Ich bin erwachsen

Der Beitrag handelt vom Erwachsenwerden von Jugendlichen mit intellektueller Behinderung. Die Arbeit greift den Umstand auf, dass Menschen mit intellektueller Behinderung häufig in ihrer Familie oder in Wohngruppen isoliert sind und ihnen der Erwachsenen-Status abgesprochen wird. In der theoretischen Auseinandersetzung ist der Bereich Peers und Freizeit bei Menschen mit Behinderung sehr lückenhaft. Es stellt sich die Frage wie soziale Beziehungen (Eltern, Familie, Peers, Gesellschaft) das Erwachsenwerden und die Autonomieentwicklung unterstützen und beeinflussen. Die Autorin wählt in diesem Kontext ein Modell der Entwicklungspsychologie das sich auf zu erfüllenden Entwicklungsaufgaben bezieht, um die Grundlage der Arbeit zu bilden. Das Ziel ist Unterstützungskonzepte aufzuzeigen, welche Menschen mit Behinderung in die Gesellschaft inkludieren und bei ihrer Autonomieentwicklung unterstützen. Zudem wird in der Empirie mithilfe von Leitfadeninterviews, die Lebenswelt und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten der Autonomieentwicklung von Jugendlichen mit intellektueller Behinderung dargestellt. Durch Befragungen von BetreuerInnen und ExpertInnen wird eine zusätzliche Perspektive beleuchtet. Hier kann die positive Beeinflussung von Peers für die Vielfalt an Freizeitaktivitäten erkannt werden, jedoch auch die häufige Beschränkung von sozialen Beziehungen auf Wohn- und Arbeitsbereich. Eltern spielen bei der Entscheidung zuhause wohnen zu bleiben, oder auszuziehen eine wichtige Rolle. Die Situation in den Herkunftsfamilien wird akzeptiert und nicht hinterfragt. Die Studie zeigt, dass die Jugendlichen sich im geringen Ausmaß für ihr Leben selbst verantwortlich fühlen und sie in vielerlei Hinsicht Fremdbestimmung erfahren. Konzepte wie der „Circle of support“, oder Freizeitassistenz setzen an diesen Punkt an und unterstützen soziale Beziehungen.This thesis focuses on the problems that young people with intellectual disabilites face as they become adults. The discussion pays particular attention to the fact that these young people are often isolated in their families or living facilities, and that their adult status is not recognized. In the theoretical discussion on this topic, little attention has been paid to peer groups and recreation. The question arises of how social relationships – with family, peers, or others in society – influence becoming an autonomous adult. As the basis of this work, the author chooses a model of developmental psychology that draws on the fulfillment of developmental duties. The goal of this work is to identify ideas that serve to bring the disabled into society and support the development of their autonomy. Moreover, an empirical analysis – based on guided interviews – is carried out to portray how the young disabled develop autonomy and what sources of help they encounter. This analysis also includes interviews of caretakers. While the analysis shows that peers can have a positive effect on leisure activies, the disabled often have limited experiences in their living and working environments. Parents play an important role in deciding whether young disabled people stay at home or move out. In biological families, the social situation is often simply accepted and not discussed. This study shows that the disabled young feel minimally responsible for forming their life situation and that they often experience that others make important decisions for them. Concepts such as the “Circle of Support” or recreational assistants address this point and could lead to more sustainable social realtionships

Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow

The heart is uniquely responsible for providing its own blood supply through the coronary circulation. Regulation of coronary blood flow is quite complex and, after over 100 years of dedicated research, is understood to be dictated through multiple mechanisms that include extravascular compressive forces (tissue pressure), coronary perfusion pressure, myogenic, local metabolic, endothelial as well as neural and hormonal influences. While each of these determinants can have profound influence over myocardial perfusion, largely through effects on end-effector ion channels, these mechanisms collectively modulate coronary vascular resistance and act to ensure that the myocardial requirements for oxygen and substrates are adequately provided by the coronary circulation. The purpose of this series of Comprehensive Physiology is to highlight current knowledge regarding the physiologic regulation of coronary blood flow, with emphasis on functional anatomy and the interplay between the physical and biological determinants of myocardial oxygen delivery. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:321-382, 2017

Inventory of current EU paediatric vision and hearing screening programmes

Background: We examined the diversity in paediatric vision and hearing screening programmes in Europe. Methods: Themes relevant for comparison of screening programmes were derived from literature and used to compile three questionnaires on vision, hearing and public-health screening. Tests used, professions involved, age and frequency of testing seem to influence sensitivity, specificity and costs most. Questionnaires were sent to ophthalmologists, orthoptists, otolaryngologists and audiologists involved in paediatric screening in all EU fullmember, candidate and associate states. Answers were cross-checked. Results: Thirty-nine countries participated; 35 have a vision screening programme, 33 a nation-wide neonatal hearing screening programme. Visual acuity (VA) is measured in 35 countries, in 71% more than once. First measurement of VA varies from three to seven years of age, but is usually before the age of five. At age three and four picture charts, including Lea Hyvarinen are used most, in children over four Tumbling-E and Snellen. As first hearing screening test otoacoustic emission (OAE) is used most in healthy neonates, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) in premature newborns. The majority of hearing testing programmes are staged; children are referred after one to four abnormal tests. Vision screening is performed mostly by paediatricians, ophthalmologists or nurses. Funding is mostly by health insurance or state. Coverage was reported as >95% in half of countries, but reporting was often not first-hand. Conclusion: Largest differences were found in VA charts used (12), professions involved in vision screening (10), number of hearing screening tests before referral (1-4) and funding sources (8)

"Material- und Energieflussanalyse der UdSSR sowie ihrer Vorgängerstaaten und der Russischen Föderation im Zeitraum 1900 bis 2009"

Birgit Gaugl, BAZusammenfassung in englischer SpracheAlpen Adria Universität Klagenfurt, Masterarbeit, 2016(VLID)241254

Pilotstudie über den Einsatz einer prozessorientierten Kalkulation für einen mittelständischen Automobilzulieferanten

Ausgehend von den Grundlagen der Kostenrechnung werden die Funktionsweise und die damit verbundenen Effekte der traditionellen Kalkulationsverfahren dem prozessorientierten Kalkulationsansatz gegenübergestellt. Potentielle Mängel beider Kalkulationsansätze werden erläutert. Im Zuge der Pilotstudie wird eine prozessorientierte Kalkulation erstellt. Durch die Erstellung einer Prozesskostenkalkulation in der Praxis werden Vorteile und potentielle Probleme, welche aus diesem alternativen Kalkulationsverfahren resultieren, erarbeitet. Weiters wird der Nutzen und der Aufwand für die Implementierung einer prozessorientierten Kalkulation bewertet. Mittels einer Referenzkalkulation wird eine Gegenüberstellung der Kalkulationsergebnisse durch traditionelle Zuschlagskalkulation und prozessorientierter Kalkulation vorgenommen. Basierend auf den erhaltenen Ergebnissen wird abschließend bewertet, ob und wie die Verwendung einer prozessorientierten Kalkulation sinnvoll ist

Living without sanctuary

Through their close interconnection with technology, humans and their needs within society are rapidly changing. Technology slowly but firmly introduces us to new ways of living. This process happens so smoothly, that we don’t really get a chance to choose or refuse this new way of life. One of these socially influential technologies is photography. Apart from its relevance as an art practice, its general role has shifted from a memory-creating tool to an even more documentative one. The camera can be considered a prosthesis which enables our eyes to see more, and differently. It expands our visual abilities as well as influencing our memory. At the same time though, it might disable us when it comes to experiencing a moment authentically. How much do we gain and how much do we lose when introducing photography into a moment? The camera as a prosthesis has already grown to be a crucial organ for human beings, but it remains a technical extension for our bodies. Could evolution respond to this new need of ours by genetically and organically adapting our bodies in some way? By making use of speculative design methods, this project explores the possibility of a future society in which evolution has equipped us with an organic documentative organ as a response to our current needs, based on our relationship with photography. Comparable to lungs that provide us with oxygen, the new organ’s purpose would be to create a perfect documentation of one’s life and to communicate it to others. In this possible future society, our bodies would naturally and automatically fulfil the task of constant documentation, which would take away the option of choosing which moments to document and share. In other words, we would be the observing subject and the observed object, anywhere, anytime. What would life be like in a world that is public space, one where there is no sanctuary? How would we interact? What would that mean to concepts like security, memory, empathy? And first and foremost, what does that mean to life as we are living it now? Through imagining a possible future society, this project aims to raise questions about our current use of photography and the surrounding ethics

Some Effects of X-irradiation on the Plasma Corticosterone, Adrenal Weights, and Differential Leukocyte Count in the Rat

The purpose of the present study was twofold: (1) to determine if X-irradiation can be considered a direct stress agent, and if so, to what extent it differs from other stressors; and (2) to further elucidate the role of the adrenal cortex in the radiation syndrome by determining the more immediate responses of this system to X-irradiation

How photography changes the now and the future

This thesis deals with the question of how the present moment, the now, is being changed by its materialization through photography. As a consequence, the question of how this photographic intervention in the now can change the future, will be asked and dealt with. This paper is based on the observation of people’s behaviour when it comes to photography. The simple experience of a certain moment seems not to be sufficient nor satisfying. People seem to strive for materializing the now, the moment that they are experiencing by taking photos. Grotesquely, the now that people try to capture, seems to be changed by exactly this attempt. As a consequence, the now that people are living in is not authentic anymore, just like the photograph resulting from this intervention does not and cannot show reality as it is. So, what is the literal and actual worth of a photo, if it changes what it wants but fails to represent? In this paper, a few possible reasons for the modern obsession with photography, such as satisfaction, power, self-knowledge and recognition are being discussed. The theoretical background is based upon theorists such as Roland Barthes, Celia Lury and Vilém Flusser