A Tale of Three Cities : OmegaCAM discovers multiple sequences in the color-magnitude diagram of the Orion Nebula Cluster

Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, © 2017 ESO. Published by EDP Sciences.As part of the Accretion Discs in H$\alpha$ with OmegaCAM (ADHOC) survey, we imaged in r, i and H-alpha a region of 12x8 square degrees around the Orion Nebula Cluster. Thanks to the high-quality photometry obtained, we discovered three well-separated pre-main sequences in the color-magnitude diagram. The populations are all concentrated towards the cluster's center. Although several explanations can be invoked to explain these sequences we are left with two competitive, but intriguing, scenarios: a population of unresolved binaries with an exotic mass ratio distribution or three populations with different ages. Independent high-resolution spectroscopy supports the presence of discrete episodes of star formation, each separated by about a million years. The stars from the two putative youngest populations rotate faster than the older ones, in agreement with the evolution of stellar rotation observed in pre-main sequence stars younger than 4 Myr in several star forming regions. Whatever the final explanation, our results prompt for a revised look at the formation mode and early evolution of stars in clusters.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Differences in adjustment by child developmental stage among caregivers of children with disorders of sex development

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The current study sought to compare levels of overprotection and parenting stress reported by caregivers of children with disorders of sex development at four different developmental stages.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Caregivers (<it>N </it>= 59) of children with disorders of sex development were recruited from specialty clinics and were asked to complete the Parent Protection Scale and Parenting Stress Index/Short Form as measures of overprotective behaviors and parenting stress, respectively.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were conducted to examine differences between caregiver report of overprotection and parenting stress. Results revealed that caregivers of infants and toddlers exhibited more overprotective behaviors than caregivers of children in the other age groups. Further, caregivers of adolescents experienced significantly more parenting stress than caregivers of school-age children, and this effect was driven by personal distress and problematic parent-child interactions, rather than having a difficult child.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results suggest that caregivers of children with disorders of sex development may have different psychosocial needs based upon their child's developmental stage and based upon the disorder-related challenges that are most salient at that developmental stage.</p

Extrasolar planet population synthesis IV. Correlations with disk metallicity, mass and lifetime

Context. This is the fourth paper in a series showing the results of planet population synthesis calculations. Aims. Our goal in this paper is to systematically study the effects of important disk properties, namely disk metallicity, mass and lifetime on fundamental planetary properties. Methods. For a large number of protoplanetary disks we calculate a population of planets with our core accretion formation model including planet migration and disk evolution. Results. We find a large number of correlations: Regarding the planetary initial mass function, metallicity, disk mass and disk lifetime have different roles: For high [Fe/H], giant planets are more frequent. For high disk masses, giant planets are more massive. For long disk lifetimes, giant planets are both more frequent and massive. At low metallicities, very massive giant planets cannot form, but otherwise giant planet mass and metallicity are uncorrelated. In contrast, planet masses and disk gas masses are correlated. The sweet spot for giant planet formation is at 5 AU. In- and outside this distance, higher planetesimals surface densities are necessary. Low metallicities can be compensated by high disk masses, and vice versa, but not ad infinitum. At low metallicities, giant planets only form outside the ice line, while at high metallicities, giant planet formation occurs throughout the disk. The extent of migration increases with disk mass and lifetime and usually decreases with metallicity. No clear correlation of metallicity and the semimajor axis of giant planets exists because in low [Fe/H] disks, planets start further out, but migrate more, whereas for high [Fe/H] they start further in, but migrate less. Close-in low mass planets have a lower mean metallicity than Hot Jupiters. Conclusions. The properties of protoplanetary disks are decisive for the properties of planets, and leave many imprints.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for A&

DEFLUÊNCIA MIDIÁTICA NA PERCEPÇÃO DA VERACIDADE DAS INFORMAÇÕES

Since the end of the 1970s, when the process and invention of digital social networks began until the present day, there has been a constant and growing adherence to these networks, which currently have more than three billion users. Due to the uninterrupted flow of information and consequent dynamism present in social networks, most of its users do not use them only as a form of socialization, but also as a form of data consultation (from the most diverse areas of knowledge) and as an open space for the expression of their beliefs and ideas. However, despite the qualities in relation to greater access to knowledge (given the number of users of social networks and the informality present in these) and the freedom of expression made possible by the networks, there is a very large stage for the dissemination of false news and posts, which implies the question of the growth of the disinformation cycle and the process of sharing fake news. This article carried out a systematic survey, through the base of articles and journals web of science and, subsequently, an analysis of relevant articles (impact factor and citation) seeking to understand the concept of media influence and the factors that lead people to accept certain untruths even when presented with the correct facts.Desde finales de la década de 1970, cuando comenzó el proceso y la invención de las redes sociales digitales hasta nuestros días, ha habido una adhesión constante y creciente de estas redes, que actualmente acumulan más de tres mil millones de usuarios. Debido al flujo ininterrumpido de información y el consecuente dinamismo presente en las redes sociales, la mayoría de sus usuarios no solo las utilizan como una forma de socialización, sino también como una forma de consulta de datos (desde las más diversas áreas del conocimiento) y como un espacio abierto para la expresión de sus creencias e ideas. Sin embargo, a pesar de las cualidades en relación a un mayor acceso al conocimiento (dada la cantidad de usuarios de las redes sociales y la informalidad presente en estas) y la libertad de expresión que posibilitan las redes, existe un escenario muy grande para la difusión de noticias y publicaciones falsas, lo que implica el tema del crecimiento del ciclo de desinformación y en el proceso de compartir noticias falsas. Este artículo realizó una encuesta sistemática, a través de la base de datos de artículos y revistas web of science y, posteriormente, un análisis de los artículos relevantes (factor de impacto y citación) buscando comprender el concepto de defluencia mediática y los factores que llevan a las personas a aceptar ciertas falsedades incluso cuando se presentan a los hechos correctos.Desde o fim da década de 70, quando foi iniciado o processo e a invenção das redes sociais digitais, até os dias atuais, houve uma aderência constante e crescente dessas redes, que atualmente acumulam mais de três bilhões de usuários. Pelo ininterrupto fluxo de informações e consequente dinamismo presente nas redes sociais, grande parte de seus usuários não as usam apenas como forma de socialização, mas também como forma de consulta de dados (das mais diversas áreas do conhecimento) e como um espaço aberto para a expressão de suas crenças e ideias. Porém, apesar das qualidades em relação ao maior acesso ao conhecimento (dada a quantia de usuários de redes sociais e a informalidade presente nestas) e da liberdade de expressão possibilitados pelas redes, há um palco muito grande para a difusão de notícias e postagens falsas, o que implica na questão do crescimento do ciclo de desinformação e no processo de compartilhamento de notícias de cunho falso. Este artigo fez um levantamento sistemático, por meio da base de artigos e periódicos web of science e, posteriormente, uma análise dos artigos relevantes (fator de impacto e citação) procurando entender o conceito de defluência midiática e os fatores que levam as pessoas a aceitarem certas inverdades, mesmo quando são apresentadas aos fatos corretos.Desde o fim da década de 70, quando foi iniciado o processo e a invenção das redes sociais digitais, até os dias atuais, houve uma aderência constante e crescente dessas redes, que atualmente acumulam mais de três bilhões de usuários. Pelo ininterrupto fluxo de informações e consequente dinamismo presente nas redes sociais, grande parte de seus usuários não as usam apenas como forma de socialização, mas também como forma de consulta de dados (das mais diversas áreas do conhecimento) e como um espaço aberto para a expressão de suas crenças e ideias. Porém, apesar das qualidades em relação ao maior acesso ao conhecimento (dada a quantia de usuários de redes sociais e a informalidade presente nestas) e da liberdade de expressão possibilitados pelas redes, há um palco muito grande para a difusão de notícias e postagens falsas, o que implica na questão do crescimento do ciclo de desinformação e no processo de compartilhamento de notícias de cunho falso. Este artigo fez um levantamento sistemático, por meio da base de artigos e periódicos web of science e, posteriormente, uma análise dos artigos relevantes (fator de impacto e citação) procurando entender o conceito de defluência midiática e os fatores que levam as pessoas a aceitarem certas inverdades, mesmo quando são apresentadas aos fatos corretos

Adjuvant High-Dose Chemotherapy with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Support for High-Risk Primary Breast Cancer: Results from the Italian National Registry

n/

Human dendritic cells activated with MV130 induce Th1, Th17 and IL-10 responses via RIPK2 and MyD88 signalling pathways

Recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) are the first leading cause of community-and nosocomial-acquired infections. Antibiotics remain the mainstay of treatment, enhancing the potential to develop antibiotic resistances. Therefore, the development of new alternative approaches to prevent and treat RRTIs is highly demanded. Daily sublingual administration of the whole heat-inactivated polybacterial preparation (PBP) MV130 significantly reduced the rate of respiratory infections in RRTIs patients, however, the immunological mechanisms of action remain unknown. Herein, we study the capacity of MV130 to immunomodulate the function of human dendritic cells (DCs) as a potential mechanism that contribute to the clinical benefits. We demonstrate that DCs from RRTIs patients and healthy controls display similar ex vivo immunological responses to MV130. By combining systems biology and functional immunological approaches we show that MV130 promotes the generation of Th1/Th17 responses via receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-2 (RIPK2)-and myeloid-differentiation primary-response gene88 (MyD88)-mediated signalling pathways under the control of IL-10. In vivo BALB/c mice sublingually immunized with MV130 display potent systemic Th1/Th17 and IL-10 responses against related and unrelated antigens. We elucidate immunological mechanisms underlying the potential way of action of MV130, which might help to design alternative treatments in other clinical conditions with high risk of recurrent infections.This work was supported by grant IPT-2012-0639-090000 from INNPACTO and MINECO, Spain to Inmunotek S.L. The authors' laboratories are supported by grants SAF2014-52706-R to O.P. from MINECO, Spain, and SAF2016-79040R to D.S. from MINECO and European Fund for Regional Development, Spain. O.P. is a Ramon y Cajal Scholar funded by MINECO and the European Social Fund. L.C. is a recipient of a European Respiratory Society Fellowship (RESPIRE2-2013-3708). We thank to Juan Lopez-Relano and Sarai Martinez-Cano for excellent technical assistance with mice experiments.S

Circumstellar disks and planets. Science cases for next-generation optical/infrared long-baseline interferometers

We present a review of the interplay between the evolution of circumstellar disks and the formation of planets, both from the perspective of theoretical models and dedicated observations. Based on this, we identify and discuss fundamental questions concerning the formation and evolution of circumstellar disks and planets which can be addressed in the near future with optical and infrared long-baseline interferometers. Furthermore, the importance of complementary observations with long-baseline (sub)millimeter interferometers and high-sensitivity infrared observatories is outlined.Comment: 83 pages; Accepted for publication in "Astronomy and Astrophysics Review"; The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

Clinical approach for the classification of congenital uterine malformations

A more objective, accurate and non-invasive estimation of uterine morphology is nowadays feasible based on the use of modern imaging techniques. The validity of the current classification systems in effective categorization of the female genital malformations has been already challenged. A new clinical approach for the classification of uterine anomalies is proposed. Deviation from normal uterine anatomy is the basic characteristic used in analogy to the American Fertility Society classification. The embryological origin of the anomalies is used as a secondary parameter. Uterine anomalies are classified into the following classes: 0, normal uterus; I, dysmorphic uterus; II, septate uterus (absorption defect); III, dysfused uterus (fusion defect); IV, unilateral formed uterus (formation defect); V, aplastic or dysplastic uterus (formation defect); VI, for still unclassified cases. A subdivision of these main classes to further anatomical varieties with clinical significance is also presented. The new proposal has been designed taking into account the experience gained from the use of the currently available classification systems and intending to be as simple as possible, clear enough and accurate as well as open for further development. This proposal could be used as a starting point for a working group of experts in the field

Performance of the CMS Cathode Strip Chambers with Cosmic Rays

The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47 microns to 243 microns. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns

Protoplanetary Disks of T Tauri Binary Systems in the Orion Nebula Cluster

We present a study of protoplanetary disks in spatially resolved low-mass binary stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) to assess the impact of binarity on the properties of circumstellar disks. This is currently the largest such study in a clustered high-stellar-density star-forming environment. We particularly aim to determine the presence of magnetospheric accretion and dust disks for each binary component, and measure the overall disk frequency. We carried out spatially resolved adaptive-optics-assisted observations to acquire near-IR photometry and spectroscopy of 26 binaries in the ONC, and determine stellar parameters such as effective temperatures, spectral types, luminosities, and masses, as well as accretion properties and near-infrared excesses for the individual binary components. A fraction of 40(+10/-9)% of the binary components in the sample can be inferred to be T Tauri stars possessing an accretion disk, marginally fewer than the disk fraction of single stars. We find that disks in wide binaries of >200AU separation are consistent with random pairing, while the evolution of circumprimary and circumsecondary disks is observed to be synchronized in close binaries (separations <200AU). Circumbinary disks appear to be unsuitable to explain this difference. Furthermore, we identify several mixed pairs of accreting and non-accreting components, suggesting that these systems are common and that there is no preference for either the more or less massive component to evolve faster. The derived accretion luminosities and mass accretion rates of the ONC binary components are of similar magnitude as those for both ONC single stars and binaries in the Taurus star-forming region. The paper concludes with a discussion of the (presumably weak) connection between the presence of inner accretion disks in young binary systems and the existence of planets in stellar multiples.(abridged)Comment: 22 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic