Wavelet analysis and visualization of the formation and evolution of low total ozone events over northern Sweden

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95037/1/grl9462.pd

Zur Zikadenfauna des Großen Arber im Bayerischen Wald: (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha)

Contribution to the Auchenorrhyncha fauna of the Großer Arber, Bavarian Forest (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha). – The fauna of plant- and leafhoppers of the Bavarian Forest is not well studied. On 30.06.2007 an excursion to the Großer Arber, which is the highest mountain of the range, was organized. In total, 27 species were collected. Together with results from an ongoing project on the altitudinal distribution of plant- and leafhoppers of the Bavarian Forest 50 species are now known to occur at higher elevations (above 1000 m) at the Großer Arber. Additionally, on 01.07.2007 a wet grassland site in the Zellertal near Arnbruck (520 m) was visited and 55 species have been recorded there.Contribution to the Auchenorrhyncha fauna of the Großer Arber, Bavarian Forest (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha). – The fauna of plant- and leafhoppers of the Bavarian Forest is not well studied. On 30.06.2007 an excursion to the Großer Arber, which is the highest mountain of the range, was organized. In total, 27 species were collected. Together with results from an ongoing project on the altitudinal distribution of plant- and leafhoppers of the Bavarian Forest 50 species are now known to occur at higher elevations (above 1000 m) at the Großer Arber. Additionally, on 01.07.2007 a wet grassland site in the Zellertal near Arnbruck (520 m) was visited and 55 species have been recorded there

Violent aggression predicted by multiple pre-adult environmental hits

Early exposure to negative environmental impact shapes individual behavior and potentially contributes to any mental disease. We reported previously that accumulated environmental risk markedly decreases age at schizophrenia onset. Follow-up of matched extreme group individuals (≤1 vs. ≥3 risks) unexpectedly revealed that high-risk subjects had >5 times greater probability of forensic hospitalization. In line with longstanding sociological theories, we hypothesized that risk accumulation before adulthood induces violent aggression and criminal conduct, independent of mental illness. We determined in 6 independent cohorts (4 schizophrenia and 2 general population samples) pre-adult risk exposure, comprising urbanicity, migration, physical and sexual abuse as primary, and cannabis or alcohol as secondary hits. All single hits by themselves were marginally associated with higher violent aggression. Most strikingly, however, their accumulation strongly predicted violent aggression (odds ratio 10.5). An epigenome-wide association scan to detect differential methylation of blood-derived DNA of selected extreme group individuals yielded overall negative results. Conversely, determination in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of histone-deacetylase1 mRNA as ‘umbrella mediator’ of epigenetic processes revealed an increase in the high-risk group, suggesting lasting epigenetic alterations. Together, we provide sound evidence of a disease-independent unfortunate relationship between well-defined pre-adult environmental hits and violent aggression, calling for more efficient prevention

Violent aggression predicted by multiple pre-adult environmental hits

Early exposure to negative environmental impact shapes individual behavior and potentially contributes to any mental disease. We reported previously that accumulated environmental risk markedly decreases age at schizophrenia onset. Follow-up of matched extreme group individuals (≤1 vs. ≥3 risks) unexpectedly revealed that high-risk subjects had >5 times greater probability of forensic hospitalization. In line with longstanding sociological theories, we hypothesized that risk accumulation before adulthood induces violent aggression and criminal conduct, independent of mental illness. We determined in 6 independent cohorts (4 schizophrenia and 2 general population samples) pre-adult risk exposure, comprising urbanicity, migration, physical and sexual abuse as primary, and cannabis or alcohol as secondary hits. All single hits by themselves were marginally associated with higher violent aggression. Most strikingly, however, their accumulation strongly predicted violent aggression (odds ratio 10.5). An epigenome-wide association scan to detect differential methylation of blood-derived DNA of selected extreme group individuals yielded overall negative results. Conversely, determination in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of histone-deacetylase1 mRNA as 'umbrella mediator' of epigenetic processes revealed an increase in the high-risk group, suggesting lasting epigenetic alterations. Together, we provide sound evidence of a disease-independent unfortunate relationship between well-defined pre-adult environmental hits and violent aggression, calling for more efficient prevention

The cross-sectional GRAS sample: A comprehensive phenotypical data collection of schizophrenic patients

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Schizophrenia is the collective term for an exclusively clinically diagnosed, heterogeneous group of mental disorders with still obscure biological roots. Based on the assumption that valuable information about relevant genetic and environmental disease mechanisms can be obtained by association studies on patient cohorts of ≥ 1000 patients, if performed on detailed clinical datasets and quantifiable biological readouts, we generated a new schizophrenia data base, the GRAS (Göttingen Research Association for Schizophrenia) data collection. GRAS is the necessary ground to study genetic causes of the schizophrenic phenotype in a 'phenotype-based genetic association study' (PGAS). This approach is different from and complementary to the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on schizophrenia.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>For this purpose, 1085 patients were recruited between 2005 and 2010 by an invariable team of traveling investigators in a cross-sectional field study that comprised 23 German psychiatric hospitals. Additionally, chart records and discharge letters of all patients were collected.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The corresponding dataset extracted and presented in form of an overview here, comprises biographic information, disease history, medication including side effects, and results of comprehensive cross-sectional psychopathological, neuropsychological, and neurological examinations. With >3000 data points per schizophrenic subject, this data base of living patients, who are also accessible for follow-up studies, provides a wide-ranging and standardized phenotype characterization of as yet unprecedented detail.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The GRAS data base will serve as prerequisite for PGAS, a novel approach to better understanding 'the schizophrenias' through exploring the contribution of genetic variation to the schizophrenic phenotypes.</p

Совершенствование методики оценки экологической нагрузки на атмосферу от лесных природных пожаров

Настоящая работа посвящена количественному учету атмосферных выбросов продуктов горения от лесных природных пожаров.This paper is devoted to a quantitative account of the atmospheric emissions of combustion products from wildfires