A Gossip Algorithm based Clock Synchronization Scheme for Smart Grid Applications

The uprising interest in multi-agent based networked system, and the numerous number of applications in the distributed control of the smart grid leads us to address the problem of time synchronization in the smart grid. Utility companies look for new packet based time synchronization solutions with Global Positioning System (GPS) level accuracies beyond traditional packet methods such as Network Time Proto- col (NTP). However GPS based solutions have poor reception in indoor environments and dense urban canyons as well as GPS antenna installation might be costly. Some smart grid nodes such as Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), fault detection, Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) etc., requires synchronous accuracy as low as 1 ms. On the other hand, 1 sec accuracy is acceptable in management information domain. Acknowledging this, in this study, we introduce gossip algorithm based clock synchronization method among network entities from the decision control and communication point of view. Our method synchronizes clock within dense network with a bandwidth limited environment. Our technique has been tested in different kinds of network topologies- complete, star and random geometric network and demonstrated satisfactory performance

A MANAGED APPROACH OF INTERACTION BETWEEN AGILE SCRUM AND SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

In current age the agile software development is one of the most popular software development methodology but due the mismanagement and lack of efficient handling of agile scrum and software configuration management system our software industry is facing a high rate of failed product, keeping this as my motivation, I have designed a efficient checklist which will help the industry to organized the interaction between agile scrum process and software configuration management system in a efficient and managed way and definitely that will increase the successful project in the software industry. Index-term : Agile Scrums, Software development, Software configuration management system, Checklist, Successful project

Assessment of Uncultivable Soil Microorganisms as a Source of Novel Antibiotic

2020 dissertation for MRes. Multi drug resistance microorganisms are an increasing problem and more than 70% of clinically significant pathogens possesses resistance to currently existing antibiotics. Most antibiotics in clinical use were discovered by screening cultivable soil microorganisms and of these only 1% are cultivable using laboratory media and rest are uncultivable. Soil still offers a great potential for antibiotic discovery. In this study, iChip in situ environmental cultivation technology was used to cultivate previously uncultivated microorganisms and screened for antagonistic organisms. Soil samples were collected from various geographic locations in UK based on soil characteristics. Two to three samples were collected from each site and screened for antagonistic microorganisms using iChip-based technology along with soil supplemented nutrient agar which enabled the growth of previously uncultivated microorganisms. This study found an antagonistic microorganism and identified as Bacillus pumilus. Cell free supernatant of B. pumilus fermented broth showed 12 mm zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922 and butanol extract and compound-3 showed 9 mm and 8 mm zone of inhibition respectively. Bacillus pumilus has been previously described to produce antibacterial and antifungal compounds. Mueller Hinton broth with addition of 5% glucose was used for B. pumilus fermentation to assess secondary metabolites. Fermented broth supernatant and extracts produced zone of inhibition (ZI) ranging from 8-12mm against S. aureus but could not determine minimum inhibitory concentration. Fermented broth was extracted sequentially with ethyl acetate, n-butanol and methanol. n-Butanol extract in thin layer chromatography showed three compounds, and of these only Compound 3 showed inhibitory effect on S. aureus. Nuclear magnetic resonance (both 1D and 2D) analysis revealed compound 3 as a mixture of possible 3 compounds or their fragments but could not identify these compounds. However, compounds fragments had chemical structures containing peptide bonds and aliphatic chains which are also found in known peptide antibiotic, for example, vancomycin. Further studies are needed to fully characterise this compound-3