Expression of the gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor gene during development and intestinal tumorigenesis

AbstractWe examined the expression of GKLF (gut-enriched Krüppel-like factor), a recently identified zinc finger-containing transcription factor, in mice during development using the ribonuclease protection assay. In the adult, the level of GKLF transcript is abundant throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Between embryonic days 10 and 19 (E10 and E19) of development, the initial level of whole embryo GKLF transcript is low but begins to rise on E13 and peaks on E17. In the newborn, GKLF transcript level is higher in the colon than in the small intestine although the levels in both organs rise with increasing age. Expression of GKLF was also examined in the intestinal tract of the Min mouse, a model of intestinal tumorigenesis. The level of GKLF transcript is significantly decreased in the intestine of Min mice during a period of tumor formation when compared to age-matched control littermates. Our findings indicate that GKLF expression correlates with certain periods of gut development and is down-regulated during intestinal tumorigenesis, suggesting that GKLF may play a role in gut development and/or tumor formation

Innovative solutions to sticky situations: Antiadhesive strategies for treating bacterial infections

ABSTRACT Bacterial adherence to host tissue is an essential process in pathogenesis, necessary for invasion and colonization and often required for the efficient delivery of toxins and other bacterial effectors. As existing treatment options for common bacterial infections dwindle, we find ourselves rapidly approaching a tipping point in our confrontation with antibiotic-resistant strains and in desperate need of new treatment options. Bacterial strains defective in adherence are typically avirulent and unable to cause infection in animal models. The importance of this initial binding event in the pathogenic cascade highlights its potential as a novel therapeutic target. This article seeks to highlight a variety of strategies being employed to treat and prevent infection by targeting the mechanisms of bacterial adhesion. Advancements in this area include the development of novel antivirulence therapies using small molecules, vaccines, and peptides to target a variety of bacterial infections. These therapies target bacterial adhesion through a number of mechanisms, including inhibition of pathogen receptor biogenesis, competition-based strategies with receptor and adhesin analogs, and the inhibition of binding through neutralizing antibodies. While this article is not an exhaustive description of every advancement in the field, we hope it will highlight several promising examples of the therapeutic potential of antiadhesive strategies.</jats:p

Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants during large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19, Vietnam, 2021

We analyzed 1,303 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences from Vietnam, and found the Alpha and Delta variants were responsible for a large nationwide outbreak of COVID-19 in 2021. The Delta variant was confined to the AY.57 lineage and caused >1.7 million infections and >32,000 deaths. Viral transmission was strongly affected by nonpharmaceutical interventions

HIỆN TRẠNG NUÔI HÀU TẠI ĐẦM LẬP AN, THỊ TRẤN LĂNG CÔ HUYỆN PHÚ LỘC, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

Five species of oysters are cultured in Lap An lagoon, namely Crassotrea rivularis, Crassotrea gigas, Crassotrea sp1., Crassotrea sp2., and Saccostrea cucullata, among them Crassotrea rivularis is dominant. The most common farming method is using wooden stakes with old rubber tires. The total area of farming is 129 ha with an average of 2.08 ha/household. The oysters are farmed in five villages with different farming areas, with 35.8 ha (28%) being the largest and 16.1 ha (12%), the smallest. The highest production is 11.06 tons/crop/household, and the lowest is 5.56 tons/crop/household. The highest productivity is 4.46 tons/ha/crop, and the lowest is 3.81 tons/ha/crop. The highest income is 128.5 million VND/service/household, and the lowest is 37.3 million VND/service/household. The highest rate of return is 7.1, and the lowest is 3.02.Năm loài hàu đang được nuôi ở đầm Lập An bao gồm Hàu Cửa Sông (Crassotrea rivularis), Hàu sữa Thái Bình Dương (Crassotrea gigas), Hàu Mỏ vịt (Crassotrea sp1.), Hàu Ốc (Crassotrea sp2.) và Hàu Đá (Saccostrea cucullata), trong đó Hàu Cửa sông (Crassotrea rivularis) là loài xuất hiện nhiều nhất. Hàu được nuôi phổ biến trên giá thể lốp cao su. Tổng diện tích nuôi là 129 ha với trung bình 2,08 ha/hộ. Hàu đang được nuôi ở năm thôn với diện tích khác nhau: lớn nhất là 35,8 ha (28%) và nhỏ nhất là 16,1 ha (12%). Sản lượng hàu nuôi cao nhất là 11,06 tấn/vụ/hộ và thấp nhất là 5,56 tấn/vụ/hộ. Năng suất cao nhất là 4,46 tấn/ha/hộ và thấp nhất là 3,81 tấn/ha/hộ. Thu nhập cao nhất là 128,5 triệu đồng/vụ/hộ và thấp nhất là 37,3 triệu đồng/vụ/hộ. Tỷ suất lợi nhuận trung bình cao nhất là 7,1 và thấp nhất là 3,02