442 research outputs found

    Thermodynamic gauge-theory cascade

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    It is proposed that the cooling of a thermalized SU(NN) gauge theory can be formulated in terms of a cascade involving three effective theories with successively reduced (and spontaneously broken) gauge symmetries, SU(NN) \to U(1)N1^{N-1} \to ZN_N. The approach is based on the assumption that away from a phase transition the bulk of the quantum interaction inherent to the system is implicitly encoded in the (incomplete) classical dynamics of a collective part made of low-energy condensed degrees of freedom. The properties of (some of the) statistically fluctuating fields are determined by these condensate(s). This leads to a quasi-particle description at tree-level. It appears that radiative corrections, which are sizable at large gauge coupling, do not change the tree-level picture qualitatively. The thermodynamic self-consistency of the quasi-particle approach implies nonperturbative evolution equations for the associated masses. The temperature dependence of these masses, in turn, determine the evolution of the gauge coupling(s). The hot gauge system approaches the behavior of an ideal gas of massless gluons at asymptotically large temperature. A negative equation of state is possible at a stage where the system is about to settle into the phase of the (spontaneously broken) ZN_N symmetry.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, 1 reference added, minor corrections in text, errors in Sec. 3.2 corrected, PRD versio

    Charged pion form factor between Q^2=0.60 and 2.45 GeV^2. II. Determination of, and results for, the pion form factor

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    The charged pion form factor, Fpi(Q^2), is an important quantity which can be used to advance our knowledge of hadronic structure. However, the extraction of Fpi from data requires a model of the 1H(e,e'pi+)n reaction, and thus is inherently model dependent. Therefore, a detailed description of the extraction of the charged pion form factor from electroproduction data obtained recently at Jefferson Lab is presented, with particular focus given to the dominant uncertainties in this procedure. Results for Fpi are presented for Q^2=0.60-2.45 GeV^2. Above Q^2=1.5 GeV^2, the Fpi values are systematically below the monopole parameterization that describes the low Q^2 data used to determine the pion charge radius. The pion form factor can be calculated in a wide variety of theoretical approaches, and the experimental results are compared to a number of calculations. This comparison is helpful in understanding the role of soft versus hard contributions to hadronic structure in the intermediate Q^2 regime.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figure

    Measurement of (anti)deuteron and (anti)proton production in DIS at HERA

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    The first observation of (anti)deuterons in deep inelastic scattering at HERA has been made with the ZEUS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 300--318 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 120 pb-1. The measurement was performed in the central rapidity region for transverse momentum per unit of mass in the range 0.3<p_T/M<0.7. The particle rates have been extracted and interpreted in terms of the coalescence model. The (anti)deuteron production yield is smaller than the (anti)proton yield by approximately three orders of magnitude, consistent with the world measurements.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, submitted to Nucl. Phys.

    Precision measurement of the deuteron spin structure function g1dg^{d}_{1}

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    We report on a high-statistics measurement of the deuteron spin structure function g[sup d][sub 1] at a beam energy of 29 GeV in the kinematic range 0.029 < x < 0.8 and 1 < Q2 < 10 (GeV/c)2. The integral Gamma [sup d][sub 1] = (integral)[sup 1][sub 0]g[sup d][sub 1]dx evaluated at fixed Q2 = 3 (GeV/c)2 gives 0.042 ± 0.003(stat) ± 0.004(syst). Combining this result with our earlier measurement of g[sup p][sub 1], we find Gamma [sup p][sub 1]- Gamma [sup n][sub 1] = 0.163 ± 0.010(stat) ± 0.016(syst), which agrees with the prediction of the Bjorken sum rule with O( alpha [sup 3][sub s]) corrections, Gamma [sup p][sub 1]- Gamma [sup n][sub 1] = 0.171 ± 0.008. We find the quark contribution to the proton helicity to be Delta q = 0.30 ± 0.06

    Measurements of R=sigma_L/sigma_T for 0.03<x<0.1 and Fit to World Data

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    Measurements were made at SLAC of the cross section for scattering 29 GeV electrons from carbon at a laboratory angle of 4.5 degrees, corresponding to 0.03<x<0.1 and 1.3<Q^2<2.7 GeV^2. Values of R=sigma_L/sigma_T were extracted in this kinematic range by comparing these data to cross sections measured at a higher beam energy by the NMC collaboration. The results are in reasonable agreement with pQCD calculations and with extrapolations of the R1990 parameterization of previous data. A new fit is made including these data and other recent results.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, late

    Separation of the Longitudinal and Transverse Cross Sections in the p(ee'K)Lambda and p(ee'K)Sigma Reactions

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    We report measurements of cross sections for the reaction p(e,e'K)Y, for both the Lambda and Sigma_0 hyperon states, at an invariant mass of W=1.84 GeV and four-momentum transfers 0.5<Q2<2 (GeV/c)2. Data were taken for three values of virtual photon polarization, allowing the decomposition of the cross sections into longitudinal and transverse components. The Lambda data is a revised analysis of prior work, whereas the Sigma_0 results have not been previously reported.Comment: 17 pages, 18 figures, REVTEX 4, submitted to Physical Review

    Deep inelastic inclusive and diffractive scattering at Q2Q^2 values from 25 to 320 GeV2^2 with the ZEUS forward plug calorimeter

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    Deep inelastic scattering and its diffractive component, epeγpeXNep \to e^{\prime}\gamma^* p \to e^{\prime}XN, have been studied at HERA with the ZEUS detector using an integrated luminosity of 52.4 pb1^{-1}. The MXM_X method has been used to extract the diffractive contribution. A wide range in the centre-of-mass energy WW (37 -- 245 GeV), photon virtuality Q2Q^2 (20 -- 450 GeV2^2) and mass MXM_X (0.28 -- 35 GeV) is covered. The diffractive cross section for 2<MX<152 < M_X < 15 GeV rises strongly with WW, the rise becoming steeper as Q2Q^2 increases. The data are also presented in terms of the diffractive structure function, F2D(3)F^{\rm D(3)}_2, of the proton. For fixed Q2Q^2 and fixed MXM_X, \xpom F^{\rm D(3)}_2 shows a strong rise as \xpom \to 0, where \xpom is the fraction of the proton momentum carried by the Pomeron. For Bjorken-x<1103x < 1 \cdot 10^{-3}, \xpom F^{\rm D(3)}_2 shows positive logQ2\log Q^2 scaling violations, while for x5103x \ge 5 \cdot 10^{-3} negative scaling violations are observed. The diffractive structure function is compatible with being leading twist. The data show that Regge factorisation is broken.Comment: 89 pages, 27 figure

    Search for leptophobic Z ' bosons decaying into four-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

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    Search for black holes and other new phenomena in high-multiplicity final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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    Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

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