢者、インスリン、自己注射、看護、独居をキーワードに検索し、18文献から高齢糖尿病患者のインスリン注射の継続の支援および課題について検討した。高齢糖尿病患者のインスリン注射の継続のためには、個々に応じた繰り返しの指導と経年的なフォローアップ、さらに家族の支援が得にくい認知症患者の場合には注射回数やインスリン製剤の種類・投与単位を簡易化して管理しやすくすることと、手技やインスリン残量の確認といった在宅療養支援が必要である。課題としては、在宅や施設での療養支援にむけた医療・福祉職者等の職種間連携の促進とそのための研究の必要性が明らかとなった。&nbsp

Orchestrated ensemble activities constitute a hippocampal memory engram

The brain stores and recalls memories through a set of neurons, termed engram cells. However, it is unclear how these cells are organized to constitute a corresponding memory trace. We established a unique imaging system that combines Ca2+ imaging and engram identification to extract the characteristics of engram activity by visualizing and discriminating between engram and non-engram cells. Here, we show that engram cells detected in the hippocampus display higher repetitive activity than non-engram cells during novel context learning. The total activity pattern of the engram cells during learning is stable across post-learning memory processing. Within a single engram population, we detected several sub-ensembles composed of neurons collectively activated during learning. Some sub-ensembles preferentially reappear during post-learning sleep, and these replayed sub-ensembles are more likely to be reactivated during retrieval. These results indicate that sub-ensembles represent distinct pieces of information, which are then orchestrated to constitute an entire memory

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV