Homotopy invariance of Nisnevich sheaves with Milnor-Witt transfers

The category of finite Milnor-Witt correspondences, introduced by Calm\`es and Fasel, provides a new type of correspondences closer to the motivic homotopy theoretic framework than Suslin-Voevodsky's correspondences. A fundamental result of the theory of ordinary correspondences concerns homotopy invariance of sheaves with transfers, and in the present paper we address this question in the setting of Milnor-Witt correspondences. Employing techniques due to Druzhinin, Fasel-{\O}stv{\ae}r and Garkusha-Panin, we show that homotopy invariance of presheaves with Milnor-Witt transfers is preserved under Nisnevich sheafification

On Modules Over Motivic Ring Spectra

In this note, we provide an axiomatic framework that characterizes the stable $\infty$-categories that are module categories over a motivic spectrum. This is done by invoking Lurie's $\infty$-categorical version of the Barr--Beck theorem. As an application, this gives an alternative approach to R\"ondigs and \O stv\ae r's theorem relating Voevodsky's motives with modules over motivic cohomology, and to Garkusha's extension of R\"ondigs and \O stv\ae r's result to general correspondence categories, including the category of Milnor-Witt correspondences in the sense of Calm\`es and Fasel. We also extend these comparison results to regular Noetherian schemes over a field (after inverting the residue characteristic), following the methods of Cisinski and D\'eglise.Comment: 18 pages, v3. Referee report incorporated, Cor 5.8 made conditional on an \infty-categorical construction of E-correspondences, various minor changes. Submitted. Comments welcome

Remarks on classical number theoretic aspects of Milnor-Witt K-theory

We record a few observations on number theoretic aspects of Milnor-Witt K-theory, focusing on generalizing classical results on reciprocity laws, Hasse's norm theorem and K_2 of number fields and rings of integers.Comment: 17 pages, comments welcom

Cohomological correspondence categories

We prove that homotopy invariance and cancellation properties are satisfied by any linear category of correspondences that is defined, via Calm\`es and Fasel's construction, by an underlying cohomology theory. In particular, this includes any category of correspondences arising from the cohomology theory defined by an MSL-algebra

‘The Lay Gaze’—Rural Norwegian men’s assessment of others’ health based on pictures

In this article, we explore lay men's understanding of the relationship between other's bodily appearance and health— ‘the Lay Gaze’. We applied the theoreti-cal concepts of biopower, medical gaze, bodyism and healthism— the ideology where one feature is that a slim body is equivalent to a healthy body— and interviewed 18 adult and elderly men in rural Norway, representing a heterogeneous group regarding age, ethnicity and educa-tion. To explore the interviewees’ subjective perception or ‘gaze’, the interviewees were presented with eight pic-tures of different people. Our main findings were, first, that the sample of a relatively heterogeneous group of adult and elderly lay men in rural Norway talk similarly about body appearance and health and follow the heal-thism discourse with an embedded association between body appearance and health assessment. Second, we found some variation regarding how interviewees define other standards for the elderly and black people.publishedVersio

Different men – similar meanings. Rural Norwegian men’s constructions of meanings related to health, body and physical activity

This paper aims to provide an understanding of why a group of middle-aged and elderly rural Norwegian men with heterogeneous backgrounds largely express homogeneous meanings related to health, body and physical activity. Data was generated through 18 in-depth interviews with men of different age, varying ethnicity and with different levels of education. With Bourdieu’s theory of practice and Connell’s theory of hegemonic masculinity as theoretical framework, the discussion focuses on how the construction and expression of these understandings is formed by the context in which the men live their lives and by dominating masculine ideals. We argue that the men’s meanings related to health, body and physical activity are practices through which they accumulate and display several forms of capital – also masculine capital. Not only does the volume of masculine capital a man holds, position him in the social space, it also positions him in the local masculine hierarchy.publishedVersio

Systemic complement activation is associated with respiratory failure in COVID-19 hospitalized patients

The new SARS-CoV-2 pandemic leads to COVID-19 with respiratory failure, substantial morbidity, and significant mortality. Overactivation of the innate immune response is postulated to trigger this detrimental process. The complement system is a key player in innate immunity. Despite a few reports of local complement activation, there is a lack of evidence that the degree of systemic complement activation occurs early in COVID-19 patients, and whether this is associated with respiratory failure. This study shows that a number of complement activation products are systemically, consistently, and long-lastingly increased from admission and during the hospital stay. Notably, the terminal sC5b-9 complement complex was associated with respiratory failure. Thus, complement inhibition is an attractive therapeutic approach for treatment of COVD-19

Eclogite-facies shear zones--deep crustal reflectors?

Strongly foliated eclogite-facies rocks in 30-150 m thick shear zones of Caledonian age occur within a Grenvillian garnet granulite-facies gabbro-anorthosite terrain in the Bergen Arcs of Norway. The predominant eclogite-facies mineral assemblages in the shear zones are omphacite + garnet + zoisite + kyanite in gabbroic anorthosite and omphacite + garnet in gabbro. Eclogite-facies rocks in shear zones are generally fine-grained; alternating omphacite/garnet- and kyanite/clinozoisite-rich layers define gneissic layering. A strong shape preferred orientation of omphacite, kyanite, and white mica (phengitic muscovite and/or paragonite) define the foliation. The anorthositic eclogites show omphacite b-axis maxima approximately normal to the foliation and c-axis girdles within the foliation plane. P-wave velocities (Vp) determined at confining pressures to 600 MPa for samples from eclogite-facies shear zones range from 8.3 to 8.5 km s-1 and anisotropy ranges from 1 to 7%. The few samples with more pronounced anisotropy tend to be approximately transversely isotropic with minimum velocities for propagation directions normal to foliation and maximum velocities for propagation directions parallel to foliation. The fast propagation direction lies within the c-axis girdles (parallel to foliation) and the slow propagation direction is parallel to the b-axis concentration (normal to foliation) in samples for which omphacite crystallographic preferred orientation was determined. Vp for the granulite-facies protoliths average about 7.5 km s-1. High calculated reflection coefficients for these shear zones, 0.04-0.14, indicate that they are excellent candidates for deep crustal reflectors in portions of crust that experienced high-pressure conditions but escaped thermal reactivation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/31633/1/0000567.pd

Which method is best for the induction of labour?: A systematic review, network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis

Background: More than 150,000 pregnant women in England and Wales have their labour induced each year. Multiple pharmacological, mechanical and complementary methods are available to induce labour. Objective: To assess the relative effectiveness, safety and cost-effectiveness of labour induction methods and, data permitting, effects in different clinical subgroups. Methods: We carried out a systematic review using Cochrane methods. The Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group’s Trials Register was searched (March 2014). This contains over 22,000 reports of controlled trials (published from 1923 onwards) retrieved from weekly searches of OVID MEDLINE (1966 to current); Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library); EMBASE (1982 to current); Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (1984 to current); ClinicalTrials.gov; the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Portal; and hand-searching of relevant conference proceedings and journals. We included randomised controlled trials examining interventions to induce labour compared with placebo, no treatment or other interventions in women eligible for third-trimester induction. We included outcomes relating to efficacy, safety and acceptability to women. In addition, for the economic analysis we searched the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and Economic Evaluations Databases, NHS Economic Evaluation Database and the Health Technology Assessment database. We carried out a network meta-analysis (NMA) using all of the available evidence, both direct and indirect, to produce estimates of the relative effects of each treatment compared with others in a network. We developed a de novo decision tree model to estimate the cost-effectiveness of various methods. The costs included were the intervention and other hospital costs incurred (price year 2012–13). We reviewed the literature to identify preference-based utilities for the health-related outcomes in the model. We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios, expected costs, utilities and net benefit. We represent uncertainty in the optimal intervention using cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Results: We identified 1190 studies; 611 were eligible for inclusion. The interventions most likely to achieve vaginal delivery (VD) within 24 hours were intravenous oxytocin with amniotomy [posterior rank 2; 95% credible intervals (CrIs) 1 to 9] and higher-dose (≥ 50 μg) vaginal misoprostol (rank 3; 95% CrI 1 to 6). Compared with placebo, several treatments reduced the odds of caesarean section, but we observed considerable uncertainty in treatment rankings. For uterine hyperstimulation, double-balloon catheter had the highest probability of being among the best three treatments, whereas vaginal misoprostol (≥ 50 μg) was most likely to increase the odds of excessive uterine activity. For other safety outcomes there were insufficient data or there was too much uncertainty to identify which treatments performed ‘best’. Few studies collected information on women’s views. Owing to incomplete reporting of the VD within 24 hours outcome, the cost-effectiveness analysis could compare only 20 interventions. The analysis suggested that most interventions have similar utility and differ mainly in cost. With a caveat of considerable uncertainty, titrated (low-dose) misoprostol solution and buccal/sublingual misoprostol had the highest likelihood of being cost-effective. Limitations: There was considerable uncertainty in findings and there were insufficient data for some planned subgroup analyses. Conclusions: Overall, misoprostol and oxytocin with amniotomy (for women with favourable cervix) is more successful than other agents in achieving VD within 24 hours. The ranking according to safety of different methods was less clear. The cost-effectiveness analysis suggested that titrated (low-dose) oral misoprostol solution resulted in the highest utility, whereas buccal/sublingual misoprostol had the lowest cost. There was a high degree of uncertainty as to the most cost-effective intervention