Tree Species and Precipitation Effect on the Soil Microbial Community Structure and Enzyme Activities in a Tropical Dry Forest Reserve

We examined the soil microbial community structure and soil enzyme potential within three dominant tree species at a tropical dry forest during five months. Changes within microbial community in response to sampling periods and tree species were evaluated using fatty acid methyl-ester and enzymes potential. We found that both tree species and precipitation determined microbial community structure and enzyme potential. This is the first study that provides insight into the soil microbial community at Guánica Dry Forest, a valuable contribution that will help elucidate strategies for better management and protection of the soil biota of the area

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions

Interactions of Soil Order and Land Use Management on Soil Properties in the Kukart Watershed, Kyrgyzstan

Surveys of soil properties related to soil functioning for many regions of Kyrgyzstan are limited. This study established ranges of chemical (soil organic matter (SOM), pH and total N (TN)), physical (soil texture), and biochemical (six enzyme activities of C, N, P, and S cycling) characteristics for nine profiles from the Kukart watershed of Jalal-Abad region in Kyrgyzstan. These profiles represent different soil orders (Inceptisols, Alfisols, and Mollisols) and land uses (cultivated, nut-fruit forests, and pasture). The Sierozem (Inceptisols) soils had the highest pH and contained the lowest SOM and TN contents compared to the Brown, Black-brown, and Meadow-steppe soils (Alfisols and Mollisols). Enzymatic activities within surface horizons (0–18 cm) typically decreased in the following order: forest > pasture > cultivated. Enzyme activity trends due to land use were present regardless of elevation, climate, and soil types although subtle differences among soil types within land use were observed. The significant reductions in measured soil enzyme activities involved in C, N, P, and S nutrient transformations under cultivation compared to pasture and forest ecosystems and lower values under Inceptisols can serve as soil quality indicators for land use decisions in the watershed

ESTUDIO DE LA DISTRIBUCIÓN ESPACIAL DE Scirtothrips sp. (INSECTA: THYSANOPTERA) Y SU CONTROL MEDIANTE EL DEPREDADOR Orius insidiosus SAY. EN EL CULTIVO DE AGUACATE EN MÉXICO

"El uso de diferentes alternativas para el control de plagas y enfermedades es importante en la elaboración de programas de manejo integrado. El presente estudio se realizó con la finalidad de conocer la distribución espacial de Scirtothrips sp. y la efe

Archaeological research in the sierras and plains of the Province of San Luis: advances in the characterization of the archaeological record of the Middle and Late Holocene

En este trabajo se resumen algunas de las principales evidencias generadas a lo largo de los últimos 3 años desde el proyecto “Investigaciones arqueológicas en Sierras y Llanuras de la provincia de San Luis”. Dado que el área es extensa, los esfuerzos se concentraron mayormente en la caracterización de las cuencas alta y media del Río Quinto y sus tributarios, además de la cuenca alta del río Conlara. Se hizo hincapié en las estrategias de explotación de los recursos vegetales y faunísticos, las representaciones rupestres y la tecnología lítica como líneas de evidencias principales, aun cuando presentan diferentes grados en su resolución actual. Los resultados indican las siguientes tendencias: consumo de un amplio espectro de recursos, representaciones rupestres con espacialidades heterogéneas y variabilidad de fuentes potenciales de materias primas líticas y canteras-taller. Algunas de estas tendencias coinciden con lo propuesto para Sierras Centrales durante el Holoceno medio y final.This paper summarizes the results of the last three years of research by the project “Archaeological research in the mountains and plains of the Province of San Luis.” Since the area is large, efforts concentrated on characterizing the upper and middle basins of the Quinto River and its tributaries as well as the upper basin of the Conlara River. Research focused on past strategies for exploiting plant and animal resources, rock art, and lithic technology, though these lines of evidence have different degrees of resolution. The results indicate the following trends: consumption of a wide spectrum of resources, rock art representations with heterogeneous spatialities, and a variety of sources of potential lithic raw materials and stone workshop quarries. Some of these trends follow those proposed for central Sierras during the middle and final Holocene.Fil: Curtoni, Rafael Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano; ArgentinaFil: Borgo, Mariangeles. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Lalinde Aguilar, Veronica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano; ArgentinaFil: Martínez Quiroz, Víctor Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, Gustavo Norberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Paleontológicas del Cuaternario Pampeano; ArgentinaFil: Heider, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Chiesa, Jorge Orlando. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología; ArgentinaFil: Dupuy Acosta, Pedro José. Provincia de San Luis. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente, Campo y Producción; ArgentinaFil: Oliván, Augusto Santiago. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Ramos, Gabriela. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; Argentin