Riesgo psicosocial en tecnólogos en radiología

Los resultados parciales que se presentan a continuación son producto de un proyecto de investigación que tiene como objetivo Identificar la relación entre las condiciones de la organización del trabajo y la carga de enfermedad de los trabajadores de la salud expuestos a radiaciones ionizantes. Su diseño metodológico es de tipo cualitativo, con enfoque descriptivo, el tipo de muestreo es no probabilístico por conveniencia, las técnicas e instrumentos de generación de información se encuentran articuladas a cada una de las fases del proyecto a ejecutar, las cuales son: primera fase, caracterización de condiciones del trabajo, segunda fase, descripción a exposición a radiaciones ionizantes y tercera fase, comprensión de relación causal entre las condiciones del trabajo y la carga de enfermedad de trabajadores expuestos a radiaciones ionizantes. Los resultados que se presentan son la caracterización sociodemográfica, niveles de riesgo según las características de riesgo psicosocial

Determinants of lifestyles and their implications in young university students’ health

Objetivo: Describir cuatro de los más relevantes hábitos de los estilos de vida (actividad física, hábitos  alimenticios, consumo de tabaco y alcohol) en la población universitaria, identificando factores que los  influencian, consecuencias en la salud y estrategias de cambio. Metodología: Revisión de literatura científica  que contempla artículos indexados en bases de datos PubMed, HINARI, EBSCO, Scielo y páginas Web oficiales empleando como palabras de búsqueda: actividad física, nutrición, consumo de tabaco, consumo nocivo de  alcohol, estilo de vida, sedentarismo, enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y jóvenes universitarios.  Resultados: La buena interacción de estos cuatro determinantes es fundamental para la adopción de  hábitos saludables en la población universitaria, en la que se evidencia el mayor cambio comportamental  hacia conductas nocivas para la salud, que pueden generar enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles, las  cuales son el reto más importante en salud pública para afrontar en el siglo XXI. Conclusiones: Los jóvenes  universitarios se encuentran expuestos a una serie de factores que los predisponen a adoptar conductas  nocivas para la salud y aumentar el riesgo de padecer enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Por esto es  necesario crear conciencia e implementar estrategias que promuevan el cambio hacia estilos de vida  saludables, permitiendo mitigar efectos e impactando en la calidad de vida de cada uno de los individuos. Objective: To describe four of the most important habits of lifestyles (physical activity, eating habits, tobacco  and alcohol use) in the university population, identifying factors that influence them, consequences in health  and strategies for change. Methodology: Review of scientific literature which includes articles indexed in  PubMed, HINARI, EBSCO, Scielo and official Web pages databases using key words such as physical activity,  nutrition, and tobacco consumption, harmful use of alcohol, lifestyle, sedentary life, chronic non  transmissible diseases and college students. Results: The good interaction of the 4 lifestyle determinants is  essential to adopt healthy habits among the university population, in which the greatest behavioral change  for harmful health conducts leading to chronic non transmisible diseases appear, becoming the most  important challenge public health has to face in the twenty-first century. Conclusions: College students are  exposed to a number of factors that predispose them to adopt damaging to health behaviors and increase  the risk to suffer non transmissible diseases. Therefore it is necessary to become aware of it and to  implement strategies to promote change towards healthy lifestyles, to mitigate effects and impact on quality  of life of each individual. &nbsp

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

The Caldera. No. 20

En las páginas de ésta edición encontrarán, en gran parte de los textos elaborados por nuestros educandos, un sencillo pero sentido homenaje a un ser humano que creyó, luchó y dio su vida, por causa de la libertad, de la igualdad, de la paz, por la defensa de sus profundas creencias y de una vida consagrada a su amada patria.PROYECTOS DE INVESTIGACIÓN.- PERFILES CALDISTAS.- LECTURA EN EL CALDAS Experiencias Significativas.- GRAN FINAL III Concurso Intercolegiado de Oratoria.-DEPORTES EN EL CALDAS.- BICENTENARIO FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDAS.- ADIVINANZAS.- EXPRESIONES CALDISTAS.- GALERÍA DE IMÁGENES.-In the pages of this edition you will find, in a large part of the texts prepared by our students, a simple but a heartfelt tribute to a human being who believed, fought and gave his life, for the sake of freedom, equality, peace, for the defense of his deep beliefs and a life consecrated to his beloved homeland.Modalidad Presencia

EXPERIENCIAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y HUMANIDADES

Resultados de las intervenciones en las Jornadas de tesistas y estudiantes de posgrado en ciencias sociales realizadas en la ciudad de Córdoba en el año 2015

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia

In an international cohort of 279 patients with hypoxemic influenza pneumonia, we identified 13 patients (4.6%) with autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha and/or -omega, which were previously reported to underlie 15% cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia and one third of severe adverse reactions to live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-omega (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6-73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia. Nine and four patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-alpha 2, and six and two patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-omega. The patients' autoantibodies increased influenza A virus replication in both A549 cells and reconstituted human airway epithelia. The prevalence of these antibodies was significantly higher than that in the general population for patients 70 yr of age (3.1 vs. 4.4%, P = 0.68). The risk of critical influenza was highest in patients with antibodies neutralizing high concentrations of both IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega (OR = 11.7, P = 1.3 x 10(-5)), especially those <70 yr old (OR = 139.9, P = 3.1 x 10(-10)). We also identified 10 patients in additional influenza patient cohorts. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs account for similar to 5% of cases of life-threatening influenza pneumonia in patients <70 yr old

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the Second Phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014–2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries