New tourist uses for the mining heritage in Spain

España se configuró a lo largo del siglo XIX como uno de los principales suministradores de minerales para la industria de los países europeos avanzados. La crisis del sector puesta de manifiesto a partir de los años ochenta del siglo pasado ha conllevado el cierre de la mayor parte de las explotaciones mineras españolas. La necesidad de reactivación económica de estas comarcas en crisis ha propiciado el surgimiento de iniciativas que pretenden recuperar su rico patrimonio minero como un atractivo turístico. En los últimos años se han abierto numerosos equipamientos turísticos bajo diferentes denominaciones (parques mineros, museos, centros de interpretación…) que han contribuido a rescatar del olvido el patrimonio minero. Elemento del espacio productivo como galerías, cortas, almacenes, talleres, ferrocarriles o castilletes, y del reproductivo, como hospitales o viviendas obreras, se han rehabilitado y acondicionado para mostrar al turista el pasado de esas comunidadesSpain was along the nineteenth century one of the leading suppliers of industrial minerals to advanced European countries. The crisis from the eighties of the last century led to the closure of most of the Spanish mines. The need for economic recovery in these regions in crisis has led to the emergence of initiatives aimed at recovering its rich mining heritage as a tourist attraction. In recent years numerous tourist facilities have opened under different names (mining parks, museums, interpretation centers ...) that have contributed to rescue from oblivion the mining heritage. Elements of the productive space such as opencast or underground mines, warehouses, workshops, railroads or headframes, and others of the reproductive space, such as hospitals or worker housing, had been rehabilitated and equipped to show to the tourists the history of their communities

Azucarera Montañesa-Lechera Montañesa (Torrelavega, Cantabria): fracasos industriales, gran valor patrimonial

In 2019, the Government of Cantabria initiated a file for the declaration of the La Lechera de Torrelavega building as a Cultural Asset with the category of monument.The objective of this paper is to know the history of this relevant centenary building and establish its equity valuation.Unfortunately, not much documentation has been kept about the building and its successive owners in the historical archives, so the daily press has been consulted.Its industrial history began in 1899 as a sugar factory by the Azucarera Montañesa.After two decades of activity, the factory closed without reaching the initially planned objectives. In 1926 the building was rehabilitated and transformed into a factory of condensed milk and dairy products by its new owner the Sociedad Lechera Montañesa. After several years closed, in 1985 the building became the headquarters of the Cantabria Trade Fair. Once the fair activity is finished, the building lacks continued use, although there are several projects for its rehabilitation for cultural purposesEn 2019 el Gobierno de Cantabria incoó expediente para la declaración del edificio de La Lechera de Torrelavega como Bien de Interés Cultural con la categoría de monumento. El objetivo de este estudio es profundizar en la historia de este relevante edificio centenario y establecer su valoración patrimonial. Desgraciadamente no se ha conservado mucha documentación acerca del edificio y sus sucesivos propietarios en los archivos históricos, por lo que se ha recurrido a la consulta de la prensa diaria para suplir esa carencia. Su historia industrial comenzó en 1899 como fábrica de azúcar de la mano de la Azucarera Montañesa. Tras dos décadas en funcionamiento la fábrica cerró sin alcanzar los objetivos previstos inicialmente. En 1926 el edificio se rehabilitó y transformó en fábrica de leche condensada y derivados lácteos por su nueva propietaria la Sociedad Lechera Montañesa. Tras varios años de abandono, en 1985 el edificio se acondicionó como sede de la Feria de Muestras de Cantabria. Una vez que cesó la actividad ferial, el edificio carece de un uso continuado, si bien hay varios proyectos para su rehabilitación con fines culturales

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Una experiencia fallida en la minería del norte de España: La Compagnie des Mines et Fonderies de la Province de Santander et Quirós (1855-1888)

In the middle of the 19th century several mining companies were established with the idea of exploiting the zincfields which were in the subsoil of Cantabria. One of these companies was Compagnie des Mines et Fonderies de la Province de Santander et Quirós, which was in charge of exploiting the zinc mines of Comillas, Udías and La Florida for three decades. In Asturias this company also exploited the iron and coal mines of Quirós, where it built some blast-furnaces making good use of the raw material available in the area. It also set up a rolling mill in Trubia. Every single business that this company started came out to be a failure, due to the importance of its competitors or to the obsolete technology used. The text analyzes the problems that the French company had to face to be able to “survive” in the North of Spain for more than three decades.A mediados del siglo XIX se constituyeron varias compañías mineras con el objeto de explotar los yacimientos de zinc que guardaba el subsuelo de Cantabria. Una de éstas fue la Compagnie des Mines et Fonderies de la Province de Santander et Quirós, que durante tres décadas se ocupó principalmente de la explotación de las minas de zinc de Comillas, Udías y La Florida. En Asturias también explotó las minas de hierro y carbón de Quirós, en donde, aprovechando la disponibilidad de materias primas, construyó unos altos hornos; asimismo, en Trubia instaló una fábrica de laminados. Cada uno de los negocios que emprendió resultó un fracaso, bien por la importancia de sus competidores o bien por la obsolescencia de la tecnología empleada. El texto muestra los avatares de la compañía francesa durante las más de tres décadas que “sobrevivió” en el Norte de España

Touristic Reusing of Mining Heritage in Cantabria

Con el cierre definitivo de las minas de Cantabria se buscaron diferentes soluciones económicas para paliar la crisis. Una de éstas ha sido el turismo. Desde la apertura del Parque de la Naturaleza de Cabárceno en 1990 hasta la actualidad se han llevado a cabo varios proyectos turísticos que han tenido como base el pasado minero. En este artículo se analizan las actuaciones realizadas y en proyecto que han tenido en cuenta este patrimonio minero.ABSTRACT: When the mines in Cantabria closed down, different economical solutions were looked for in order to alleviate this crisis. One of these solutions has been tourism. Since the Nature Park of Cabárceno was opened in 1990 until today several projects have been carried out to retrieve the mining heritage. This paper analyses all the projects carried out in Cantabria where the mining heritage has been or will be a basic element to consider in the near future