2,638 research outputs found
El rol del docente en la intervención psicopedagógica con diagnóstico clínico tardío de dislexia infantil congénita
Dyslexia is a neuropsychological disorder with a specific clinic characterized by difficulties in phonological processing and the mastery of the phoneme-grapheme relationship. It describes the clinical case of a 7-year-old female student with a history of delayed psychomotor development (first words at the age of 4 with slow learning and slow pace to learn new words). No significant data is detected to the physical examination, ocular fundus and normal visual acuity and negative electroencephalogram, so a brain MRI is requested where lower volume is seen in the left bit area with the Sylvian fissure asymmetry. With these findings, a neuropsychological evaluation diagnosing congenital dyslexia is conducted. It began with the literacy program two weekly sessions with phono-articulation exercises, phonological awareness and visual-spatial skills for 6 months achieving improvement in their learning. It is concluded that it is important to carry out an early neuropsychological evaluation, as well as to apply a treatment with multidisciplinary intervention to achieve successful learning in these schoolchildren through a program oriented towards phonological training, a dysfunctional aspect on which reading difficulty is maintained. The role of the teacher in the classroom is essential because he is the first to detect specific learning difficulties in the child, allowing to address their needs from the beginning, in order to offer additional support and specialized teaching that will contribute to improve their skills individually for efficient development of oral and written language.La dislexia es un trastorno neuropsicológico con una clínica especifica caracterizada por dificultades en el procesamiento fonológico y el dominio de la relación fonema - grafema. Se describe el caso clínico de una escolar de 7 años de edad con antecedentes de retardo en el desarrollo psicomotor (primeras palabras a los 4 años de edad con lentitud en el aprendizaje y ritmo lento para aprender nuevas palabras). No se detectan datos significativos al examen físico, fondo de ojo y agudeza visual normal y electroencefalograma negativo, por lo que se solicita resonancia magnética de cerebro donde se aprecia menor volumen en el área de broca izquierda con asimetría de la cisura de Silvio. Con estos hallazgos se realiza evaluación neuropsicológica diagnosticándose dislexia congénita. Se comenzó con el programa de lectoescritura dos sesiones semanales con ejercicios de fono articulación, concienciación fonológica y habilidades visoespacial durante 6 meses logrando mejoría en su aprendizaje. Se concluye que es importante realizar una evaluación neuropsicológica precoz, así como aplicar un tratamiento con intervención multidisciplinaria para lograr un acertado aprendizaje en estos escolares mediante un programa orientado hacia el entrenamiento fonológico, aspecto disfuncional en el que se sustenta la dificultad lectora. Siendo fundamental el rol del docente en el aula de clase debido a que es el primero en detectar las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje en el niño, permitiendo abordar sus necesidades desde el inicio, con el fin de ofrecer apoyo adicional y enseñanza especializada que contribuirá a mejorar sus habilidades de manera individual para un eficiente desarrollo de lenguaje oral y escrito
Control of Electrons' Spin Eliminates Hydrogen Peroxide Formation during Water Splitting
The production of hydrogen through water splitting in a photoelectrochemical cell suffers from an overpotential that limits the efficiencies. In addition, hydrogen-peroxide formation is identified as a competing process affecting the oxidative stability of photoelectrodes. We impose spin-selectivity by coating the anode with chiral organic semiconductors from helically aggregated dyes as sensitizers; Zn-porphyrins and triarylamines. Hydrogen peroxide formation is dramatically suppressed, while the overall current through the cell, correlating with the water splitting process, is enhanced. Evidence for a strong spin-selection in the chiral semiconductors is presented by magnetic conducting (mc-)AFM measurements, in which chiral and achiral Zn-porphyrins are compared. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanism of spin selectivity in multiple electron-transfer reactions and pave the way toward better chiral dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells
El nuevo servidor Latinoamericano de Biologfa Molecular de la UCB: bo.expasy.org
ExPASy es un servidor de biologfa molecular que provee acceso a informationen proteomica a traves de un conjunto de herramientas de analisis y bases de datos dedicadas. Este servidor, desarrollado por el Instituto Suizo de Bioinformatica(SIB), es pionero en su clase y actualmente se ha convertido en una de las referencias mas consultadas por centros de investigation e industrias de biotecnologfaa nivel mundial. Sitios mirrors han sido implementados alrededor del mundo, eninstituciones academicas y de investigation, para ofrecer un acceso eficiente a loscentros de investigation y desarrollo en biologfa molecular geograficamente distribuidos.La Universidad Catolica Boliviana, mediante el Instituto de Investigation enInformatica Aplicada (IIIA), en colaboracion con el SIB, ha implementado unnuevo servidor mirror http://bo.expasy.or g para la region latinoamericana queha sido puesto a disposition de la comunidad cientffica a principios de noviembre2002.Este artfeulo tiene por objetivo presentar el contenido del sitio mirror y susposibles aplicaciones para la investigation y la industria
The MAPS Adaptive Secondary Mirror: First Light, Laboratory Work, and Achievements
The MMT Adaptive Optics exoPlanet Characterization System (MAPS) is a
comprehensive update to the first generation MMT adaptive optics system
(MMTAO), designed to produce a facility class suite of instruments whose
purpose is to image nearby exoplanets. The system's adaptive secondary mirror
(ASM), although comprised in part of legacy components from the MMTAO ASM,
represents a major leap forward in engineering, structure and function. The
subject of this paper is the design, operation, achievements and technical
issues of the MAPS adaptive secondary mirror. We discuss laboratory preparation
for on-sky engineering runs, the results of those runs and the issues we
discovered, what we learned about those issues in a follow-up period of
laboratory work, and the steps we are taking to mitigate them.Comment: 22 pages, 22 images, 2 tables, submitted to SPIE Proceedings
(Unconventional Imaging, Sensing and Adaptive Optics 2023 Conference
The prevalence and clinical characteristics of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis among patients with inflammatory back pain in rheumatology practices: a multinational, multicenter study
BACKGROUND: Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), who by definition have radiographic sacroiliitis, typically experience symptoms for a decade or more before being diagnosed. Yet, even patients without radiographic sacroiliitis (i.e., nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis [nr-axSpA]) report a significant disease burden. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of nr-axSpA among patients with inflammatory back pain (IBP) in rheumatology clinics in a number of countries across the world. A secondary objective was to estimate the prevalence of IBP among patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). METHODS: Data were collected from 51 rheumatology outpatient clinics in 19 countries in Latin America, Africa, Europe, and Asia. As consecutive patients with CLBP (N = 2517) were seen by physicians at the sites, their clinical histories were evaluated to determine whether they met the new Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for IBP. For those who did, their available clinical history (e.g., family history, C-reactive protein [CRP] levels) was documented in a case report form to establish whether they met criteria for nr-axSpA, AS, or other IBP. Patients diagnosed with nr-axSpA or AS completed patient-reported outcome measures to assess disease activity and functional limitations. RESULTS: A total of 2517 patients with CLBP were identified across all sites. Of these, 974 (38.70 %) fulfilled the criteria for IBP. Among IBP patients, 29.10 % met criteria for nr-axSpA, and 53.72 % met criteria for AS. The prevalence of nr-axSpA varied significantly by region (p < 0.05), with the highest prevalence reported in Asia (36.46 %) and the lowest reported in Africa (16.02 %). Patients with nr-axSpA reported mean ± SD Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Scores based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CRP of 2.62 ± 1.17 and 2.52 ± 1.21, respectively, indicating high levels of disease activity (patients with AS reported corresponding scores of 2.97 ± 1.13 and 2.93 ± 1.18). Similarly, the overall Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score of 4.03 ± 2.23 for patients with nr-axSpA (4.56 ± 2.17 for patients with AS) suggested suboptimal disease control. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that, in the centers that participated in the study, 29 % of patients with IBP met the criteria for nr-axSpA and 39 % of patients with CLBP had IBP. The disease burden in nr-axSpA is substantial and similar to that of AS, with both groups of patients experiencing inadequate disease control. These findings suggest the need for early detection of nr-axSpA and initiation of available treatment options to slow disease progression and improve patient well-being
Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London
Combined search for the quarks of a sequential fourth generation
Results are presented from a search for a fourth generation of quarks
produced singly or in pairs in a data set corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in
2011. A novel strategy has been developed for a combined search for quarks of
the up and down type in decay channels with at least one isolated muon or
electron. Limits on the mass of the fourth-generation quarks and the relevant
Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements are derived in the context of a
simple extension of the standard model with a sequential fourth generation of
fermions. The existence of mass-degenerate fourth-generation quarks with masses
below 685 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level for minimal off-diagonal
mixing between the third- and the fourth-generation quarks. With a mass
difference of 25 GeV between the quark masses, the obtained limit on the masses
of the fourth-generation quarks shifts by about +/- 20 GeV. These results
significantly reduce the allowed parameter space for a fourth generation of
fermions.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Search for a W' boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Results are presented from a search for a W' boson using a dataset
corresponding to 5.0 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected
during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV.
The W' boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the
couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and
right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary
mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W' to t b,
leading to a final state signature with a single lepton (e, mu), missing
transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is tagged as a b-jet. A W'
boson that couples to fermions with the same coupling constant as the W, but to
the right-handed rather than left-handed chiral projections, is excluded for
masses below 1.85 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC
data, constraints on the W' gauge coupling for a set of left- and right-handed
coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant
improvement over previously published limits.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters B. Replaced with version publishe
Compressed representation of a partially defined integer function over multiple arguments
In OLAP (OnLine Analitical Processing) data are analysed in an n-dimensional cube. The cube may be represented as a partially defined function over n arguments. Considering that often the function is not defined everywhere, we ask: is there a known way of representing the function or the points in which it is defined, in a more compact manner than the trivial one
Measurement of the t t-bar production cross section in the dilepton channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
The t t-bar production cross section (sigma[t t-bar]) is measured in
proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV in data collected by the CMS
experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse
femtobarns. The measurement is performed in events with two leptons (electrons
or muons) in the final state, at least two jets identified as jets originating
from b quarks, and the presence of an imbalance in transverse momentum. The
measured value of sigma[t t-bar] for a top-quark mass of 172.5 GeV is 161.9 +/-
2.5 (stat.) +5.1/-5.0 (syst.) +/- 3.6(lumi.) pb, consistent with the prediction
of the standard model.Comment: Replaced with published version. Included journal reference and DO
- …