Comparative Study of Pancreas of Frugivorous, Carnivorous and Insectivorous Bat

Bat is an unique flying mammal represented by more than hundred genera which shows variable feeding habits like frugivorous, insectivorous, nectar eater, carnivorous,  sanguivorous etc.  In the present work the pancreas of bats were studies which have the different dietary habits. Rousettus leschenaulti a frugivorous bat, Megaderma lyra lyra a carnivorous bat and Scotophilus heathi an insectivorous bat were selected. The pancreas of  Rousettus leschenaulti was bilobed with head, neck and body with tail having a length between 1.2 to 1.7 cm. long. The pancreas of Megaderma lyra lyra was axe or hatchet shaped having a length of 1.0 to 1.5 cm. containing head neck and body. The pancreas of Scotophilus heathi was serrated leaf shaped having two lobes one shorter than the other consisting of head neck and body. The body weight  pancreas weight ratio was observed it was to be   1.02 mg./ gm. body weight in Rousettus leschenaulti, 3.63 mg./ gm. body weight in Megaderma lyra lyra and   5.28  mg./ gm. body weight in  Scotophilus heathi.The endocrine islets of Langerhan’s was found to be in between 3000 µ² to 36000 µ² having several hundred islet cells in Rousettus leschenaulti, 200 µ² to 3500 µ² in diameter consisting of few to hundred cells.in  Megaderma lyra lyra and  75 µ² to 3900 µ² containing few islet cells in Scotophilus heathi. All islet shows variable percentage of alpha, beta and delta cells secreting different hormones. Keywords :- Bat, Pancreas, Rousettus leschenaulti, Megaderma lyra lyra, Scotophilus heathi

The Length Weight Relationship of a Riverine Fish Chela bacaila ( Gunther )

The length-weight relationship of a fish Chela bacaila (Gunther) was studied which was collected from Wainganga river. The entire length-weight data were analyzed by least squire method. The length-weight relationship of Chela bacaila was studied in 386 fishes under three categories as male, female and common. Their corresponding parabolic representations are male C. bacaila W = 0.006634 L2.9086 , female C. bacaila W = 0.012325 L 2.6478 and common C. bacaila W = 0.013283 L 2.8097. The equilibrium constant is found to be 2.9086 in males, 2.6478 in females and 2.8097 common. The males are heavier than females at equal length. The equilibrium constant not obeys the cube law because it deviates from 3. The value of b found to be less than three hence it indicates the river condition was not found good for healthy development of Chela bacaila . Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Chela bacaila, Riverine fish

Acinar Cell Types in the Pancreas of Frugivorous Bat Rousettus leschenaulti (Desmarest)

The pancreas is an unique exocrine and endocrine gland secrets both enzymes and hormones respectively.The pancreas of frugivorous bat Rousettus leschenaulti was consisting of head neck and bilobed tail or uncinate process. The length of uncinate ranges between 1.0 to 1.7 cm. Histologically the exocrine part of pancreas of Rousettus leschenaulti before and after foraging shows different acinar cell types. During before foraging stage the pyramid shaped cells with spherical nucleus are the Active acinar cells. The size of the nuclui measures between 3.57 µ to 4.25 µ. while bats with after foraging stage shows cuboidal shaped with oval nucleus with more chromatin and zymogen granules shows Resting acinar cells.The size of the nuclei ranges between  2.67 µ to 3.92 µ in diameter. The pacinian corpuscles were observed at after feeding stage and were not found at before feeding stage. Keywords: Acinar cell, Bat, Pancreas, Rousettus leschenault

Ethnobotanical Studies on Plant Resources of Tahsil Multai, District Betul, Madhya Pradesh, India

The present investigation was carried out in Tahsil Multai, a region dominated by the Korku and Gond tribes. A large number of traditional herbal healers exist belonging to the tribal community and are utilizing local plants in ethno-medicinal practices prevalent in the area and resulted in the documentation of 47 medicinal plant species belonging to 29 families and 45 genera. The study thus underlines the potentials of the ethnobotanical research and the need for the documentation of traditional ecological knowledge pertaining to the medicinal plant utilization for the greater benefit of mankind in different regions

Length - Weight Relationship of A Riverine Fish Barilius barila (Gunther)

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