9,032 research outputs found

    East Sussex school nurses' experiences of the National Child Measurement programme in 2008/09 and their views on the role of school nurses in tackling childhood obesity

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    The National Child Measurement Porgramme (NCMP) is one element of the government's Healthy Weight, Healthy Lives strategy. It aims to gather population level data to analyse trends in childhood obesity, inform local planning and engage with families about healthy livestyles and weight issues. Routine feedback of NCMP results has recently been introduced in order to inform parents if their child's weight is unhealthy. Moreover, Primary Care Trusts are being encouraged to proactively follow up children with unhealthy weights and offer parents appropriate advice and referral.School nurses are instrumental in weighting and measuring reception and year 6 aged children for the NCMP on an annual basis. As health professionals working in an educational setting, they also have a unique position in schools and are viewed as playing a pivital role in tackling childhood obesity, often being the first point of contact for parents who are concerned abouth their child's weight. Yet there is a dearth of studies into their experiences of how the NCMP is working in practice, how they perceive their role in the routine feedback of results and how they view their wider role in tackling childhood obesity in school settings. This study undertook one-to-one interviews with a sampe of 15 school nurses working in East Sussex primary schools. It aimed to find out their experiences of the NCMP in 2008/09, how the programme is working in practice and their views of the role of school nurses in tackling childhood obesity, particuarly when routine feedback of results is introduced in the county in 2010. Findings suggest that measuring children has impacts on school nurse workloads and is often viewed as an inappropriate use of time. Moreover, it is not always easy to adhere to some of the NCMP guidelines for measuring children. The findings also suggest that issues suck as a lack of training provision and care pathways for childhood obesity undermine the competence and confidence school nurses to tackle childhood obesity in East Sussex. recommendations are made as how this might be addressed

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    This item was digitized by the Internet Archive. Thesis (M.B.A.)--Boston Universit

    Assessment of Pelagic Food Webs in Mendums Pond, NH

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    This study focused on the relationship between plankton in Mendums Pond, NH. A grazing experiment was conducted to determine the effect of zooplankton on the phytoplankton population. The phytoplankton were largely composed of net plankton (75 %) and this fraction was dominated by cyanobacteria (84.5 %) even though this was a slightly acidic system. Data indicated that the mean body length of zooplankton increased with depth. The average body length of Daphnia ranged from 1.4 mm in the epilimnion to 1.9 mm in the hypolimnion. Copepods followed a similar trend increasing in average body length from 0.85 mm to 0.95 mm. The high numbers of cyanobacteria and copepods resulted in a 17.92 % day-1 grazing rate indicating that almost 18 % of the total lake water was filtered every day by the zooplankton. This also suggests that the phytoplankton are reproducing at a higher rate than they are being consumed by grazers. This may raise concerns about the future diversity of the food web as cyanobacteria reproduce and become more dominant in this system

    Suspension Testing of 3 Heavy Vehicles - Methodology and Preliminary Frequency Analysis

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    Three air-sprung heavy vehicles (HVs) were instrumented and tested on typical suburban and highway road sections at typical operational speeds. The vehicles used were a tri-axle semi-trailer towed with a prime mover, an interstate coach with 3 axles and a school bus with 2 axles. The air springs (air bags) of the axle/axle group of interest were configured such that they could be connected using either standard longitudinal air lines or an innovative suspension system comprising larger-than-standard longitudinal air lines. Data for dynamic forces on axles, wheels and chassis were gathered for the purposes of: analysis of the relative performance of the HVs for the two sizes of air lines; informing the QUT/Main Roads project Heavy vehicle suspensions – testing and analysis; and providing a reference source for future projects. This reports sets down the methodology and preliminary results of the testing carried out. Accordingly, Fast-Fourier plots are provided to show indicative frequency spectra for HV axles, wheel forces and air springs during typical use. The results are documented in Appendices 3 to 5. There appears to be little or no correlation between dynamic forces in the air springs and the wheel forces in the HVs tested. Axle-hop at frequencies between 10-15 Hz predominated for unsprung masses in the HV suspensions tested. Air-spring forces are present in the sub-1.0 Hz to approximately 2 Hz frequency range. With the qualification that only one set of data from each test speed is presented herein, in general, the peaks in the frequency spectra of the body-bounce forces and wheel forces were reduced for the tests with the larger longitudinal air lines. More research needs to be done on the load sharing mechanisms between axles on air-sprung HVs. In particular, how and whether improved load sharing can be effected and whether better load sharing between axles will reduce dynamic wheel and chassis forces. This last point, in particular, in relation to the varied dynamic measures used by the HV testing community to compare different suspension types

    Automated plotting of equipotentials

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    By substitution of resistance paper for normal plotting paper, an x-y plotter can be used to draw automatically the equipotential lines between components represented in planar form on the paper. This technique is used for high voltage electronic components of complex configuration for the prediction of stress in the intervening insulation

    Time Series Analysis of Pavement Roughness Condition Data for use in Asset Management

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    Roughness is a direct measure of the unevenness of a longitudinal section of road pavement. Increased roughness corresponds to decreased ride comfort and increased road user costs. Roughness is relatively inexpensive to measure. Measuring roughness progression over time enables pavement deterioration, which is the result of a complex and chaotic system of environmental and road management influences, to be monitored. This in turn enables the long term functional behaviour of a pavement network to be understood and managed. A range of approaches has been used to model roughness progression for assistance in pavement asset management. The type of modelling able to be undertaken by road agencies depends upon the frequency and extent of data collection, which are consequences of funding available. The aims of this study are to increase the understanding of unbound granular pavement performance by investigating roughness progression, and to model roughness progression to improve roughness prediction methods. The pavement management system in place within the project partner road agency and the data available to this study lend themselves to a methodology allowing roughness progression to be investigated using financial maintenance and physical condition information available for each 1km pavement segment in a 16,000km road network

    The Jurisprudence of Transformation: Intellectual Incoherence and Doctrinal Murkiness Twenty Years After Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music

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    Examining recent judicial opinions, this Article analyzes and critiques the transformative-use doctrine two decades after the U.S. Supreme Court introduced it into copyright law in Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music. When the Court established the transformative-use concept, which plays a critical role in fair-use determinations today, its contours were relatively undefined. Drawing on an influential law-review article, the Court described a transformative use as one that adds “new expression, meaning or message.” Unfortunately, the doctrine and its application are increasingly ambiguous, with lower courts developing competing conceptions of transformation. This doctrinal murkiness is particularly disturbing because fair use is a key proxy for First Amendment interests in copyright law. This Article traces the evolution of transformative use, analyzes three key paradigms of transformative use that have gained prominence in the post-Campbell environment, and offers suggestions for a jurisprudence in which transformative use is a less significant component of the fair-use analysis
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