35 research outputs found
Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019 : a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbas KM
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasifard M
- Abbastabar H
- Abd El Razek HM
- Abd El Razek MM
- Abd-Allah F
- Abdelalim A
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdullah KH
- Abolhassani H
- Abreu LG
- Abrigo MRM
- Abushouk AI
- Adabi M
- Adair T
- Adebayo OM
- Adedeji IA
- Adekanmbi V
- Adeoye AM
- Adetokunboh OO
- Advani SM
- Afshin A
- Aghaali M
- Agrawal A
- Ahmadi K
- Ahmadieh H
- Ahmed MB
- Al-Aly Z
- Al-Mekhlafi HM
- Alam K
- Alam T
- Alanezi FM
- Alanzi TM
- Alcalde-Rabanal JE
- Ali M
- Alicandro G
- Alijanzadeh M
- Alinia C
- Alipour V
- Alizade H
- Aljunid SM
- Allebeck P
- Almadi MAH
- Almasi-Hashiani A
- Altirkawi KA
- Alumran AK
- Alvis-Guzman N
- Amini-Rarani M
- Aminorroaya A
- Amit AML
- Ancuceanu R
- Andrei CL
- Androudi S
- Angus C
- Anjomshoa M
- Ansari F
- Ansari I
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Antonio CAT
- Antony CM
- Anvari D
- Appiah SCY
- Arab-Zozani M
- Arabloo J
- Aravkin AY
- Aremu O
- Arnlov J
- Aryal KK
- Asadi-Pooya AA
- Asgari S
- Atteraya MS
- Ausloos M
- Avila-Burgos L
- Avokpaho EFGA
- Ayano G
- Ayanore MA
- Azarian G
- Babaee E
- Badiye AD
- Bagli E
- Bahrami MA
- Bakhtiari A
- Balassyano S
- Bali AO
- Banach M
- Bandpei MAM
- Banik PC
- Barker-Collo SL
- Barnighausen TW
- Barzegar A
- Basu S
- Baune BT
- Bayati M
- Bazmandegan G
- Bedi N
- Bell ML
- Bennett DA
- Bensenor IM
- Berhe K
- Berman AE
- Bertolacci GJ
- Bhageerathy R
- Bhala N
- Bhattacharyya K
- Bhutta ZA
- Bijani A
- Bin Zaman S
- Biondi A
- Bisanzio D
- Bisignano C
- Biswas RK
- Bjrge T
- Bohlouli S
- Bohluli M
- Bolla SRR
- Borzi AM
- Borzouei S
- Brady OJ
- Braithwaite D
- Brauer M
- Briko AN
- Briko NI
- Bumgarner BR
- Butt ZA
- Cai T
- Callender CSKH
- Camera LLAA
- Campos-Nonato IR
- Car LT
- Cardenas R
- Carreras G
- Carrero JJ
- Carvalho F
- Castaldelli-Maia JM
- Castelpietra G
- Castro F
- Catala-Lopez F
- Cederroth CR
- Cerin E
- Chattu VK
- Chin KL
- Chu D-T
- Ciobanu LG
- Cirillo M
- Comfort H
- Costa VM
- Cowden RG
- Cromwell EA
- Croneberger AJ
- Cunningham M
- D'Amico E
- da Silva DD
- Dahlawi SMA
- Damiani G
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- das Neves J
- Davletov K
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- Defo BK
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- Deribe K
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- Desai R
- Dhungana GP
- Diaz D
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- Djalalinia S
- Do HT
- Dokova K
- Doku DT
- Dorostkar F
- dos Santos FLC
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- Doyle KE
- Dubljanin E
- Duraes AR
- Edvardsson D
- Effiong A
- El Sayed I
- El Tantawi M
- El-Jaafary SI
- Elbarazi I
- Emamian MH
- Eskandarieh S
- Esmaeilzadeh F
- Estep K
- Farahmand M
- Faraj A
- Fareed M
- Faridnia R
- Faro A
- Farzadfar F
- Fattahi N
- Fazaeli AA
- Fazlzadeh M
- Feigin VL
- Fereshtehnejad S-M
- Fernandes E
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- Filip I
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- Fukumoto T
- Fuller JE
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- Gallus S
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- Gebremedhin KB
- Gething PW
- Ghamari F
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- Haagsma JA
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- Halvaei I
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- Imani-Nasab MH
- Islam M
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- Iwu CJ
- Jaafari J
- Jacobsen KH
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- Kravchenko MA
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- Mapoma CC
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- Masaka A
- Mastrogiacomo CI
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- Mehta KM
- Meitei WB
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- Mendoza W
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- Meretoja A
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- Michalek IM
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- Mills EJ
- Milne GJ
- Mirrakhimov EM
- Mirzaei H
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- Mirzaei-Alavijeh M
- Misganaw AT
- Moazen B
- Moghadam TZ
- Moghadaszadeh M
- Moghaddam SS
- Mohamadi E
- Mohammad DK
- Mohammad Y
- Mohammadbeigi A
- Mohammadian-Hafshejani A
- Mohammadpourhodki R
- Mohammed H
- Mohammed S
- Mohebi F
- Mokari A
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- Momen NC
- Monasta L
- Mooney MD
- Moradi G
- Moradi M
- Moradi-Joo M
- Moradi-Lakeh M
- Moradzadeh R
- Moraga P
- Morgado-da-Costa J
- Morrison SD
- Mosser JF
- Motlagh SN
- Mouodi S
- Mousavi SM
- Mueller UO
- Murray CJL
- Musa KI
- Muthupandian S
- Nabavizadeh B
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- Nagarajan AJ
- Naghavi M
- Naghshtabrizi B
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- Quintanilla BPA
- Rabiee M
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- Shamsi M
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- Ziapour A
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
Background Accurate and up-to-date assessment of demographic metrics is crucial for understanding a wide range of social, economic, and public health issues that affect populations worldwide. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 produced updated and comprehensive demographic assessments of the key indicators of fertility, mortality, migration, and population for 204 countries and territories and selected subnational locations from 1950 to 2019. Methods 8078 country-years of vital registration and sample registration data, 938 surveys, 349 censuses, and 238 other sources were identified and used to estimate age-specific fertility. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) was used to generate age-specific fertility rates for 5-year age groups between ages 15 and 49 years. With extensions to age groups 10-14 and 50-54 years, the total fertility rate (TFR) was then aggregated using the estimated age-specific fertility between ages 10 and 54 years. 7417 sources were used for under-5 mortality estimation and 7355 for adult mortality. ST-GPR was used to synthesise data sources after correction for known biases. Adult mortality was measured as the probability of death between ages 15 and 60 years based on vital registration, sample registration, and sibling histories, and was also estimated using ST-GPR. HIV-free life tables were then estimated using estimates of under-5 and adult mortality rates using a relational model life table system created for GBD, which closely tracks observed age-specific mortality rates from complete vital registration when available. Independent estimates of HIV-specific mortality generated by an epidemiological analysis of HIV prevalence surveys and antenatal clinic serosurveillance and other sources were incorporated into the estimates in countries with large epidemics. Annual and single-year age estimates of net migration and population for each country and territory were generated using a Bayesian hierarchical cohort component model that analysed estimated age-specific fertility and mortality rates along with 1250 censuses and 747 population registry years. We classified location-years into seven categories on the basis of the natural rate of increase in population (calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate) and the net migration rate. We computed healthy life expectancy (HALE) using years lived with disability (YLDs) per capita, life tables, and standard demographic methods. Uncertainty was propagated throughout the demographic estimation process, including fertility, mortality, and population, with 1000 draw-level estimates produced for each metric. Findings The global TFR decreased from 2.72 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2.66-2.79) in 2000 to 2.31 (2.17-2.46) in 2019. Global annual livebirths increased from 134.5 million (131.5-137.8) in 2000 to a peak of 139.6 million (133.0-146.9) in 2016. Global livebirths then declined to 135.3 million (127.2-144.1) in 2019. Of the 204 countries and territories included in this study, in 2019, 102 had a TFR lower than 2.1, which is considered a good approximation of replacement-level fertility. All countries in sub-Saharan Africa had TFRs above replacement level in 2019 and accounted for 27.1% (95% UI 26.4-27.8) of global livebirths. Global life expectancy at birth increased from 67.2 years (95% UI 66.8-67.6) in 2000 to 73.5 years (72.8-74.3) in 2019. The total number of deaths increased from 50.7 million (49.5-51.9) in 2000 to 56.5 million (53.7-59.2) in 2019. Under-5 deaths declined from 9.6 million (9.1-10.3) in 2000 to 5.0 million (4.3-6.0) in 2019. Global population increased by 25.7%, from 6.2 billion (6.0-6.3) in 2000 to 7.7 billion (7.5-8.0) in 2019. In 2019, 34 countries had negative natural rates of increase; in 17 of these, the population declined because immigration was not sufficient to counteract the negative rate of decline. Globally, HALE increased from 58.6 years (56.1-60.8) in 2000 to 63.5 years (60.8-66.1) in 2019. HALE increased in 202 of 204 countries and territories between 2000 and 2019. Interpretation Over the past 20 years, fertility rates have been dropping steadily and life expectancy has been increasing, with few exceptions. Much of this change follows historical patterns linking social and economic determinants, such as those captured by the GBD Socio-demographic Index, with demographic outcomes. More recently, several countries have experienced a combination of low fertility and stagnating improvement in mortality rates, pushing more populations into the late stages of the demographic transition. Tracking demographic change and the emergence of new patterns will be essential for global health monitoring. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe
Laparoscopy in management of appendicitis in high-, middle-, and low-income countries: a multicenter, prospective, cohort study.
- Author
- Abantanga F
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- Ibrahim I
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- Ingabire JDLCA
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- Iqbal FM
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- Lakhani SM
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- Macfarlane A
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- Mclean AL
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- Mcnish D
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- Mendoza I
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- Menshawy A
- Mentula P
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- Messa Aguilar WL
- Metwally MM
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- Mijuskovic B
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- Mustafa M-A
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- Nair H
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- Naranjo Aristizabal FA
- Narvestad JK
- Nashaat A
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- Neophytou C
- Nepogodiev D
- Nesaratnam A
- Newton T
- Ng S
- Ngayu N
- Ngwa TE
- Nighat B
- Nigo S
- Nikoloudis N
- Niragire A
- Niyirera E
- Nnajiuba H
- Nocito A
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- Normile C
- North AS
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- Odeyemi B
- Oefner D
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- Palkhi EYA
- Palliyil MM
- Palma AF
- Palomino Castillo VD
- Paludi MA
- Panait N
- Panieri E
- Parakh J
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- Parent V
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- Pata D
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- Perez Velasquez CI
- Periasammy D
- Peycelon M
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- Pimenta ML
- Pino W
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- Pitt SK
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- Regalado F
- Reinisch KB
- Restrepo J
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- Skardziukaite A
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- Soeselo DA
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- Urbanavicius L
- Urbina Rojas NM
- Urbonas T
- Urniezius Z
- Usaityte A
- Utter M
- Valente Laufer LA
- Van Duren B
- Varcada M
- Varkalys K
- Vartic M
- Vella-Baldacchino M
- Venskutonis D
- Venugopal C
- Vergara Celis JM
- Veronese E
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- Vimalachandran D
- Vincent J
- Vivekanantham S
- Vlachogiorgos A
- Wagener M
- Waleed H
- Walsh U
- Ward AE
- Ward S
- Warda M
- Warren O
- Warwick AM
- Watson NFS
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- Whewell H
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- Williams G
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- Wilson A
- Wilson MSJ
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- Witherspoon P
- Wogensen F
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- Wold TB
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- Yallop L
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- Yaseen TM
- Yavuz MA
- Yee J
- Yeo LS
- Yeung ENW
- Yong CO
- Youssef D
- Youssef H
- Youssif JH
- Zachariades D-C
- Zakir M
- Zalabia MF
- Zamarin K
- Zani A
- Zanini N
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zapata Ponze De Leon M
- Zardab A
- Zegarra S
- Zeidan S
- Zelada Alvarez II
- Zerihun AB
- Zhang Z
- Zheng F
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- Zilinskas J
- Zilinskiene R
- Zimmermann EF
- Zuber M
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Differences between high- and low-income settings in the availability of laparoscopic appendectomy, alternative management choices, and outcomes are poorly described. The aim was to identify variation in surgical management and outcomes of appendicitis within low-, middle-, and high-Human Development Index (HDI) countries worldwide. METHODS: This is a multicenter, international prospective cohort study. Consecutive sampling of patients undergoing emergency appendectomy over 6 months was conducted. Follow-up lasted 30 days. RESULTS: 4546 patients from 52 countries underwent appendectomy (2499 high-, 1540 middle-, and 507 low-HDI groups). Surgical site infection (SSI) rates were higher in low-HDI (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.33-4.99, p = 0.005) but not middle-HDI countries (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.76-2.52, p = 0.291), compared with high-HDI countries after adjustment. A laparoscopic approach was common in high-HDI countries (1693/2499, 67.7%), but infrequent in low-HDI (41/507, 8.1%) and middle-HDI (132/1540, 8.6%) groups. After accounting for case-mix, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.71, p < 0.001) and SSIs (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.33, p < 0.001). In propensity-score matched groups within low-/middle-HDI countries, laparoscopy was still associated with fewer overall complications (OR 0.23 95% CI 0.11-0.44) and SSI (OR 0.21 95% CI 0.09-0.45). CONCLUSION: A laparoscopic approach is associated with better outcomes and availability appears to differ by country HDI. Despite the profound clinical, operational, and financial barriers to its widespread introduction, laparoscopy could significantly improve outcomes for patients in low-resource environments. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT02179112
A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)
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- Kalenka A
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- Kamali E
- Kaminsky GE
- Kaneko M
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- Kang Y
- Kao KC
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- Kara A
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- Karsten E
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- Kashiya S
- Kashyap R
- Katabami K
- Katabami K
- Katabami K
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- Kim HJ
- Kim JM
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- Kim JW
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- Kleinpell R
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- Knight LD
- Ko JI
- Ko SB
- Kobayashi A
- Koco E
- Kodate A
- Kodate A
- Kodate A
- Kokkini S
- Kolnikova I
- Komuro T
- Kondili E
- Kongpolprom N
- Kooner G
- Kostalas M
- Kosuk ME
- Kotsopoulos A
- Kou PS
- Kouatchet A
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- Kox M
- Kraegpoeth A
- Krenn CG
- Krishna B
- Kristof J
- Kruger A
- Kruger A
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- Ku NS
- Kubik M
- Kubota K
- Kuebler WM
- Kulaga EV
- Kulkarni AP
- Kumari BK
- Kumbamu A
- Kunze-Szikszay N
- Kurmukov IA
- Kurth T
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- Kwon HM
- Kwon WY
- Kwon WY
- Kwon WY
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- Kyle UG
- Kyle UG
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- Labra C
- Lacerda P
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- Lafuente E
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- Lagos R
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- Leitao AL
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- Leonard H
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- Lerma FA
- Lesmes SP
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- Lesmes SP
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- Levy B
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- Lheureux O
- Lheureux O
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- Lichtenstein D
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- Lin KC
- Lin KC
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- Lin PH
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- Lin WC
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- Lischinsky A
- Lissonde F
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- Liu CP
- Liu CP
- Liu CP
- Liu CP
- Liu D
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- Llorente B
- Llorente MÁ
- Lobato MS
- Lobo-Civico A
- Loizou C
- Lombardo MD
- Londoño JG
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- Lorini L
- Lortat-Jacob B
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- Lotay R
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- Lukaszewicz AC
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- MacKay A
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- Macrì M
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- Maekawa K
- Maekawa K
- Maekawa K
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- Maghsoudi B
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- Maistry N
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- Mariani M
- Mariman A
- Marin-Mateos H
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- Messenger D
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- Mezidi M
- Michel L
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- Mignot T
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- Mihara Y
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- Olaechea P
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- Radu V
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- Romeu JD
- Rood PJ
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- Shu CW
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- Spatenkova V
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- Spronk PE
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- Struijs A
- Stubbs C
- Stubbs C
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- Su L
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- Suchomel P
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- Suh GJ
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- Sánchez MJ
- Sánchez PC
- Sánchez PC
- Sánchez-Elvira LA
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- Tabei SH
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- Taccone FS
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- Taccone FS
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- Tokyo Womens Medical University
- Tomas E
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- van der Hoeven JG
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- WIND study group
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- Álvarez JT
- Álvarez-Lerma F
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2016
- Field of study
Meeting abstrac
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati C
- Abbas KM
- Abbasi M
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasifard M
- Abbastabar H
- Abd El Razek HM
- Abd El Razek MM
- Abd-Allah F
- Abdelalim A
- Abdollahi M
- Abdollahpour I
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdullah KH
- Abedi A
- Abedi P
- Abegaz KH
- Abolhassani H
- Abosetugn AE
- Aboyans V
- Abrams EM
- Abreu LG
- Abrigo MRM
- Abu Haimed AK
- Abu-Gharbieh E
- Abu-Raddad LJ
- Abualhasan A
- Abushouk AI
- Acebedo A
- Ackerman IN
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- Adedeji IA
- Adekanmbi V
- Adelson JD
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- Ahmadpour E
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- Alcalde-Rabanal JE
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- Alemu BW
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- Alicandro G
- Alijanzadeh M
- Alinia C
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- Alizade H
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- Edvardsson D
- Effiong A
- Ehrlich JR
- El Nahas N
- El Sayed I
- El Tantawi M
- El-Jaafary SI
- Elbarazi I
- Elgendy IY
- Elhabashy HR
- Elsharkawy A
- Elyazar IRF
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- Gebremeskel LG
- Gebresillassie BM
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- Geramo YCD
- Geremew A
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- Gezae KE
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- Guled RA
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- Truelsen TC
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- Umeokonkwo CD
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- Wolfe CDA
- Wondmeneh TG
- Wondmieneh AB
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- Wu A-M
- Wu C
- Wu J
- Wunrow HY
- Xie Y
- Xu G
- Xu R
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- Yamagishi K
- Yaminfirooz M
- Yano Y
- Yaya S
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi V
- Yearwood JA
- Yeheyis TY
- Yeshitila YG
- Yilgwan CS
- Yilma MT
- Yip P
- Yonemoto N
- Yoon S-J
- York HW
- Younis MZ
- Younker TP
- Yousefi B
- Yousefi Z
- Yousefifard M
- Yousefinezhadi T
- Yousuf AY
- Yu C
- Yu Y
- Yuan C-W
- Yuce D
- Yusefzadeh H
- Zadey S
- Zahabi SS
- Zaidi SS
- Zaki L
- Zaki MES
- Zakzuk J
- Zamani M
- Zamanian M
- Zandian H
- Zangeneh A
- Zarafshan H
- Zastrozhin MS
- Zewdie KA
- Zhang J
- Zhang Y
- Zhang Z-J
- Zhao JT
- Zhao X-JG
- Zhao Y
- Zheleva B
- Zheng P
- Zhou M
- Zhu C
- Ziapour A
- Zimsen SRM
- Zlavog BS
- Zodpey S
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 17/10/2020
- Field of study
Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- Author
- Abbafati C
- Abbas KM
- Abbasi M
- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abbasifard M
- Abbastabar H
- Abd El Razek HM
- Abd El Razek MM
- Abd-Allah F
- Abdelalim A
- Abdollahi M
- Abdollahpour I
- Abdulkader RS
- Abdullah KH
- Abedi A
- Abedi P
- Abegaz KH
- Abolhassani H
- Abosetugn AE
- Aboyans V
- Abrams EM
- Abreu LG
- Abrigo MRM
- Abu Haimed AK
- Abu-Gharbieh E
- Abu-Raddad LJ
- Abualhasan A
- Abushouk AI
- Acebedo A
- Ackerman IN
- Adabi M
- Adair T
- Adamu AA
- Adebayo OM
- Adedeji IA
- Adekanmbi V
- Adelson JD
- Adeoye AM
- Adetokunboh OO
- Adham D
- Advani SM
- Afarideh M
- Afshari M
- Afshin A
- Agardh EE
- Agarwal G
- Agasthi P
- Agesa KM
- Aghaali M
- Aghamir SMK
- Agrawal A
- Ahmad T
- Ahmadi A
- Ahmadi K
- Ahmadi M
- Ahmadieh H
- Ahmadpour E
- Ahmed MB
- Aji B
- Akalu TY
- Akinyemi RO
- Akinyemiju T
- Akombi B
- Akunna CJ
- Al-Aly Z
- Al-Mekhlafi HM
- Al-Raddadi RM
- Alahdab F
- Alam K
- Alam N
- Alam S
- Alam T
- Alanezi FM
- Alanzi TM
- Albertson SB
- Alcalde-Rabanal JE
- Alema NM
- Alemu BW
- Alemu YM
- Alhabib KF
- Alhassan RK
- Ali M
- Ali S
- Alicandro G
- Alijanzadeh M
- Alinia C
- Alipour V
- Alizade H
- Aljunid SM
- Alla F
- Allebeck P
- Almadi MAH
- Almasi A
- Almasi-Hashiani A
- Almasri NA
- Almulhim AM
- Alonso J
- Altirkawi KA
- Alumran AK
- Alvis-Guzman N
- Alvis-Zakzuk NJ
- Amare AT
- Amare B
- Amini S
- Amini-Rarani M
- Aminorroaya A
- Amiri F
- Amit AML
- Amugsi DA
- Amul GGH
- Anbesu EW
- Ancuceanu R
- Anderlini D
- Anderson JA
- Andrei CL
- Andrei T
- Androudi S
- Angus C
- Anjomshoa M
- Ansari F
- Ansari I
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Antonazzo IC
- Antonio CAT
- Antony CM
- Antriyandarti E
- Anvari D
- Anwer R
- Appiah SCY
- Arab-Zozani M
- Arabloo J
- Aravkin AY
- Arba AAK
- Aremu O
- Ariani F
- Aripov T
- Armoon B
- Arnlov J
- Arowosegbe OO
- Aryal KK
- Arzani A
- Asaad M
- Asadi-Aliabadi M
- Asadi-Pooya AA
- Asgari S
- Asghari B
- Ashbaugh C
- Assmus M
- Atafar Z
- Athari SS
- Atnafu DD
- Atout MMW
