Elephant Search with Deep Learning for Microarray Data Analysis

Even though there is a plethora of research in Microarray gene expression data analysis, still, it poses challenges for researchers to effectively and efficiently analyze the large yet complex expression of genes. The feature (gene) selection method is of paramount importance for understanding the differences in biological and non-biological variation between samples. In order to address this problem, a novel elephant search (ES) based optimization is proposed to select best gene expressions from the large volume of microarray data. Further, a promising machine learning method is envisioned to leverage such high dimensional and complex microarray dataset for extracting hidden patterns inside to make a meaningful prediction and most accurate classification. In particular, stochastic gradient descent based Deep learning (DL) with softmax activation function is then used on the reduced features (genes) for better classification of different samples according to their gene expression levels. The experiments are carried out on nine most popular Cancer microarray gene selection datasets, obtained from UCI machine learning repository. The empirical results obtained by the proposed elephant search based deep learning (ESDL) approach are compared with most recent published article for its suitability in future Bioinformatics research.Comment: 12 pages, 5 Tabl

The Procedural Due Process Requirements for No-Fly Lists

[Excerpt] “Imagine arriving at the airport and checking in at the ticketing booth. You tell the ticketing agent your name, your flight number, and show the agent your identification. The agent enters the information into the terminal and a look of shock appears on his or her face. While other passengers are waiting behind you, the agent calls for security and mentions in front of other passengers that you are denied from boarding the plane. Now imagine that you are a famous United States senator arriving from a political convention and the ticketing agent tells you that you cannot board a plane because your name appears in a database. Or imagine that you are an ACLU lawyer who spoke at a conference concerning terrorism and are denied boarding because your name appears in a database. Or imagine that you are a former pop star singer who converted to Islam and are denied boarding a plane. Whether you are a leisure traveler, a political figurehead, a professional business traveler, or popular figure in society, the security measures for air travel in this post 9/11 era affect everyone. […] This article will focus on why placing an individual’s name on a No-Fly or Selectee List without prior notice or a hearing is a violation of the Fifth Amendment’s due process clause. Part II will provide a general background of the Transportation Security Administration and the agency’s authority to generate the No-Fly and the Selectee Lists. Part III will focus on why placing passengers on one of the lists deprives them of their right to interstate travel and reputation sufficient to invoke the Fifth Amendment’s due process clause. Part IV will discuss why passengers are entitled to notice and a hearing prior to placement of their names on the lists and the requirements for a constitutionally adequate hearing.

CONCEPT AND CONTEXT OF NEW EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE

Globalization, liberalization, technological development, infrastructure development and WTO etc. are ‘contexts’, which have the potential to positively influence the quantity and quality of women’s participation in agriculture in India’s North Eastern Region. Women in agriculture in this part of the country, are going to get more and more employments both in the value chain and in newer ‘concepts’ (work avenues) being created. However, in practice, many of these current and would be ‘contexts’ and ‘concepts’ are not and would not be unmixed blessings. In the short-run, some of the changes may bring in miseries to the women folks. However, in the long run, women in this region are going to gain the lion’s share of these ensuing opportunities, because they are ideologically more empowered vis-a vis women in rest of India. Having said this, the fact is also that, this ideological empowerment has not greatly been translated into economic and political empowerment in terms of access to land, assets, credit, information, knowledge etc. Hence, the need of the hour is to promote more such empowerment in the institutional levels. This will brighten their access to new work avenues in agriculture in the near future.Agriculture; employment; women; globalization; liberalization; North East India;empowerment; gender

URBAN INFORMAL MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN ORISSA - A CASE STUDY OF CUTTACK CITY

Promotion of the urban informal sector has become the new strategy of development in the developing economies. This paper attempts a study of some of the important characteristics of this sector in the city of Cuttack and compares it with that of the formal sector. The major strengths of this sector are its low capital requirement, higher employment generation capacity with lower amount of capital base and flexibility. Important weaknesses of this sector are, (i) its segmentation on the basis of industrial activities, employment size, capital base, pattern of linkages, and productivity levels and, (ii) its skewed employment structure of being an absolute domain for males. Specific policies for specific sectors of the IMS may be formulated to tackle the former. To overcome the latter, state can undertake some positive measures in the field of credit, training, skill formation and marketing to encourage more entry of women.Urban; informal sector;manufacturing;Orissa, India; Cuttack;Employment; training; skill; credit; marketing; capital; finance; linkage; productivity

Gelfand-Dikii Brackets for Nonstandard Supersymmetric Systems

We show how a general nonstandard Lax equation (supersymmetric or otherwise) can be expressed as a standard Lax equation. This enables us to define the Gelfand-Dikii brackets for a nonstandard supersymmetric equation. We discuss the Hamiltonian structures for the nonstandard super KP system and work out explicitly the two Hamiltonian structures of the supersymmetric Two Boson system from this point of view.Comment: Plain Tex file, no figure