Current and Future Niche of North and Central American Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Climate Change Scenarios

Ecological niche models are useful tools to infer potential spatial and temporal distributions in vector species and to measure epidemiological risk for infectious diseases such as the Leishmaniases. The ecological niche of 28 North and Central American sand fly species, including those with epidemiological relevance, can be used to analyze the vector’s ecology and its association with transmission risk, and plan integrated regional vector surveillance and control programs. In this study, we model the environmental requirements of the principal North and Central American phlebotomine species and analyze three niche characteristics over future climate change scenarios: i) potential change in niche breadth, ii) direction and magnitude of niche centroid shifts, iii) shifts in elevation range. Niche identity between confirmed or incriminated Leishmania vector sand flies in Mexico, and human cases were analyzed. Niche models were constructed using sand fly occurrence datapoints from Canada, USA, Mexico, Guatemala and Belize. Nine non-correlated bioclimatic and four topographic data layers were used as niche components using GARP in OpenModeller. Both B2 and A2 climate change scenarios were used with two general circulation models for each scenario (CSIRO and HadCM3), for 2020, 2050 and 2080. There was an increase in niche breadth to 2080 in both scenarios for all species with the exception of Lutzomyia vexator. The principal direction of niche centroid displacement was to the northwest (64%), while the elevation range decreased greatest for tropical, and least for broad-range species. Lutzomyia cruciata is the only epidemiologically important species with high niche identity with that of Leishmania spp. in Mexico. Continued landscape modification in future climate change will provide an increased opportunity for the geographic expansion of NCA sand flys’ ENM and human exposure to vectors of Leishmaniases

Orientational Effects and Random Mixing in 1‑Alkanol + Nitrile Mixtures

1-Alkanol + alkanenitrile or + benzonitrile systems have been investigated by means of the molar excess functionsenthalpies (Hm E ), isobaric heat capacities (Cp,m E ), volumes (Vm E ), and entropiesand using the Flory model and the concentration−concentration structure factor (SCC(0)) formalism. From the analysis of the experimental data available in the literature, it is concluded that interactions are mainly of dipolar type. In addition, large Hm E values contrast with rather low Vm E values, indicating the existence of strong structural effects. Hm E measurements have been used to evaluate the enthalpy of the hydroxyl−nitrile interactions (ΔHOH−CN). They are stronger in methanol systems and become weaker when the alcohol size increases. In solutions with a given short chain 1-alkanol (up to 1-butanol), the replacement of ethanenitrile by butanenitrile weakens the mentioned interactions. Application of the Flory model shows that orientational effects exist in methanol or 1- nonanol, or 1-decanol + ethanenitrile mixtures. In the former solution, this is due to the existence of interactions between unlike molecules. For mixtures including 1-nonanol or 1-decanol, the systems at 298.15 K are close to their UCST (upper critical solution temperature), and interactions between like molecules are dominant. Orientational effects also are encountered in methanol or ethanol + butanenitrile mixtures because self-association of the alcohol plays a more important role. Aromaticity effect seems to enhance orientational effects. For the remainder of the systems under consideration, the random mixing hypothesis is attained to a rather large extent. Results from the application of the SCC(0) formalism show that homocoordination is the dominant trend in the investigated solutions, and are consistent with those obtained from the Flory model

Escucha México, Estrategias gráficas y cultura auditiva. Primavera 2022

Durante Primavera 2022, el equipo de PAP Escucha México trabajó en diferentes proyectos con el objetivo de crear conciencia y sensibilizar sobre temáticas relacionadas a la cultura y discapacidad auditiva y el ruido excesivo en Guadalajara. A través de diferentes fuentes y medios de apoyo logramos transmitir la problemática a la comunidad, esto con el propósito de crecer el conocimiento que se tiene de la cultura auditiva. Los proyectos individuales que participan dentro del PAP son Cruzada Contra el Ruido, Clínica Mariana Anaya Doll, Iniciativa México Cubrebocas Transparente, Brankia, redes sociales del PAP Escucha México, Universidad Incluyente ITESO y la planeación del 4to Encuentro Internacional de Cultura Auditiva.Cada uno de estos se enfoca en temáticas diferentes sin embargo todos engloban las mencionadas al inicio.ITESO, A.C

Orientational Effects and Random Mixing in 1-Alkanol + Alkanone Mixtures

1-Alkanol + alkanone systems have been investigated through the data analysis of molar excess functions, enthalpies, isobaric heat capacities, volumes and entropies, and using the Flory model and the formalism of the concentrationconcentration structure factor (SCC(0)). The enthalpy of the hydroxyl-carbonyl interactions has been evaluated. These interactions are stronger in mixtures with shorter alcohols (methanol-1-butanol) and 2-propanone or 2-butanone. However, effects related to the self-association of alcohols and to solvation between unlike molecules are of minor importance when compared with those which arise from dipolar interactions. Physical interactions are more relevant in mixtures with longer 1-alkanols. The studied systems are characterized by large structural effects. The variation of the molar excess enthalpy with the alcohol size along systems with a given ketone or with the alkanone size in solutions with a given alcohol are discussed in terms of the different contributions to this excess function. Mixtures with methanol show rather large orientational effects. The random mixing hypothesis is attained to a large extent for mixtures with 1-alkanols ≠ methanol and 2-alkanones. Steric effects and cyclization lead to stronger orientational effects in mixtures with 3-pentanone, 4-heptanone, or cyclohexanone. The increase of temperature weakens orientational effects. Results from SCC(0) calculations show that homocoordination is predominant and support conclusions obtained from the Flory model.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, under Project FIS2010-1695

Sexual Relationships in Hispanic Countries: a Literature Review

This is a pre-print of an article published in Current Sexual Health Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-020-00272-6Purpose of Review: Sexuality is a complex dimension for which culture seems to play an important role, particularly in countries that are more traditional. This review summarizes the knowledge about sexual relationships in Hispanic countries, considering sexual debut, attitudes, behaviors, and satisfaction. Recent Findings: In line with the literature reviewed, the sexual double standard seems to be continuing to influence sexual relationships. Some countries show more open expressions of sexuality based on the level of gender inequality or sexualized context, and within countries, variables such as religious commitment, family characteristics, and access to resources may play important roles in sexuality. Summary: Future research, policies, and interventions should consider these specific characteristics, including these forms of expression of sexuality, in the adjustment of cross-cultural and cross-national strategies

Studies of B-s2*(5840)(0) and B-s1(5830)(0) mesons including the observation of the B-s2*(5840)(0) -> (BKS0)-K-0 decay in proton- proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

Measurements of B-s2*(5840)(0) and B-s1(5830)(0) mesons are performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 fb(-1), collected with the CMS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The analysis studies P-wave B-s(0) meson decays into B(*)(+)K(-)and B(*)K-0(S)0, where the B+ and B-0 mesons are identified using the decays B+ -> J/psi K+ and B-0 -> J/psi K* (892)(0). The masses of the P-wave B-s(0) meson states are measured and the natural width of the B-s2*(5840)(0) state is determined. The first measurement of the mass difference between the charged and neutral B* mesons is also presented. The B-s2*(5840)(0) decay to (BKS0)-K-0 is observed, together with a measurement of its branching fraction relative to the B-s2*(5840)(0) -> B+K- decay.Peer reviewe

Measurement of B-s(0) meson production in pp and PbPb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV

The production cross sections of B-s(0) mesons and charge conjugates are measured in proton-proton (pp) and PbPb collisions via the exclusive decay channel B-s(0)-> J/ psi phi ->mu(+) mu(-) K+K- at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair and within the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <2.4 using the CMS detector at the LHC. The pp measurement is performed as a function of transverse momentum (P-T) of the B-s(0), mesons in the range of 7 to 50 GeV/c and is compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD calculations. The B s production yield in PbPb collisions is measured in two F t intervals, 7 to 15 and 15 to 50 GeV/c, and compared to the yield in pp collisions in the same kinematic region. The nuclear modification factor (R-AA) is found to be 1.5 +/- 0.6(stat) +/- 0.5(syst) for 7-15 GeV/c, and 0.87 +/- 0.30(stat) +/- 0.1 7(syst) for 15-50 GeV/c, respectively. Within current uncertainties, the B-s(0) results are consistent with models of strangeness enhancement, and suppression by parton energy loss, as observed for the B+ mesons. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Charged-particle angular correlations in XeXe collisions at root s(NN)=5.44 TeV

Azimuthal correlations of charged particles in xenon-xenon collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of root s(NN) = 5.44 TeV are studied. The data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC with a total integrated luminosity of 3.42 mu b(-1). The collective motion of the system formed in the collision is parametrized by a Fourier expansion of the azimuthal particle density distribution. The azimuthal anisotropy coefficients v(2), v(3), and v(4) are obtained by the scalar-product, two-particle correlation, and multiparticle correlation methods. Within a hydrodynamic picture, these methods have different sensitivities to noncollective and fluctuation effects. The dependence of the Fourier coefficients on the size of the colliding system is explored by comparing the xenon-xenon results with equivalent lead-lead data. Model calculations that include initial-state fluctuation effects are also compared to the experimental results. The observed angular correlations provide new constraints on the hydrodynamic description of heavy ion collisions.Peer reviewe

Measurement of exclusive rho(770)(0) photoproduction in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

Exclusive.(770) 0 photoproduction is measured for the first time in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at v s NN = 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector. The cross section s(.p..(770) 0 p) is 11.0 +/- 1.4 (stat) +/- 1.0 (syst) mu b at W. p = 92.6GeV for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies W. p between 29 and 213 GeV. The differential cross section ds/d| t| is measured in the interval 0.025 <| t| <1GeV 2 as a function of W. p, where t is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex. The results are compared with previous measurements and theoretical predictions. The measured cross section s(.p..(770) 0 p) has a power-law dependence on the photon-proton centre-of-mass, consistent with electron-proton collision measurements performed at HERA. The W. p dependence of the exponential slope of the differential cross section ds/d| t| is also measured.Peer reviewe