Impact of Additional Chromosomal Aberrations on the Disease Progression of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia

The emergence of additional chromosomal abnormalities (ACAs) in Philadelphia chromosome/BCR-ABL1 positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), is considered to be a feature of disease evolution. However, their frequency of incidence, impact on prognosis and treatment response effect in CML is not conclusive. In the present study, we performed a chromosome analysis of 489 patients in different clinical stages of CML, using conventional GTG-banding, Fluorescent in situ Hybridization and Spectral Karyotyping. Among the de novo CP cases, ACAs were observed in 30 patients (10.20%) with lowest incidence, followed by IM resistant CP (16.66%) whereas in AP and BC, the occurrence of ACAs were higher, and was about 40.63 and 50.98%, respectively. The frequency of occurrence of ACAs were compared between the study groups and it was found that the incidence of ACAs was higher in BC compared to de novo and IM resistant CP cases. Likewise, it was higher in AP patients when compared between de novo and IM resistant CP cases, mirroring the fact of cytogenetic evolution with disease progression in CML. In addition, we observed 10 novel and 10 rare chromosomal aberrations among the study subjects. This study pinpoints the fact that the genome of advanced phase patients was highly unstable, and this environment of genomic instability is responsible for the high occurrence of ACAs. Treatment response analysis revealed that compared to initial phases, ACAs were associated with an adverse prognostic effect during the progressive stages of CML. This study further portrayed the cytogenetic mechanism of disease evolution in CML

Graphene Oxide–MnFe2O4 Magnetic Nanohybrids for Efficient Removal of Lead and Arsenic from Water

We show that the hybrids of single-layer graphene oxide with manganese ferrite magnetic nanoparticles have the best adsorption properties for efficient removal of Pb(II), As(III), and As(V) from contaminated water. The nanohybrids prepared by coprecipitation technique were characterized using atomic force and scanning electron microscopies, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and surface area measurements. Magnetic character of the nanohybrids was ascertained by a vibrating sample magnetometer. Batch experiments were carried out to quantify the adsorption kinetics and adsorption capacities of the nanohybrids and compared with the bare nanoparticles of MnFe2O4. The adsorption data from our experiments fit the Langmuir isotherm, yielding the maximum adsorption capacity higher than the reported values so far. Temperature-dependent adsorption studies have been done to estimate the free energy and enthalpy of adsorption. Reusability, ease of magnetic separation, high removal efficiency, high surface area, and fast kinetics make these nanohybrids very attractive candidates for low-cost adsorbents for the effective coremoval of heavy metals from contaminated water

Vertical MoS₂ Nanosheets via Space-Confined CVD for Room Temperature Photo-Enhanced Highly Selective Triethylamine Sensing

The layered structure and atomic thinness of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors make them attractive for various applications. By precise control of the morphology of these materials on the nanoscale, the material can be engineered for specific functional device applications. The present study represents a systematic growth procedure, wherein a space-confined chemical vapor deposition (CVD) route allowed us to synthesize vertically oriented molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets with high phase selectivity. While achieving control over the growth of vertical MoS2 (V–MoS2) within a single growth run has many challenges, we demonstrate vertical growth of MoO2 and its subsequent transformation to either a MoO2/MoS2 core–shell structure or vertical MoS2 nanosheets on a SiO2/Si substrate, by modulating the sulfur concentration during the growth process. As a morphologically rich structure, the edge-enhanced MoS2 flower-like structure offered high selectivity toward triethylamine (TEA) sensing over many other volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) studied. The VOC sensing study showed ultrahigh selectivity and sensitivity (9.35 ± 1.20) × 10–4 ppm–1 toward TEA under ultraviolet light exposure. The vertical MoS2 nanosheets with enhanced hydrophobic property showed excellent ambient stability, suggesting its potential for the development of sensors for room-temperature triethylamine detection at the ppm level