- Atre SR
- Atteraya MS
- Ausloos F
- Ausloos M
- Avila-Burgos L
- Avokpaho EFGA
- Ayano G
- Ayanore MA
- Aynalem GL
- Aynalem YA
- Ayza MA
- Azari S
- Azarian G
- Azene ZN
- Azhar G
- Azzopardi PS
- Babaee E
- Badawi A
- Badiye AD
- Bagherzadeh M
- Bagli E
- Bahrami MA
- Baig AA
- Bairwa M
- Bakhshaei MH
- Bakhtiari A
- Bakkannavar SM
- Balachandran A
- Balakrishnan S
- Balalla S
- Balassyano S
- Baldasseroni A
- Bali AO
- Ball K
- Ballew SH
- Balzi D
- Banach M
- Bandpei MAM
- Banerjee SK
- Banik PC
- Bannick MS
- Bante AB
- Bante SA
- Baraki AG
- Barboza MA
- Barker-Collo SL
- Barnighausen TW
- Barrero LH
- Barthelemy CM
- Barua L
- Barzegar A
- Basaleem H
- Bassat Q
- Basu S
- Baune BT
- Bayati M
- Baye BA
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- Becker JS
- Bedi N
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- Bejot Y
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- Bell ML
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- Bensenor IM
- Benziger CP
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- Berman AE
- Bernabe E
- Bernstein RS
- Bertolacci GJ
- Bhagavathula AS
- Bhageerathy R
- Bhala N
- Bhandari D
- Bhardwaj P
- Bhat AG
- Bhattacharyya K
- Bhattarai S
- Bhutta ZA
- Bibi S
- Bicer BK
- Biehl MH
- Bijani A
- Bikbov B
- Bilano V
- Bin Sayeed MS
- Bin Zaman S
- Biondi A
- Birihane BM
- Bisanzio D
- Bisignano C
- Biswas RK
- Bitew H
- Bjorge T
- Bockarie MJ
- Bohlouli S
- Bohluli M
- Bojia HA
- Bolla SR
- Boloor A
- Boon-Dooley AS
- Borges G
- Borzi AM
- Borzouei S
- Bose D
- Bosetti C
- Boston S
- Boufous S
- Bourne R
- Brady OJ
- Braithwaite D
- Brauer M
- Brayne C
- Breitborde NJK
- Breitner S
- Brenner H
- Breusov AV
- Briant PS
- Briggs AM
- Briko AN
- Briko NI
- Britton GB
- Brugha T
- Bryazka D
- Buchbinder R
- Bumgarner BR
- Burkart K
- Burnett RT
- Busse R
- Butt ZA
- Caetano dos Santos FL
- Cahill LE
- Cahuana-Hurtado L
- Cai T
- Callender CSKH
- Camera LA
- Campos-Nonato IR
- Cao J
- Car J
- Car LT
- Cardenas R
- Carreras G
- Carrero JJ
- Carvalho F
- Castaldelli-Maia JM
- Castaneda-Orjuela CA
- Castelpietra G
- Castle CD
- Castro E
- Castro F
- Catala-Lopez F
- Causey K
- Cederroth CR
- Cercy KM
- Cerin E
- Chalek J
- Chandan JS
- Chang AR
- Chang AY
- Chang J-C
- Chang K-L
- Charan J
- Charlson FJ
- Chattu VK
- Chaturvedi S
- Cherbuin N
- Chimed-Ochir O
- Chin KL
- Chirinos-Caceres JL
- Cho DY
- Choi J-YJ
- Christensen H
- Chu D-T
- Chung MT
- Chung S-C
- Cicuttini FM
- Ciobanu LG
- Cirillo M
- Cislaghi B
- Classen TKD
- Cohen AJ
- Collins EL
- Comfort H
- Compton K
- Conti S
- Cooper OR
- Corso B
- Cortesi PA
- Costa VM
- Cousin E
- Cowden RG
- Cowie BC
- Cromwell EA
- Croneberger AJ
- Cross DH
- Cross M
- Crowe CS
- Cruz JA
- Cummins S
- Cunningham M
- D'Amico E
- da Silva DD
- Dahlawi SMA
- Dai H
- Dai H
- Damasceno AAM
- Damiani G
- Dandona L
- Dandona R
- Daneshpajouhnejad P
- Dangel WJ
- Danielsson A-K
- Dargan PI
- Darshan BB
- Darwesh AM
- Daryani A
- Das Gupta R
- Das Neves J
- Das JK
- Dash AP
- Davey G
- Davila-Cervantes CA
- Davis AC
- Davitoiu DV
- Davletov K
- De Leo D
- De Neve J-W
- Dean FE
- DeCleene NK
- Deen A
- Defo BK
- Degenhardt L
- DeLang M
- Dellavalle RP
- Demeke FM
- Demoz GT
- Demsie DG
- Denova-Gutierrez E
- Dereje ND
- Deribe K
- Dervenis N
- Desai R
- Desalew A
- Dessie GA
- Deuba K
- Dharmaratne SD
- Dhungana GP
- Dianatinasab M
- Diaz D
- Dichgans M
- Didarloo A
- Dingels ZV
- Dippenaar IN
- Dirac MA
- Djalalinia S
- Do HT
- Dokova K
- Doku DT
- Dolecek C
- Dolgert AJ
- Dorostkar F
- Doshi CP
- Doshi PP
- Doshmangir L
- Douiri A
- Doxey MC
- Doyle KE
- Driscoll TR
- Dubljanin E
- Dunachie SJ
- Duncan BB
- Duraes AR
- Eagan AW
- Ebrahimi H
- Edvardsson D
- Effiong A
- Ehrlich JR
- El Nahas N
- El Sayed I
- El Tantawi M
- El-Jaafary SI
- Elbarazi I
- Elgendy IY
- Elhabashy HR
- Elsharkawy A
- Elyazar IRF
- Emamian MH
- Emmons-Bell S
- Erskine HE
- Eshrati B
- Eskandari K
- Eskandarieh S
- Esmaeilnejad S
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- Fernandes E
- Ferrara G
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- Ferreira ML
- Feyissa GT
- Filip I
- Fischer F
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- Fitzgerald R
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- Foigt NA
- Folayan MO
- Fomenkov AA
- Force LM
- Fornari C
- Forooshani ZSD
- Foroutan M
- Fox JT
- Francis JM
- Frank TD
- Franklin RC
- Freitas M
- Fu W
- Fukumoto T
- Fukutaki K
- Fuller JE
- Fullman N
- Furtado JM
- Gad MM
- Gaidhane AM
- Gakidou E
- Galles NC
- Gallus S
- Gamkrelidze A
- Garcia-Basteiro AL
- Gardner WM
- Geberemariyam BS
- Gebrehiwot AM
- Gebremedhin KB
- Gebremeskel GG
- Gebremeskel LG
- Gebresillassie BM
- Gebreslassie AAAA
- Gela JD
- Geramo YCD
- Geremew A
- Gesesew HA
- Gething PW
- Gezae KE
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- Ghafourifard M
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- Gillum RF
- Ginawi IA
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- Giussani G
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- Glushkova EV
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- Gorini G
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- Grada A
- Greaves F
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- Gugnani HC
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- Guled RA
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- Hanson SW
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- Harvey JD
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- Hasan MM
- Hasanpoor E
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- Hassankhani H
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- Ibeneme CU
- Ibitoye SE
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- Inbaraj LR
- Ippolito H
- Iqbal U
- Irvani SSN
- Irvine CMS
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- Jayatilleke AU
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- Kayode GA
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- Korotkova AV
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- Lal DK
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- Lam JO
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- Landires I
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- Lansingh VC
- Lansky S
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- Larson SL
- Larsson AO
- Lasrado S
- Lassi ZS
- Lau KM-M
- Lauriola P
- Lavados PM
- Lazarus JV
- Leal LF
- Leasher JL
- Lebni JY
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- Leever AT
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- Liu S
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- Logroscino G
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- Lopez JCF
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- Lugo A
- Lunevicius R
- Lyons RA
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- Maddison ER
- Maddison R
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- Maled V
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- Malta DC
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- Martins-Melo FR
- Martopullo I
- Masaka A
- Masoumi SZ
- Massano J
- Massenburg BB
- Mastrogiacomo CI
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- Maulik PK
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- Mehndiratta MM
- Mehri F
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- Mehta KM
- Meitei WB
- Mekonnen T
- Melese A
- Memiah PTN
- Memish ZA
- Mendoza W
- Menezes RG
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- Mengesha MB
- Mensah GA
- Mereke A
- Mereta ST
- Meretoja A
- Meretoja TJ
- Mestrovic T
- Mezerji NMG
- Miazgowski B
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- Michalek IM
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- Mohammadian-Hafshejani A
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- Momen NC
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- Mooney MD
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- Morgado-da-Costa J
- Morrison SD
- Mosapour A
- Mosser JF
- Motlagh SN
- Mouodi S
- Mousavi SM
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- Mukhopadhyay S
- Mullany EC
- Mumford JE
- Munro SB
- Muriithi MK
- Murray CJL
- Musa KI
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- Nangia V
- Nansseu JR
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- Nayak VC
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- Ndejjo R
- Ndwandwe DE
- Negoi I
- Negoi RI
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- Neupane S
- Ngari KN
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- Ngunjiri JW
- Nguyen CT
- Nguyen DN
- Nguyen HLT
- Nguyen J
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- Nguyen M
- Nguyen TH
- Nichols E
- Nigatu D
- Nigatu YT
- Nikbakhsh R
- Nikpoor AR
- Nixon MR
- Nnaji CA
- Nomura S
- Norheim OF
- Norrving B
- Noubiap JJ
- Nowak C
- Nsoesie EO
- Nunez-Samudio V
- Oancea B
- Odell CM
- Ogbo FA
- Oghenetega OB
- Oh I-H
- Oiu AO
- Okunga EW
- Oladnabi M
- Olagunju AT
- Olusanya BO
- Olusanya JO
- Oluwasanu MM
- Omer MO
- Ong KL
- Ong S
- Onwujekwe OE
- Oren E
- Orji AU
- Orpana HM
- Ortega-Altamirano DV
- Ortiz A
- Osarenotor O
- Osei FB
- Ostojic SM
- Ostroff SM
- Otstavnov N
- Otstavnov SS
- Overland S
- Owolabi MO
- Padubidri JR
- Pakhale S
- Pakhare AP
- Pakshir K
- Palladino R
- Pana A
- Panda-Jonas S
- Pandey A
- Pangaribuan HU
- Park E-K
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- Parmar PGK
- Parry CDH
- Pasovic M
- Pasupula DK
- Patel JR
- Patel SK
- Paternina-Caicedo AJ
- Pathak A
- Pathak M
- Patten SB
- Patton GC
- Paudel D
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- Paulson KR
- Pease SA
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- Pennini A
- Pepito VCF
- Peprah EK
- Pereira A
- Pereira DM
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- Perico N
- Pescarini JM
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- Pham HQ
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- Piccinelli C
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- Pigott DM
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- Pilz TM
- Pinheiro M
- Piradov MA
- Pirsaheb M
- Pishgar F
- Plana-Ripoll O
- Plass D
- Pletcher M
- Pokhrel KN
- Polibin RV
- Polinder S
- Polkinghorne KR
- Pond CD
- Postma MJ
- Pottoo FH
- Pourjafar H
- Pourmalek F
- Pourshams A
- Poznanska A
- Prada SI
- Prakash S
- Prakash V
- Prasad N
- Preotescu L
- Pribadi DRA
- Pupillo E
- Quintanilla BPA
- Rabiee M
- Rabiee N
- Radfar A
- Rafiee A
- Rafiei A
- Raggi A
- Rahim F
- Rahimi-Movaghar A
- Rahman MA
- Rahman MHU
- Rajabpour-Sanati A
- Rajati F
- Rakovac I
- Ram P
- Ramezanzadeh K
- Rana SM
- Ranabhat CL
- Ranta A
- Rao PC
- Rao SJ
- Rasella D
- Rashedi V
- Rastogi P
- Rath GK
- Rathi P
- Rawaf DL
- Rawaf S
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- Rawat R
- Razo C
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- Reiner RC
- Reinig N
- Reitsma MB
- Remuzzi G
- Renjith V
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- Resnikoff S
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- Riahi SM
- Ribeiro ALP
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- Romoli M
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- Roshandel G
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- Rumisha SF
- Rwegerera GM
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- Sabour S
- Sachdev PS
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- Sadeghi E
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- Saraswathy SYI
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- Schwebel DC
- Schwendicke F
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- Senbeta AM
- Senthilkumaran S
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- Sha F
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- Shadid J
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- Sheena BS
- Sheikh A
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- Shetty BSK
- Shetty RS
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- Shield KD
- Shiferaw WS
- Shigematsu M
- Shin M-J
- Shiri R
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- Shivakumar KM
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- Siabani S
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- Sigfusdottir ID
- Sigurvinsdottir R
- Silva DAS
- Silva JP
- Simonetti B
- Simpson KE
- Singh A
- Singh JA
- Singh P
- Sinha DN
- Skiadaresi E
- Skou ST
- Skryabin VY
- Sliwa K
- Smith A
- Smith EUR
- Sobngwi E
- Soheili A
- Sokhan A
- Soltani S
- Somefun OD
- Soofi M
- Sorensen RJD
- Soriano JB
- Sorrie MB
- Soshnikov S
- Soyiri IN
- Spencer CN
- Spotin A
- Spurlock EE
- Sreeramareddy CT
- Srinivasan V
- Sripada K
- Stanaway JD
- Stark BA
- Steel N
- Stefan SC
- Stein C
- Stein DJ
- Steiner C
- Steiner TJ
- Steuben KM
- Stockfelt L
- Stokes MA
- Stovner LJ
- Straif K
- Stranges S
- Stubbs JL
- Suchdev PS
- Sudaryanto A
- Sufiyan MB
- Suleria HAR
- Sulo G
- Sultan I
- Swope CB
- Syed ZQ
- Sykes BL
- Sylte DO
- Szocska M
- Szumowski L
- Tabares-Seisdedos R
- Tabb KM
- Tabuchi T
- Tadakamadla SK
- Taddele BW
- Tadesse DB
- Taherkhani A
- Tahir Z
- Tajdini M
- Takahashi K
- Takala JS
- Tamiru AT
- Tang M
- Tanser FC
- Tareque MI
- Tarigan IU
- Taveira N
- Taylor HJ
- Teagle WL
- Teame H
- Tediosi F
- Tefera YG
- Tehrani-Banihashemi A
- Teklehaimanot BF
- Tela FG
- Temsah M-H
- Terrason S
- Tesema GA
- Tessema ZT
- Thakur B
- Thankappan KR
- Thapar R
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- Thomson AM
- Thrift AG
- Thurston GD
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- Tohidinik HR
- Tonelli M
- Topor-Madry R
- Topouzis F
- Toroudi HP
- Torre AE
- Touvier M
- Tovani-Palone MR
- Traini E
- Tran BX
- Travillian R
- Trias-Llimos S
- Troeger CE
- Truelsen TC
- Tsai AC
- Tsatsakis A
- Tyrovolas S
- Uddin R
- Ullah I
- Ullah S
- Umeokonkwo CD
- Undurraga EA
- Unnikrishnan B
- Upadhyay E
- Uthman OA
- Vacante M
- Vaicekonyte R
- Vakilian A
- Valdez PR
- Valli A
- Van Donkelaar A
- Vardavas C
- Varughese S
- Vasankari TJ
- Vasconcelos AMN
- Vasseghian Y
- Veisani Y
- Velasquez IM
- Venketasubramanian N
- Vidale S
- Violante FS
- Vlassov V
- Vollset SE
- Vongpradith A
- Vos T
- Vu GT
- Vujcic IS
- Vukovic A
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- Waheed Y
- Wallin MT
- Walters MK
- Wamai RG
- Wang F
- Wang H
- Wang H
- Wang J
- Wang Y
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- Ward JL
- Watson A
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- Wei J
- Wei MYW
- Weintraub RG
- Weiss DJ
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- Welay FT
- Weldesamuel GT
- Werdecker A
- West JJ
- Westerman R
- Whisnant JL
- Whiteford HA
- Wiangkham T
- Wickramasinghe ND
- Wiens KE
- Wijeratne T
- Wilner LB
- Wilson S
- Wiysonge CS
- Wojtyniak B
- Woldu G
- Wolfe CDA
- Wondmeneh TG
- Wondmieneh AB
- Wool EE
- Wozniak SS
- Wu A-M
- Wu C
- Wu J
- Wunrow HY
- Xie Y
- Xu G
- Xu R
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- Yaminfirooz M
- Yano Y
- Yaya S
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi V
- Yearwood JA
- Yeheyis TY
- Yeshitila YG
- Yilgwan CS
- Yilma MT
- Yip P
- Yonemoto N
- Yoon S-J
- York HW
- Younis MZ
- Younker TP
- Yousefi B
- Yousefi Z
- Yousefifard M
- Yousefinezhadi T
- Yousuf AY
- Yu C
- Yu Y
- Yuan C-W
- Yuce D
- Yusefzadeh H
- Zadey S
- Zahabi SS
- Zaidi SS
- Zaki L
- Zaki MES
- Zakzuk J
- Zamani M
- Zamanian M
- Zandian H
- Zangeneh A
- Zarafshan H
- Zastrozhin MS
- Zewdie KA
- Zhang J
- Zhang Y
- Zhang Z-J
- Zhao JT
- Zhao X-JG
- Zhao Y
- Zheleva B
- Zheng P
- Zhou M
- Zhu C
- Ziapour A
- Zimsen SRM
- Zlavog BS
- Zodpey S
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a rules-based synthesis of the available evidence on levels and trends in health outcomes, a diverse set of risk factors, and health system responses. GBD 2019 covered 204 countries and territories, as well as first administrative level disaggregations for 22 countries, from 1990 to 2019. Because GBD is highly standardised and comprehensive, spanning both fatal and non-fatal outcomes, and uses a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of hierarchical disease and injury causes, the study provides a powerful basis for detailed and broad insights on global health trends and emerging challenges. GBD 2019 incorporates data from 281 586 sources and provides more than 3.5 billion estimates of health outcome and health system measures of interest for global, national, and subnational policy dialogue. All GBD estimates are publicly available and adhere to the Guidelines on Accurate and Transparent Health Estimate Reporting. From this vast amount of information, five key insights that are important for health, social, and economic development strategies have been distilled. These insights are subject to the many limitations outlined in each of the component GBD capstone papers.Peer reviewe
Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy
- Author
- Aahlin EK
- Aamer A
- Aaniana K
- Ababneh A
- Abaliksta T
- Abantanga F
- Abantanga F
- Abbas A
- Abbas M
- Abbasy J
- Abbo O
- Abbo O
- Abbott T
- Abbouch M
- Abd El Galeel A
- Abd El Hameed OS
- Abd El Hamid N
- Abd El Salam Y
- Abd El Slam M
- Abd El-Salam F
- Abd Elrasoul Y
- Abd-Elmawla M
- Abd-Elrasoul Y
- Abdallah E
- Abdallah E
- Abdel-Aty A
- Abdel-Hameed N
- Abdel-Kader SM
- Abdel-Wahab NYE
- Abdelaal A
- Abdelaty M
- Abdelazeam AR
- Abdelazim G
- Abdelaziz MA
- Abdelbadeai K
- Abdelfatah A
- AbdelFattah I
- Abdelgelil A
- Abdelghany S
- Abdelhady S
- Abdelhamed R
- Abdelhamid A
- Abdelhaq A
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader M
- Abdelkader O
- Abdelkareem A
- Abdelkhalek M
- Abdelmageed E
- Abdelmotaleb I
- Abdelraheim M
- Abdelraouf AM
- Abdelrouf DM
- Abdelshafy M
- Abdelshakour M
- Abdrabou AK
- Abdul-Latif S
- Abdulaziz H
- Abdulaziz M
- Abdulbagi O
- Abdulgawad M
- Abdulhakeem EM
- Abdullah AAN
- Abdullah MA
- Abdullah N
- Abdullah NAN
- Abdullah NAN
- Abdullahi L
- Abdurrazzaaq A
- Abebe NS
- Abebe NS
- Abem OE
- Aber A
- Abington E
- Abiola O
- Aboarab A
- Aboelella M
- Aboelmagd O
- Aboelsoud MR
- Aboraya M
- Aboraya M
- Abouelnasr A
- Aboul-Naga MS
- Abouzahra A
- Abouzaid A
- Abozaid M
- Abozeid K
- Abozyed MAF
- Abu Qumbos A
- Abu-toyour M
- Abubakr M
- Abudeeb H
- Abuowda Y
- Abuqwaider E
- Abusalem L
- Abuseif M
- Abushamleh S
- Acharya P
- Ackom E
- Acquah E
- Adam A
- Adam N
- Adams R
- Adamu A
- Adawi I
- Adawi M
- Adebanjo A
- Adebanjo A
- Adebola O
- Adedeji A
- Adekoya A
- Adel A
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- Adel BE
- Adel I
- Adella FJ
- Adelshone A
- Ademuyiwa A
- Ademuyiwa A
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- Ademuyiwa AO
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- Ademuyiwa AO
- Adenekan B
- Adeniran J
- Adeniran J
- Adeniyi A
- Adeniyi A
- Adesanya O
- Adesanya O
- Adesina A
- Adesina A
- Adesuyi A
- Adeyeye A
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- Adeyeye A
- Adham W
- Adhitama N
- Adil M
- Adisa AO
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- Adu-Aryee N
- Afana S
- Afandy A
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- Agalianos C
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- Aguilera-Arevalo M-L
- Ahlonsou G
- Ahlqvist S
- Ahlqvist S
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- Ahmed A
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- Ahmed H
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- Ahounou EYS
- Aigrain Y
- Aiyaman C
- Ajah J
- Ajai O
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- Ajiboye A
- Akatibo E
- Akeel N
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- Akpenyi O
- Al Amin S
- Al Attar SM
- Al Awwad S
- Al Barrawi FE
- Al Bastawis F
- Al Meligy A
- Al Rafati AAR
- Al Raouf EA
- Al Saied G
- Al Subaie N
- Al-Aarag AA-R
- Al-Azraqi IAA
- Al-Bahrani A
- Al-Buhaisi A
- Al-Dakka E
- Al-Faifi JJ
- Al-faqawi M
- Al-farram H
- Al-Hameedi HII
- Al-Hasani RKMJ
- Al-khatib A
- Al-Mallah A
- Al-Marakby D
- Al-Mousa M
- Al-Nahrawi S
- Al-Obaedi O
- Al-saqqa S
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- Al-shammari A
- Al-Slaibi I
- Al-taher T
- Alaael-Dein S
- Alada M
- Alahmady O
- Alakaloko F
- Alakaloko F
- Alaloul E
- Alamin S
- Alamoudi M
- Alamoudi U
- Albeladi B
- Albiety A
- Alcca Ticona W
- Aldalaq A
- Aldhafeeri S
- Aledrisy M
- Alejos Bermudez YE
- Alexander P
- Alexander P
- Alexander P
- Alexandre C
- Alfarsi MA
- Alghamdi A
- Alghamdi B
- Alghamdi M
- Alghamdi MSA
- Algohary O
- Alhabli I
- Alhady K
- Alhammali T
- Alhassan B
- Alhazmi W
- Alhendy M
- Alherz M
- Ali A
- Ali A
- Ali A
- Ali CDM
- Ali E
- Ali FM
- Ali H
- Ali S
- Ali SAWEW
- Ali SS
- Ali THA
- Ali W
- Alihonou T
- Alimi Q
- Alis H
- Aliyu H
- Aliyu M
- Aliyu S
- Aljboor K
- Aljiffry M
- Aljiffry M
- Aljohani E
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- Aljohani S
- Alkaaki A
- Alkammash A
- Alkelani M
- Alkhabbaz D
- Alkhouri M
- Allam M
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- Allam Y
- Allegri A
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- Allen JLY
- Allott R
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- Almoflihi A
- Almuallem S
- Almy J
- Alnaby MH
- Alnawam E
- Alnuqaydan SA
- Alnusairat A
- Alomar IN
- Alqahtani E
- Alqahtani S
- Alrahawy M
- Alrajraji M
- Alrifaie A
- AlRowais M
- Alsaggaf M
- Alsaggaf MU
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- Alser OH
- Alshareef R
- Altaf A
- Altaf A
- Altamimi A
- Altamimi A
- Altamimi A
- Altamimi A
- Altamini A
- Altarayra M
- Althwainy A
- Altibi A
- Altinel Y
- Altinel Y
- Altoe F
- Altwigry AM
- Altwijri A
- Alvarado Jaramillo R
- Alvarez Barreda LM
- Alvi AR
- Alwafai MG
- Aly AK
- Aly MYM
- Alyacoubi S
- Alyahya R
- Alyami R
- Alyami R
- AlYoussef I
- Alzahrani A
- Alzahrani M
- Alzahrani M
- Alzayat T
- Aman NF
- Amandito R
- Amandito R
- Amandito R
- Amandito R
- Ambrona-Zafra D
- Ambrozeviciute V
- Ameen M
- Amer MA
- Amin HAA
- Amin J
- Amin J
- Amjad M
- Ammar M
- Ammar MS
- Amoah M
- Amoako J
- Amoako PT
- Amoako-Boateng M
- Amole I
- Amreia M
- Amreia M
- Anandkumar D
- Anderson D
- Anderson F
- Anderson R
- Anderson-Knight H
- Andersson L
- Andika FFA
- Andreotti D
- Andres Garcia-Marin J
- Andress C
- Andriola V
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- Ansaloni L
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- Antar S
- Antezana D
- Anthoulakis C
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- Antoniozzi A
- Anwar AW
- Anwar N
- Anwer W
- Anyanwu L-J
- Anyanwu L-J
- Aonzo P
- Appeadu-Mensah W
- Appiah EK
- Aql S
- Aquilino F
- Arachchi PP
- Arachchige LAJJ
- Arafa O
- Arafa S
- Arango MCM
- Arango MCM
- Aranzabal Durand SY
- Araujo R
- Arcudi C
- Ardley R
- Arenas A
- Arevalo Azmitia JR
- Arias Pacheco RD
- Arman S
- Arman S
- Armando ChunguiBravo J
- Armellini A
- Arnaud A
- Arnaud AP
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- Arroyo Basto CA
- Arshad MM
- Arslan E
- Arsyad HM
- Arthur T
- Arulampalam T
- Aruldas N
- Asal M
- Asar YH
- Asare-Bediako K
- Asele FA
- Ashour A
- Ashour A
- Ashour K
- Ashraf SF
- Ashtari M
- Ashton A
- Asi F
- Asilah SMD
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- Assouto PA
- Asturia S
- Asumah H
- Ata A
- Ata AAA
- Ata AY
- Atiyeh A
- Atkins ET
- Atkinson K
- Atobatele K
- Attallah NA
- Attard M
- Attia A
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- Aung KP
- Austraite A
- Aviles S
- Avoka A
- Awad I
- Awad SA
- Awadallah S
- Awuku-Asabre J
- Ayad S
- Ayandipo O
- Ayandipo OO
- Aydin MC
- Ayyar S
- Aziz DNA
- Aziz MRA
- Aziz NA
- Azizeldine MG
- Azmitia Mendizabal CA
- Azodo IA
- Azzie G
- Azzie G
- Azzis O
- Baba S
- Bachri H
- Badawy M
- Badenjki MA
- Badicel M
- Badr A
- Badr MFM
- Badwi NM
- Badwi NM
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- Baird A
- Bakhaidar M
- Baki BE
- Bakr A
- Bakry HM
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- Baldacchino M
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- Balila RMH
- Balkan AZA
- Ballouhey Q
- Balmaceda R
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- Balogun F
- Baltrunas R
- Baluch F
- Bamford R
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- Bamicha A
- Banaitis VJ
- Bandi A
- Bandoh D
- Bani-Sadar A
- Banipal GS
- Baraka H
- Barakat SAE
- Barendegere V
- Barker T
- Barkolias C
- Barmayehvar B
- Barnabas GN
- Barnacle J
- Barneo L
- Barrionuevo Ojeda RR
- Barrios E
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- Barroso de Lima CV
- Barry J
- Basilico S
- Basir ERM
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- Bassit KA
- Basso SMM
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- Beamon M
- Beasley W
- Beaton C
- Bedada AG
- Bediako-Bowan A
- Behar N
- Beisa V
- Beisa V
- Bekhet AH
- Bekhet NM
- Beleno AEM
- Belkouchi A
- Belli A
- Bello B
- Benammi S
- Benevento A
- Benevento A
- Benger M
- Bennai RM
- Benons N
- Bentounsi Z
- Benyaiche C
- Berti S
- Bertuello I
- Beuran M
- Beuran M
- Beyene R
- Bezerra Morais PA
- Bezzina M
- Bhang A
- Bhangu A
- Bhangu A
- Bhargava A
- Bharj IS
- Bhat S
- Bhatnagar A
- Bhattacharya S
- Bhopal KF
- Bhopal KF
- Bianco F
- Bigaran A
- Billy M
- Bin Adnan A
- Bin Hasnan M
- Bin Ismail MJ
- Bin Mahamood A
- Birindelli A
- Birring A
- Bisset C
- Bjorklund I
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- Blacker S
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- Blencowe N
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- El Mesery S
- El Sayed GS
- El Sayed IM
- El Shoura Y
- El-badawy HA
- El-Dien KS
- El-Dien KS
- El-Din RA
- El-Din SA
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- El-Kashef H
- El-Latif NK
- El-Ma'doul AS
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- Elfiky M
- Elfil M
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- Elfouly Y
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- Elgendy AH
- Elgendy FI
- Elgheriany M
- Elhadad A
- Elhadary NM
- Elhadry S
- Elhalawany E
- Elhamouly S
- Elhelbawy MS
- Elhendawy A
- Elhendawy AOA
- Elhoseny G
- Elhusseiny AAE
- Elizabeth Lopez C
- Elkadsh I
- Elkady F
- Elkelany A
- Elkelany A
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- Elkhadrawi M
- Elkhalek EA
- Elkholy A
- Elkholy SS
- Elkolaly SS
- Elkorashy AM
- Ellison Q
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- Elmelegy R
- Elmihy S
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- Elrazek AA
- Elsabbagh N
- Elsameea AA
- Elsawahly DME
- Elsawy A
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- Elsayed N
- Elsayed NAR
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- Elsebaaye AO
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- Elzayat I
- Elzayat M
- Elzayyat I
- Elzowawi F
- Emadeldin D
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- Eng C
- English W
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- Espinoza F
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 15/10/2018
- Field of study
Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe
Effects of alirocumab on types of myocardial infarction: insights from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial
- Author
- Abbas J
- Abbate A
- Abdullakutty J
- Abhyanakar AD
- Aboyans V
- Abrantes JAM
- Abu-Fadel M
- Acevedo M
- Adamkova V
- Adhyapak S
- Agarwal H
- Aggarwal R
- Aggarwal RK
- Aguirre A
- Ahmed H
- Ahremark U
- Ahuad Guerrero RA
- Aidar Ayoub JC
- Airaksinen JK
- Aitken D
- Akatova E
- Akhter F
- Ako J
- Akright L
- Akyea-Djamson A
- Al Joundi T
- Al-Windy NYY
- Alan D
- Alcocer Gamba MA
- Alexander JH
- Alexander K
- Alexandru TM
- Alings M
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- Yakushin S
- Yan AT-K
- Yan BPY
- Yanez M
- Yang E
- Yang X
- Yang X
- Yao Z
- Yazdani S
- Yerra SK
- Yin W-H
- Yong H
- Yoon JH
- Younis L
- Yu Y
- Yuan Z
- Yusoff K
- Zahger D
- Zaidman CJ
- Zainea M
- Zaman A
- Zeiher AM
- Zhang W
- Zhang X
- Zhang Z
- Zhao X
- Zheng Y
- Zheng Z
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- Zhu H
- Zirlik A
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- Zong W
- Zrazhevsky K
- Zuniga JDH
- Zurakowski A
- Zuran I
- Zweiker R
- Publication venue
- 'Oxford University Press (OUP)'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Aims The third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) Task Force classified MIs into five types: Type 1, spontaneous; Type 2, related to oxygen supply/demand imbalance; Type 3, fatal without ascertainment of cardiac biomarkers; Type 4, related to percutaneous coronary intervention; and Type 5, related to coronary artery bypass surgery. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors reduces risk of MI, but less is known about effects on types of MI. ODYSSEY OUTCOMES compared the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab with placebo in 18 924 patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and elevated LDL-C (≥1.8 mmol/L) despite intensive statin therapy. In a pre-specified analysis, we assessed the effects of alirocumab on types of MI. Methods and results Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Myocardial infarction types were prospectively adjudicated and classified. Of 1860 total MIs, 1223 (65.8%) were adjudicated as Type 1, 386 (20.8%) as Type 2, and 244 (13.1%) as Type 4. Few events were Type 3 (n = 2) or Type 5 (n = 5). Alirocumab reduced first MIs [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–0.95; P = 0.003], with reductions in both Type 1 (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99; P = 0.032) and Type 2 (0.77, 0.61–0.97; P = 0.025), but not Type 4 MI. Conclusion After ACS, alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy favourably impacted on Type 1 and 2 MIs. The data indicate for the first time that a lipid-lowering therapy can attenuate the risk of Type 2 MI. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction below levels achievable with statins is an effective preventive strategy for both MI types.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz299</p
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- Abbasi-Kangevari M
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
- Adambekov S
- Adams RJ
- Aekplakorn W
- Agdeppa IA
- Aghazadeh-Attari J
- Aguilar-Salinas CA
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- Ahmad NA
- Ahmadi A
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- Al Qaoud NM
- Al-Hinai H
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- Al-Lawati JA
- Alarouj M
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- AlDhukair S
- Aldwairji MA
- Ali MM
- Alinezhad F
- Alkandari A
- Alomirah HF
- Aly E
- Amarapurkar DN
- Andersen LB
- Anderssen SA
- Andrade DS
- Anjana RM
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Aounallah-Skhiri H
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- Arlappa N
- Aryal KK
- Assah FK
- Assembekov B
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- van Valkengoed IGM
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- Publication venue
- Nature Research
- Publication date
- 09/11/2023
- Field of study
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29–39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
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- Abu-Rmeileh NME
- Accrombessi MMK
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- Avokpaho EFGA
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- Azzopardi PS
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- Bach XT
- Badali H
- Badawi A
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- Ballesteros KE
- Ballew SH
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- Younis MZ
- Yousefifard M
- Yu C
- Zadnik V
- Zaidi Z
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- Zamani M
- Zare Z
- Zeleke AJ
- Zenebe ZM
- Zhang K
- Zhao Z
- Zhou M
- Zodpey S
- Zucker I
- Publication venue
- ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
Background:
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017) includes a comprehensive assessment of incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 354 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Previous GBD studies have shown how the decline of mortality rates from 1990 to 2016 has led to an increase in life expectancy, an ageing global population, and an expansion of the non-fatal burden of disease and injury. These studies have also shown how a substantial portion of the world's population experiences non-fatal health loss with considerable heterogeneity among different causes, locations, ages, and sexes. Ongoing objectives of the GBD study include increasing the level of estimation detail, improving analytical strategies, and increasing the amount of high-quality data.
Methods:
We estimated incidence and prevalence for 354 diseases and injuries and 3484 sequelae. We used an updated and extensive body of literature studies, survey data, surveillance data, inpatient admission records, outpatient visit records, and health insurance claims, and additionally used results from cause of death models to inform estimates using a total of 68 781 data sources. Newly available clinical data from India, Iran, Japan, Jordan, Nepal, China, Brazil, Norway, and Italy were incorporated, as well as updated claims data from the USA and new claims data from Taiwan (province of China) and Singapore. We used DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, as the main method of estimation, ensuring consistency between rates of incidence, prevalence, remission, and cause of death for each condition. YLDs were estimated as the product of a prevalence estimate and a disability weight for health states of each mutually exclusive sequela, adjusted for comorbidity. We updated the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary development indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and total fertility rate. Additionally, we calculated differences between male and female YLDs to identify divergent trends across sexes. GBD 2017 complies with the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting.
Findings:
Globally, for females, the causes with the greatest age-standardised prevalence were oral disorders, headache disorders, and haemoglobinopathies and haemolytic anaemias in both 1990 and 2017. For males, the causes with the greatest age-standardised prevalence were oral disorders, headache disorders, and tuberculosis including latent tuberculosis infection in both 1990 and 2017. In terms of YLDs, low back pain, headache disorders, and dietary iron deficiency were the leading Level 3 causes of YLD counts in 1990, whereas low back pain, headache disorders, and depressive disorders were the leading causes in 2017 for both sexes combined. All-cause age-standardised YLD rates decreased by 3·9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·1–4·6) from 1990 to 2017; however, the all-age YLD rate increased by 7·2% (6·0–8·4) while the total sum of global YLDs increased from 562 million (421–723) to 853 million (642–1100). The increases for males and females were similar, with increases in all-age YLD rates of 7·9% (6·6–9·2) for males and 6·5% (5·4–7·7) for females. We found significant differences between males and females in terms of age-standardised prevalence estimates for multiple causes. The causes with the greatest relative differences between sexes in 2017 included substance use disorders (3018 cases [95% UI 2782–3252] per 100 000 in males vs s1400 [1279–1524] per 100 000 in females), transport injuries (3322 [3082–3583] vs 2336 [2154–2535]), and self-harm and interpersonal violence (3265 [2943–3630] vs 5643 [5057–6302]).
Interpretation:
Global all-cause age-standardised YLD rates have improved only slightly over a period spanning nearly three decades. However, the magnitude of the non-fatal disease burden has expanded globally, with increasing numbers of people who have a wide spectrum of conditions. A subset of conditions has remained globally pervasive since 1990, whereas other conditions have displayed more dynamic trends, with different ages, sexes, and geographies across the globe experiencing varying burdens and trends of health loss. This study emphasises how global improvements in premature mortality for select conditions have led to older populations with complex and potentially expensive diseases, yet also highlights global achievements in certain domains of disease and injury
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez L
- Abdeen ZA
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
- Acosta-Cazares B
- Adams RJ
- Aekplakorn W
- Afsana K
- Afzal S
- Agdeppa IA
- Aghazadeh-Attari J
- Aguilar-Salinas CA
- Agyemang C
- Ahmad NA
- Ahmadi A
- Ahmadi N
- Ahmadi N
- Ahmadizar F
- Ahmed SH
- Ahrens W
- Ajlouni K
- Al Nsour M
- Al-Raddadi R
- Alarouj M
- AlBuhairan F
- AlDhukair S
- Ali MM
- Alkandari A
- Alkerwi A
- Allin K
- Aly E
- Amarapurkar DN
- Amougou N
- Amouyel P
- Andersen LB
- Anderssen SA
- Andre Moura-dos-Santos M
- Anjana RM
- Ansari-Moghaddam A
- Ansong D
- Aounallah-Skhiri H
- Araujo J
- Ariansen I
- Aris T
- Arku RE
- Arlappa N
- Aryal KK
- Aspelund T
- Assah FK
- Assuncao MCF
- Auvinen J
- Avdicova M
- Azevedo A
- Azimi-Nezhad M
- Azizi F
- Azmin M
- Babu BV
- Bahijri S
- Balakrishna N
- Balanova Y
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- Bamoshmoosh M
- Banach M
- Banadinovic M
- Bandosz P
- Banegas JR
- Baran J
- Barbagallo CM
- Barcelo A
- Barkat A
- Barreto M
- Barros AJD
- Bartosiewicz A
- Basit A
- Bastos JLD
- Bata I
- Batieha AM
- Batyrbek A
- Baur LA
- Beaglehole R
- Bebakar WMW
- Belavendra A
- Ben Romdhane H
- Benchekor SM
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- Bennett JE
- Bennett JE
- Benson LS
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- Bernabe-Ortiz A
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- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Funding WHO