Relaciones entre algunas acciones preventivas sobre la convivencia escolar en centros de buenas prácticas

Este artículo presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo es comprobar desde una perspectiva estructural la infl uencia de un conjunto de medidas en la reducción de problemas de convivencia: faltas injustifi cadas de puntualidad y asistencia, de respeto, daños a las instalaciones y pertenencias, maltrato entre compañeros, y relaciones entre miembros de la comunidad escolar (Díaz Aguado et al., 2010). Se toma una muestra de centros con amplia experiencia en la gestión de la convivencia en Andalucía (España), aplicando escalas de medida sometidas a análisis de fi abilidad y validez de constructo. Los resultados permiten corroborar los efectos positivos de la “formación de la comunidad escolar”, “la educación en el confl icto” y “el aula de convivencia” sobre la reducción de los problemas, si bien, en distinta medida dependiendo de la naturaleza preventiva de las acciones. This paper presents a study whose objective is verifying from a structural perspective the influence of a set of measures to reduce such problems (unexcused absences punctuality and attendance, disrespect, damage to facilities and property, bullying and relationships between members of the school community). The sample is composed of 46 centers which belong to the “Red School: Space of Peace” in Andalusia (Spain). As instruments of measurement scales are developed “ad hoc”, submitted to reliability analysis and theoretical and construct validity. Furthermore, structural equation model confirms the positive effects of the “formation of the school community”, “education in conflict” and “peer mediation classroom”. Moreover, in the equation, the rates show a closer correlation between the primary character actions as “education in the confl ict” and “formation of the school community” that with regard to “peer mediation classroom”.

StaR Is a Positive Regulator of Topoisomerase I Activity Involved in Supercoiling Maintenance in Streptococcus pneumoniae

The DNA topoisomerases gyrase and topoisomerase I as well as the nucleoid-associated protein HU maintain supercoiling levels in Streptococcus pneumoniae, a main human pathogen. Here, we characterized, for the first time, a topoisomerase I regulator protein (StaR). In the presence of sub-inhibitory novobiocin concentrations, which inhibit gyrase activity, higher doubling times were observed in a strain lacking staR, and in two strains in which StaR was over-expressed either under the control of the ZnSO4-inducible PZn promoter (strain ΔstaRPZnstaR) or of the maltose-inducible PMal promoter (strain ΔstaRpLS1ROMstaR). These results suggest that StaR has a direct role in novobiocin susceptibility and that the StaR level needs to be maintained within a narrow range. Treatment of ΔstaRPZnstaR with inhibitory novobiocin concentrations resulted in a change of the negative DNA supercoiling density (σ) in vivo, which was higher in the absence of StaR (σ = -0.049) than when StaR was overproduced (σ = -0.045). We have located this protein in the nucleoid by using super-resolution confocal microscopy. Through in vitro activity assays, we demonstrated that StaR stimulates TopoI relaxation activity, while it has no effect on gyrase activity. Interaction between TopoI and StaR was detected both in vitro and in vivo by co-immunoprecipitation. No alteration of the transcriptome was associated with StaR amount variation. The results suggest that StaR is a new streptococcal nucleoid-associated protein that activates topoisomerase I activity by direct protein-protein interaction.This research and the APC were funded by project PID2021-124738OB-100 to A.G.d.l.C., financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE.S

Resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease in an APOE3 Christchurch homozygote: a case report.

We identified a PSEN1 (presenilin 1) mutation carrier from the world's largest autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease kindred, who did not develop mild cognitive impairment until her seventies, three decades after the expected age of clinical onset. The individual had two copies of the APOE3 Christchurch (R136S) mutation, unusually high brain amyloid levels and limited tau and neurodegenerative measurements. Our findings have implications for the role of APOE in the pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

Relaciones entre algunas acciones preventivas sobre la convivencia escolar en centros de buenas prácticas

Este artículo presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo es comprobar desde una perspectiva estructural la infl uencia de un conjunto de medidas en la reducción de problemas de convivencia: faltas injustifi cadas de puntualidad y asistencia, de respeto, daños a las instalaciones y pertenencias, maltrato entre compañeros, y relaciones entre miembros de la comunidad escolar (Díaz Aguado et al., 2010). Se toma una muestra de centros con amplia experiencia en la gestión de la convivencia en Andalucía (España), aplicando escalas de medida sometidas a análisis de fi abilidad y validez de constructo. Los resultados permiten corroborar los efectos positivos de la “formación de la comunidad escolar”, “la educación en el confl icto” y “el aula de convivencia” sobre la reducción de los problemas, si bien, en distinta medida dependiendo de la naturaleza preventiva de las acciones. This paper presents a study whose objective is verifying from a structural perspective the influence of a set of measures to reduce such problems (unexcused absences punctuality and attendance, disrespect, damage to facilities and property, bullying and relationships between members of the school community). The sample is composed of 46 centers which belong to the “Red School: Space of Peace” in Andalusia (Spain). As instruments of measurement scales are developed “ad hoc”, submitted to reliability analysis and theoretical and construct validity. Furthermore, structural equation model confirms the positive effects of the “formation of the school community”, “education in conflict” and “peer mediation classroom”. Moreover, in the equation, the rates show a closer correlation between the primary character actions as “education in the confl ict” and “formation of the school community” that with regard to “peer mediation classroom”.

Optimizing alkaline sizing in sugar cane bagasse paper recycling

The objective of this work was the variation of additives dosage in the sizing treatment of sugar cane bagasse paper for liners and flutings, on taking into account the cycles of use, for reaching the same sizing degree in each cycle. The degradation of the physical properties under different conditions of relative humidity and temperature for each stage of the papermaking cycle was also studied. The sizing agent utilized was the alkyl ketene dimer (AKD). Cationic starch and a retention agent (a modified high molecular weight polyethylenimine) were also added. The experimental design applied was a Central Composite Design (CCD). Once the optimum dosage of additives found, the sheets were submitted to different conditions of humidity and temperature, and their physical properties were tested. Three papermaking cycles were carried out: a papermaking cycle, followed by two recycles. It was observed that a lower amount of AKD was required to reach the water absorption objective (measured by the Cobb120 test), as it progresses during the papermaking cycles, and also that good properties in liner and fluting paper could be attained in spite of the recycles, although, at 75% relative humidity (RH), the liner and fluting properties drastically decreasedFil: Molina Tirado, Liliana Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Area, Maria Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Materiales de Misiones. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales. Instituto de Materiales de Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Velez, Hugo Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; Argentin

The allocation of valenced concepts onto 3D space

The valence–space metaphor research area investigates the metaphorical mapping of valenced concepts onto space. Research findings from this area indicate that positive, neutral, and negative concepts are associated with upward, midward, and downward locations, respectively, in the vertical plane. The same research area has also indicated that such concepts seem to have no preferential location on the horizontal plane. The approach–avoidance effect consists in decreasing the distance between positive stimuli and the body (i.e. approach) and increasing the distance between negative stimuli and the body (i.e. avoid). Thus, the valence–space metaphor accounts for the mapping of valenced concepts onto the vertical and horizontal planes, and the approach–avoidance effect accounts for the mapping of valenced concepts onto the “depth” plane. By using a cube conceived for the study of allocation of valenced concepts onto 3D space, we show in three studies that positive concepts are placed in upward locations and near the participants’ body, negative concepts are placed in downward locations and far from the participants’ body, and neutral concepts are placed in between these concepts in both planes

Fluoroquinolone-resistant pneumococci: dynamics of serotypes and clones in Spain in 2012 compared with those from 2002 and 2006

In Spain, rates of ciprofloxacin resistance in pneumococci were low during the last decade (2.6% in 2002 and 2.3% in 2006). In 2012, the rate remained at 2.3%, equivalent to 83 of 3,621 isolates. Of the 83 resistant isolates, 15 showed a low level (MIC of 4 to 8 μg/ml) and 68 a high level (MIC of 16 to 128 μg/ml) of ciprofloxacin resistance. Thirteen low-level-resistant isolates had single changes in ParC, one had a single ParE change, and one did not present any mutations. High-level-resistant isolates had GyrA changes plus additional ParC and/or ParE changes: 51, 15, and 2 isolates had 2, 3, or 4 mutations, respectively. Although 24 different serotypes were observed, 6 serotypes accounted for 51.8% of ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates: 8 (14.5%), 19A (10.8%), 11A (7.2%), 23A (7.2%), 15A (6.0%), and 6B (6.0%). A decrease in pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV7) serotypes was observed from 2006 (35.7%) to 2012 (16.9%), especially of serotype 14 (from 16.3% to 2.4%; P<0.001). In comparison with findings in 2006, multidrug resistance was greater in 2012 (P=0.296), mainly due to the increased presence and/or emergence of clonal complexes associated with non-PCV7 serotypes: CC63 expressing serotypes 8, 15A, and 19A; CC320 (with serotype 19A); and CC42 (with serotype 23A). Although rates of ciprofloxacin resistance remained low and stable throughout the last decade, changes in serotype and genotype distributions were observed in 2012, notably the expansion of a preexisting multidrug-resistant clone, CC63, and the emergence of the CC156 clone expressing serotype 11A.This study was supported by grant BIO2011-25343 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, by grant PI11/0763 from the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias, and by Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias, an initiative of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A.D. was supported by an Agustí Pumarola grant from the Societat Catalana de Malaties Infecciones i Microbiologia Clínica and the Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica