Sistematización experiencia práctica profesional en investigación Acciones educativas para la prevención de riesgos laborales en agricultores de la vereda agudita Fusagasugá - Cundinamarca

Realizar aciones educativas para la prevención de riesgos laborales en agricultores de la vereda agudita Fusagasugá – CundinamarcaLa educación para la prevención de los riesgos laborales es fundamental para el autocuidado, y más en poblaciones vulnerables como los agricultores, que se ven expuestos a diversos peligros en las actividades en el campo, de acuerdo con el Plan Decenal de Salud Púbica y la Estrategia de Entorno Laborable Informal del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social se prioriza para esta población los riesgos biomecánicos, químicos y biológicos. Por esta razón se realiza la sistematización de práctica profesional “Acciones educativas para la prevención de riesgos laborales en agricultores de la vereda agudita Fusagasugá – Cundinamarca”, donde participaron 13 agricultores de la finca orquídea y doradita. El desarrollo de la sistematización se realizó mediante el modelo de Oscar Jara(1994) y comprendió la caracterización de la población, inspección de condiciones de trabajo mediante el instrumento diseñado por el Ministerio de trabajo y la Organización Iberoamericana de Seguridad, la ejecución de las actividades de capacitación y la evaluación de su impacto a nivel de conocimientos, permitiendo conocer los resultados positivos o negativos referentes al nivel de aprendizaje y adquisición del conocimiento. Como resultado de la práctica se evidencia que la mayoría de los agricultores son hombres entre una edad de 19 a 61 años, dedicados a esta ocupación desde hace 5 a 15 años, desconocen a los peligros a los cuales se encuentran expuestos, por lo cual no se implementan controles y podrían presentarse accidentes o enfermedades laborales con consecuencias graves,Education for the prevention of occupational risks is essential for self-care, and more in vulnerable populations such as farmers, who are exposed to various dangers in activities in the field, according to the Ten-Year Public Health Plan and the Informal Working Environment Strategy of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection, biomechanical risks are prioritized for this population, chemical and biological. For this reason, the systematization of professional practice "Educational actions for the prevention of occupational risks in farmers of the Aguadita Village Fusagasugá – Cundinamarca" is carried out, where 13 farmers from the orchid and doradita farm participated. The development of the systematization was carried out using the model of Oscar Jara (1994) and included the characterization of the population, inspection of working conditions through the instrument designed by the Ministry of Labor and the Ibero-American Security Organization, the execution of training activities and the evaluation of their impact at the level of knowledge, allowing to know the positive or negative results regarding the level of learning and acquisition of knowledge. As a result of the practice it is evident that most farmers are men between the ages of 19 to 61 years, dedicated to this occupation for 5 to 15 years, are unaware of the dangers to which they are exposed, so controls are not implemented and could occur accidents or occupational diseases with serious consequences

Sistematización experiencia práctica profesional en investigación Acciones educativas para la prevención de riesgos laborales en agricultores de la vereda agudita Fusagasugá - Cundinamarca

Realizar aciones educativas para la prevención de riesgos laborales en agricultores de la vereda agudita Fusagasugá – CundinamarcaLa educación para la prevención de los riesgos laborales es fundamental para el autocuidado, y más en poblaciones vulnerables como los agricultores, que se ven expuestos a diversos peligros en las actividades en el campo, de acuerdo con el Plan Decenal de Salud Púbica y la Estrategia de Entorno Laborable Informal del Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social se prioriza para esta población los riesgos biomecánicos, químicos y biológicos. Por esta razón se realiza la sistematización de práctica profesional “Acciones educativas para la prevención de riesgos laborales en agricultores de la vereda agudita Fusagasugá – Cundinamarca”, donde participaron 13 agricultores de la finca orquídea y doradita. El desarrollo de la sistematización se realizó mediante el modelo de Oscar Jara(1994) y comprendió la caracterización de la población, inspección de condiciones de trabajo mediante el instrumento diseñado por el Ministerio de trabajo y la Organización Iberoamericana de Seguridad, la ejecución de las actividades de capacitación y la evaluación de su impacto a nivel de conocimientos, permitiendo conocer los resultados positivos o negativos referentes al nivel de aprendizaje y adquisición del conocimiento. Como resultado de la práctica se evidencia que la mayoría de los agricultores son hombres entre una edad de 19 a 61 años, dedicados a esta ocupación desde hace 5 a 15 años, desconocen a los peligros a los cuales se encuentran expuestos, por lo cual no se implementan controles y podrían presentarse accidentes o enfermedades laborales con consecuencias graves,Education for the prevention of occupational risks is essential for self-care, and more in vulnerable populations such as farmers, who are exposed to various dangers in activities in the field, according to the Ten-Year Public Health Plan and the Informal Working Environment Strategy of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection, biomechanical risks are prioritized for this population, chemical and biological. For this reason, the systematization of professional practice "Educational actions for the prevention of occupational risks in farmers of the Aguadita Village Fusagasugá – Cundinamarca" is carried out, where 13 farmers from the orchid and doradita farm participated. The development of the systematization was carried out using the model of Oscar Jara (1994) and included the characterization of the population, inspection of working conditions through the instrument designed by the Ministry of Labor and the Ibero-American Security Organization, the execution of training activities and the evaluation of their impact at the level of knowledge, allowing to know the positive or negative results regarding the level of learning and acquisition of knowledge. As a result of the practice it is evident that most farmers are men between the ages of 19 to 61 years, dedicated to this occupation for 5 to 15 years, are unaware of the dangers to which they are exposed, so controls are not implemented and could occur accidents or occupational diseases with serious consequences

Memorias del V Congreso internacional de investigación aplicada “Ecosistemas digitales” VIII Simposio internacional de ciencia innovación y tecnología (2023)

El Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje, como entidad pública de formación integral, se esfuerza por desarrollar habilidades en sus aprendices para proponer y ejecutar soluciones dirigidas a mejorar la productividad y competitividad, tanto a nivel empresarial como nacional. Con el objetivo de contribuir activamente a este propósito y generar conocimiento que alimente de manera efectiva los programas curriculares, los proyectos en Tecnoparques y el sector productivo, el Grupo de Investigación Suomaya presenta el V Congreso Internacional de Investigación Aplicada ‘Ecosistemas Digitales’ y el VIII Simposio Internacional de Ciencia, Innovación y Tecnología

Seafood Consumption, Omega-3 Fatty Acids Intake, and Life-Time Prevalence of Depression in the PREDIMED-Plus Trial

Background: The aim of this analysis was to ascertain the type of relationship between fish and seafood consumption, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) intake, and depression prevalence. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Fish and seafood consumption and ω-3 PUFA intake were assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Self-reported life-time medical diagnosis of depression or use of antidepressants was considered as outcome. Depressive symptoms were collected by the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between seafood products and ω-3 PUFA consumption and depression. Multiple linear regression models were fitted to assess the association between fish and long-chain (LC) ω-3 PUFA intake and depressive symptoms. Results: Out of 6587 participants, there were 1367 cases of depression. Total seafood consumption was not associated with depression. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quintiles of consumption of fatty fish were 0.77 (0.63–0.94), 0.71 (0.58–0.87), and 0.78 (0.64–0.96), respectively, and p for trend = 0.759. Moderate intake of total LC ω-3 PUFA (approximately 0.5–1 g/day) was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of depression. Conclusion: In our study, moderate fish and LC ω-3 PUFA intake, but not high intake, was associated with lower odds of depression suggesting a U-shaped relationship

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Dementia in Latin America : paving the way towards a regional action plan

Regional challenges faced by Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACs) to fight dementia, such as heterogeneity, diversity, political instabilities, and socioeconomic disparities, can be addressed more effectively grounded in a collaborative setting based on the open exchange of knowledge. In this work, the Latin American and Caribbean Consortium on Dementia (LAC-CD) proposes an agenda for integration to deliver a Knowledge to Action Framework (KtAF). First, we summarize evidence-based strategies (epidemiology, genetics, biomarkers, clinical trials, nonpharmacological interventions, networking and translational research) and align them to current global strategies to translate regional knowledge into actions with transformative power. Then, by characterizing genetic isolates, admixture in populations, environmental factors, and barriers to effective interventions and mapping these to the above challenges, we provide the basic mosaics of knowledge that will pave the way towards a KtAF. We describe strategies supporting the knowledge creation stage that underpins the translational impact of KtAF