Synthesis of a square-planar rhodium alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene complex and its reactivity toward alkenes

The first rhodium alkylidene square-planar complex stabilized by an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand, RhCl(-CHPh)(IPr)PPh3 (2; IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-carbene), has been prepared by reaction of RhCl(IPr)(PPh3)2 (1) with phenyldiazomethane and its dynamic behavior in solution studied. Treatment of 2 with alkenes results in the formation of the ¿2-olefin complexes RhCl(¿2-CH2-CHR)(IPr)PPh3 (3, R = H; 4, R = Ph; 5, R = OEt) and new olefins arising from the coupling of the alkylidene with the alkenes, likely via a metallacyclobutane intermediate

Measurement of differential cross-sections of a top quark produced in association with a W boson at √s=13 TeV with ATLAS

The differential cross-section for the production of a W boson in association with a top quark is measured for several particle-level observables. The measurements are performed using 36.1fb−1 of pp collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. Differential cross-sections are measured in a fiducial phase space defined by the presence of two charged leptons and exactly one jet matched to a b-hadron, and are normalised with the fiducial cross-section. Results are found to be in good agreement with predictions from several Monte Carlo event generators

Circulating microRNAs in sera correlate with soluble biomarkers of immune activation but do not predict mortality in ART treated individuals with HIV-1 infection: A case control study

Introduction: The use of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced HIV-1 associated morbidity and mortality. However, HIV-1 infected individuals have increased rates of morbidity and mortality compared to the non-HIV-1 infected population and this appears to be related to end-organ diseases collectively referred to as Serious Non-AIDS Events (SNAEs). Circulating miRNAs are reported as promising biomarkers for a number of human disease conditions including those that constitute SNAEs. Our study sought to investigate the potential of selected miRNAs in predicting mortality in HIV-1 infected ART treated individuals. Materials and Methods: A set of miRNAs was chosen based on published associations with human disease conditions that constitute SNAEs. This case: control study compared 126 cases (individuals who died whilst on therapy), and 247 matched controls (individuals who remained alive). Cases and controls were ART treated participants of two pivotal HIV-1 trials. The relative abundance of each miRNA in serum was measured, by RTqPCR. Associations with mortality (all-cause, cardiovascular and malignancy) were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Correlations between miRNAs and CD4+ T cell count, hs-CRP, IL-6 and D-dimer were also assessed. Results: None of the selected miRNAs was associated with all-cause, cardiovascular or malignancy mortality. The levels of three miRNAs (miRs -21, -122 and -200a) correlated with IL-6 while miR-21 also correlated with D-dimer. Additionally, the abundance of miRs -31, -150 and -223, correlated with baseline CD4+ T cell count while the same three miRNAs plus miR- 145 correlated with nadir CD4+ T cell count. Discussion: No associations with mortality were found with any circulating miRNA studied. These results cast doubt onto the effectiveness of circulating miRNA as early predictors of mortality or the major underlying diseases that contribute to mortality in participants treated for HIV-1 infection

Infection-related and -unrelated malignancies, HIV and the aging population

Funding Information: Conflicts of interest: JR reports personal fees from Abbvie, Bionor, BMS, Boehringer, Gilead, Merck, Janssen, Tobira, Tibotec and ViiV, outside the submitted work. OK has received honoraria, consultancy and/or lecture fees from Abbott, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, Merck, Tibotec and Viiv outside the submitted work. All other authors state no commercial or other associations that may pose a conflict of interest. Funding: Primary support for EuroSIDA is provided by the European Commission BIOMED 1 (CT94-1637), BIOMED 2 (CT97-2713), 5th Framework (QLK2-2000-00773), 6th Framework (LSHP-CT-2006-018632) and 7th Framework (FP7/2007?2013; EuroCoord n? 260694) programmes. Current support also includes unrestricted grants from Janssen R&D, Merck and Co. Inc., Pfizer Inc. and GlaxoSmithKline LLC. The participation of centres in Switzerland was supported by The Swiss National Science Foundation (Grant 108787). The authors have no financial disclosures to make. Author contributions: LS developed the project, analysed the data, and was responsible for writing the manuscript. ?HB and OK contributed to the study design and analysis, interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript. JL proposed the project and contributed to the study design, ideas for analysis, interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript. BL, PD, AC, JR, BK, JT and IK contributed to national coordination, study design and writing of the manuscript. AM supervised the project and contributed to the study design and analysis, interpretation of the data and writing of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2016 British HIV AssociationObjectives: HIV-positive people have increased risk of infection-related malignancies (IRMs) and infection-unrelated malignancies (IURMs). The aim of the study was to determine the impact of aging on future IRM and IURM incidence. Methods: People enrolled in EuroSIDA and followed from the latest of the first visit or 1 January 2001 until the last visit or death were included in the study. Poisson regression was used to investigate the impact of aging on the incidence of IRMs and IURMs, adjusting for demographic, clinical and laboratory confounders. Linear exponential smoothing models forecasted future incidence. Results: A total of 15 648 people contributed 95 033 person-years of follow-up, of whom 610 developed 643 malignancies [IRMs: 388 (60%); IURMs: 255 (40%)]. After adjustment, a higher IRM incidence was associated with a lower CD4 count [adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) CD4 count < 200 cells/μL: 3.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.59, 5.51; compared with ≥ 500 cells/μL], independent of age, while a CD4 count < 200 cells/μL was associated with IURMs in people aged < 50 years only (aIRR: 2.51; 95% CI 1.40–4.54). Smoking was associated with IURMs (aIRR: 1.75; 95% CI 1.23, 2.49) compared with never smokers in people aged ≥ 50 years only, and not with IRMs. The incidences of both IURMs and IRMs increased with older age. It was projected that the incidence of IRMs would decrease by 29% over a 5-year period from 3.1 (95% CI 1.5–5.9) per 1000 person-years in 2011, whereas the IURM incidence would increase by 44% from 4.1 (95% CI 2.2–7.2) per 1000 person-years over the same period. Conclusions: Demographic and HIV-related risk factors for IURMs (aging and smoking) and IRMs (immunodeficiency and ongoing viral replication) differ markedly and the contribution from IURMs relative to IRMs will continue to increase as a result of aging of the HIV-infected population, high smoking and lung cancer prevalence and a low prevalence of untreated HIV infection. These findings suggest the need for targeted preventive measures and evaluation of the cost−benefit of screening for IURMs in HIV-infected populations.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Search for scalar resonances decaying into μ⁺μ⁻ in events with and without b-tagged jets produced in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.A search for a narrow scalar resonance decaying into an opposite-sign muon pair produced in events with and without b-tagged jets is presented in this paper. The search uses 36.1 fb−1 of √=13 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. No significant excess of events above the expected Standard Model background is observed in the investigated mass range of 0.2 to 1.0 TeV. The observed upper limits at 95% confidence level on the cross section times branching ratio for b-quark associated production and gluon-gluon fusion are between 1.9 and 41 fb and 1.6 and 44 fb respectively, which is consistent with expectations

Development and Validation of a Risk Score for Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV Infection Using Prospective Cohort Data from the D:A:D Study

Ristola M. on työryhmien DAD Study Grp ; Royal Free Hosp Clin Cohort ; INSIGHT Study Grp ; SMART Study Grp ; ESPRIT Study Grp jäsen.Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment regimen and would identify those at greatest risk of CKD. The aims of this study were to develop a simple, externally validated, and widely applicable long-term risk score model for CKD in HIV-positive individuals that can guide decision making in clinical practice. Methods and Findings A total of 17,954 HIV-positive individuals from the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) study with >= 3 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values after 1 January 2004 were included. Baseline was defined as the first eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 after 1 January 2004; individuals with exposure to tenofovir, atazanavir, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, other boosted protease inhibitors before baseline were excluded. CKD was defined as confirmed (>3 mo apart) eGFR In the D:A:D study, 641 individuals developed CKD during 103,185 person-years of follow-up (PYFU; incidence 6.2/1,000 PYFU, 95% CI 5.7-6.7; median follow-up 6.1 y, range 0.3-9.1 y). Older age, intravenous drug use, hepatitis C coinfection, lower baseline eGFR, female gender, lower CD4 count nadir, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) predicted CKD. The adjusted incidence rate ratios of these nine categorical variables were scaled and summed to create the risk score. The median risk score at baseline was -2 (interquartile range -4 to 2). There was a 1: 393 chance of developing CKD in the next 5 y in the low risk group (risk score = 5, 505 events), respectively. Number needed to harm (NNTH) at 5 y when starting unboosted atazanavir or lopinavir/ritonavir among those with a low risk score was 1,702 (95% CI 1,166-3,367); NNTH was 202 (95% CI 159-278) and 21 (95% CI 19-23), respectively, for those with a medium and high risk score. NNTH was 739 (95% CI 506-1462), 88 (95% CI 69-121), and 9 (95% CI 8-10) for those with a low, medium, and high risk score, respectively, starting tenofovir, atazanavir/ritonavir, or another boosted protease inhibitor. The Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort included 2,548 individuals, of whom 94 individuals developed CKD (3.7%) during 18,376 PYFU (median follow-up 7.4 y, range 0.3-12.7 y). Of 2,013 individuals included from the SMART/ESPRIT control arms, 32 individuals developed CKD (1.6%) during 8,452 PYFU (median follow-up 4.1 y, range 0.6-8.1 y). External validation showed that the risk score predicted well in these cohorts. Limitations of this study included limited data on race and no information on proteinuria. Conclusions Both traditional and HIV-related risk factors were predictive of CKD. These factors were used to develop a risk score for CKD in HIV infection, externally validated, that has direct clinical relevance for patients and clinicians to weigh the benefits of certain antiretrovirals against the risk of CKD and to identify those at greatest risk of CKD.Peer reviewe

Upconversion emission in Er(3+)-doped lead niobium germanate thin-film glasses produced by pulsed laser deposition

5 pages, 6 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 78.20.-e, 78.47.Cd, 78.55.Qr, 78.66.Jg.-- Printed version published on Nov 2008.Thin films of Er(3+)-doped lead–niobium germanate have been produced by pulsed laser deposition from Er(3+)-doped 25PbO2–25Nb2O5–50GeO2 (mol%) transparent glasses with an Er content in the range 0.5–3 wt%. The room-temperature infrared to visible upconversion properties of these thin films have been investigated under 800-nm laser excitation. An energy transfer upconversion mechanism has been identified to be responsible for the population of the 4S3/2:2H11/2 excited level, from which an intense green emission occurs. A rate equation analysis supports the proposed mechanism.We wish to thank the Spanish Ministry of Educación y Ciencia (MAT 2004-6868, MAT 2005-06508-C02, and MAT 2007-63319) for financial support.Peer reviewe

La violencia contra la mujer en la pareja como factor asociado a una mala salud física y psíquica

ObjetivoEstudiar el impacto en la salud física y psíquica de la violencia contra la mujer en la pareja.DiseñoTransversal.EmplazamientoCentros de atención primaria de 3 provincias de la Comunidad Autónoma Andaluza.ParticipantesUn total de 425 mujeres de entre 18 y 65 años asistentes a 6 centros. Se elisieron aleatoriamente sisuiendo el mismo procedimiento en cada centro.Mediciones principalesCuestionario estructurado autoadministrado que recose, además de las variables sociodemográficas, variables relacionadas con el maltrato e indicadores de salud física (presencia de enfermedad crónica y tipo, intervenciones quirúrgicas a lo largo de la vida y días pasados en cama), psíquica (morbilidad psíquica, consumo de tranquilizantes, antidepresivos, analgésicos, alcohol y drogas no legales), salud autopercibida y apoyo social.ResultadosLa frecuencia de maltrato fue del 31,5%. Las mujeres víctimas de maltrato presentaron mayor riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas. La asociación entre el maltrato y pasar más de 7 días en cama fue estadísticamente significativa (odds ratio [OR] = 2,96; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,00-8,76). El maltrato presentó una asociación significativa con la morbilidad psíquica (OR = 2,68; IC del 95%, 1,60-4,49) y con la salud autopercibida (OR = 1,89; IC del 95%, 1,04-3,43) tras ajustar por otras variables.ConclusionesLos resultados de este trabajo muestran que el maltrato global se asocia con una peor salud psíquica y una peor salud autopercibida. Las lesiones físicas no son la única "prueba" de la existencia de violencia doméstica. Los profesionales de atención primaria pueden desempeñar un papel esencial para ayudar a las mujeres que sufren abusos de sus parejas.ObjectiveTo study the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) on women's physical and psychological health.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingPrimary care centers in 3 Andalusian provinces.PatientsA total of 425 women, aged 18 to 65 years, were recruited following the same randomisation process in 6 primary care centers.MeasurementsA self-administered structured questionnaire for this study was used to gather the information. As well as sociodemographic variables, the instrument included questions about IPV, physical health indicators (chronic disease and type, lifetime surgeries, days in bed), psychological health (psychological morbidity, use of tranquilizers, antidepressants, pain killers, alcohol and recreational drugs), self-perceived health and social support.ResultsOf 425 women, 31.5% ever experienced any type of partner violence. Women experiencing IPV were more likely to suffer a chronic disease. IPV was significantly associated with a number of adverse health outcomes, including spending more than 7 days in bed in the last three months (ORa=2.96; CI 95%, 1.00-8.76), psychological morbidity (ORa=2.68; CI 95%, 1.60-4.49) and worse self-perceived health (ORa=1.89; CI 95%, 1.04-3.43), after controlling for potential confounding variables.ConclusionsThis study shows that ever experiencing IPV is associated with a worse psychological and self-perceived health. Physical injuries are not the only «evidence» of the presence of IPV. Primary health care proffessionals are in a privileged position to help women who are abused by their partners

Domestic violence as a factor associated to women's health problems

OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) on women's physical and psychological health. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Primary care centers in 3 Andalusian provinces. PATIENTS: A total of 425 women, aged 18 to 65 years, were recruited following the same randomisation process in 6 primary care centers. MEASUREMENTS: A self-administered structured questionnaire for this study was used to gather the information. As well as sociodemographic variables, the instrument included questions about IPV, physical health indicators (chronic disease and type, lifetime surgeries, days in bed), psychological health (psychological morbidity, use of tranquilizers, antidepressants, pain killers, alcohol and recreational drugs), self-perceived health and social support. RESULTS: Of 425 women, 31.5% ever experienced any type of partner violence. Women experiencing IPV were more likely to suffer a chronic disease. IPV was significantly associated with a number of adverse health outcomes, including spending more than 7 days in bed in the last three months (ORa=2.96; CI 95%, 1.00-8.76), psychological morbidity (ORa=2.68; CI 95%, 1.60-4.49) and worse self-perceived health (ORa=1.89; CI 95%, 1.04-3.43), after controlling for potential confounding variables. CONCLUSION: This study shows that ever experiencing IPV is associated with a worse psychological and self-perceived health. Physical injuries are not the only "evidence" of the presence of IPV. Primary health care professionals are in a privileged position to help women who are abused by their partners.Fuente de financiación: Red Temática de Investigación de Salud y Género (ISCIII) (G03/042) y Red de Investigación en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (C03/09).YesObjetivo. Estudiar el impacto en la salud física y psíquica de la violencia contra la mujer en la pareja. Diseño. Transversal. Emplazamiento. Centros de atención primaria de 3 provincias de la Comunidad Autónoma Andaluza. Participantes. Un total de 425 mujeres de entre 18 y 65 años asistentes a 6 centros. Se eligieron aleatoriamente siguiendo el mismo procedimiento en cada centro. Mediciones principales. Cuestionario estructurado autoadministrado que recoge, además de las variables sociodemográficas, variables relacionadas con el maltrato e indicadores de salud física (presencia de enfermedad crónica y tipo, intervenciones quirúrgicas a lo largo de la vida y días pasados en cama), psíquica (morbilidad psíquica, consumo de tranquilizantes, antidepresivos, analgésicos, alcohol y drogas no legales), salud autopercibida y apoyo social. Resultados. La frecuencia de maltrato fue del 31,5%. Las mujeres víctimas de maltrato presentaron mayor riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas. La asociación entre el maltrato y pasar más de 7 días en cama fue estadísticamente significativa (odds ratio [OR] = 2,96; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,00-8,76). El maltrato presentó una asociación significativa con la morbilidad psíquica (OR = 2,68; IC del 95%, 1,60-4,49) y con la salud autopercibida (OR = 1,89; IC del 95%, 1,04-3,43) tras ajustar por otras variables. Conclusiones. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran que el maltrato global se asocia con una peor salud psíquica y una peor salud autopercibida. Las lesiones físicas no son la única «prueba» de la existencia de violencia doméstica. Los profesionales de atención primaria pueden desempeñar un papel esencial para ayudar a las mujeres que sufren abusos de sus pareja