43 research outputs found

    Approach to acoustic mapping through continuous mobile monitoring

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    For the production of representative noise maps, a large amount of information is necessary, which includes, among others, on-site measurements of environmental noise. Thus, for noise maps based on measurements, mobile sampling emerges as a possible solution for the enhancement of data acquisition. The present research proposes a complete framework to perform mobile sampling. Since the normative requires long-term values to be presented in a noise map, a sampling strategy based on temporal stratification, which reduces the required sampled days to estimate the annual equivalent noise level, is presented. Furthermore, to compute long-term values for the night period, since they are usually affected by noise sources different to traffic, specifically leisure noise, a complementary temporal and spatial stratification is also presented. Then, the statistical requirements to perform mobile noise measurements using bicycles is evaluated. The vehicles and bicycles journeys are reproduced based on micro-traffic simulation and then coupled with an acoustic modeling. The estimation error of LAeq for the mobile sampling is compared to reference static samples, in terms of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and is computed for different aggregation radius of mobile receivers, and as a function of the number of passes-by and to the distance to its nearest cross street. To perform the mobile sampling on a real scenario, a low-cost noise monitoring device with the aim of performing georeferenced noise sampling, is developed. The accuracy tests suggest that it is able to acquire noise levels with an equivalent accuracy as a Class 2 sound level meter. Finally, to validate the results obtained through the modeling framework, a noise monitoring device is mounted on a bicycle and on-site mobile measurements are performed simultaneously to reference static ones. The same scenario is again recreated based on micro-simulation of traffic complemented with acoustic modeling. Then, for the simulated framework and the on-site measurements, the RMSE of the estimation of LAeq for different aggregation radius of mobile samples is compared to the reference static ones. It is confirmed that mobile sampling is a solution to improve noise data acquisition, which reduces the resources required to produce a noise map without sacrificing the accuracy and representativeness.Para la producción de mapas de ruido representativos, una gran cantidad de información es necesaria, que incluye, entre otras, mediciones de ruido ambiental en sitio. Por lo tanto, para los mapas de ruido basados en mediciones, el muestreo móvil surge como una posible solución para mejorar la adquisición de datos. La presente investigación propone un marco completo para realizar el muestreo móvil. Dado que la normativa requiere de valores de largo plazo para realizar un mapa de ruido, se propone una estrategia de muestreo basada en estratificación temporal que reduce los días de muestreo necesarios para estimar el nivel de ruido equivalente anual. Además, para calcular los valores a largo plazo para el período nocturno, ya que generalmente se ve afectado por fuentes de ruido distintas al tráfico, específicamente de ruido de ocio, se presenta una estratificación temporal y espacial complementaria. Por otra parte, se evalúan los requisitos estadísticos para realizar mediciones de ruido móviles utilizando bicicletas. Los trayectos de los vehículos y las bicicletas se reproducen en base a una microsimulación de tráfico para después combinarse con modelado acústico. El error de estimación del indicador LAeq calculado con el muestreo móvil se compara, en términos del error cuadrático medio (RMSE), con muestras de referencia obtenidas de forma estática para diferentes radios de agregación de receptores móviles, y también en función del número de pases y de la distancia al cruce de calles más cercano. Para realizar el muestreo móvil en un escenario real, se desarrolla un dispositivo de monitoreo de ruido de bajo costo con el objetivo de realizar un muestreo de ruido georreferenciado. Las pruebas de precisión muestran que es capaz de adquirir niveles de ruido con una precisión equivalente a un sonómetro de Clase 2. Finalmente, para validar los resultados obtenidos a través de las simulaciones, se equipa una bicicleta con el dispositivo de monitoreo y se realizan mediciones móviles en sitio al mismo tiempo que mediciones estáticas de referencia. El mismo escenario se recrea basándose nuevamente en una microsimulación de tráfico complementada con modelado acústico. Después, para los niveles de ruido simulados y las mediciones en sitio, el RMSE de la estimación del indicador LAeq para distintos radios de agregación de muestras móviles se compara con el muestreo estático de referencia. Con ello, se confirma que el muestreo móvil es una solución para mejorar la adquisición de datos de ruido, lo que reduce los recursos necesarios para producir un mapa de ruido sin sacrificar la precisión y la representatividad.Postprint (published version

    Approach to acoustic mapping through continuous mobile monitoring

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    For the production of representative noise maps, a large amount of information is necessary, which includes, among others, on-site measurements of environmental noise. Thus, for noise maps based on measurements, mobile sampling emerges as a possible solution for the enhancement of data acquisition. The present research proposes a complete framework to perform mobile sampling. Since the normative requires long-term values to be presented in a noise map, a sampling strategy based on temporal stratification, which reduces the required sampled days to estimate the annual equivalent noise level, is presented. Furthermore, to compute long-term values for the night period, since they are usually affected by noise sources different to traffic, specifically leisure noise, a complementary temporal and spatial stratification is also presented. Then, the statistical requirements to perform mobile noise measurements using bicycles is evaluated. The vehicles and bicycles journeys are reproduced based on micro-traffic simulation and then coupled with an acoustic modeling. The estimation error of LAeq for the mobile sampling is compared to reference static samples, in terms of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and is computed for different aggregation radius of mobile receivers, and as a function of the number of passes-by and to the distance to its nearest cross street. To perform the mobile sampling on a real scenario, a low-cost noise monitoring device with the aim of performing georeferenced noise sampling, is developed. The accuracy tests suggest that it is able to acquire noise levels with an equivalent accuracy as a Class 2 sound level meter. Finally, to validate the results obtained through the modeling framework, a noise monitoring device is mounted on a bicycle and on-site mobile measurements are performed simultaneously to reference static ones. The same scenario is again recreated based on micro-simulation of traffic complemented with acoustic modeling. Then, for the simulated framework and the on-site measurements, the RMSE of the estimation of LAeq for different aggregation radius of mobile samples is compared to the reference static ones. It is confirmed that mobile sampling is a solution to improve noise data acquisition, which reduces the resources required to produce a noise map without sacrificing the accuracy and representativeness.Para la producción de mapas de ruido representativos, una gran cantidad de información es necesaria, que incluye, entre otras, mediciones de ruido ambiental en sitio. Por lo tanto, para los mapas de ruido basados en mediciones, el muestreo móvil surge como una posible solución para mejorar la adquisición de datos. La presente investigación propone un marco completo para realizar el muestreo móvil. Dado que la normativa requiere de valores de largo plazo para realizar un mapa de ruido, se propone una estrategia de muestreo basada en estratificación temporal que reduce los días de muestreo necesarios para estimar el nivel de ruido equivalente anual. Además, para calcular los valores a largo plazo para el período nocturno, ya que generalmente se ve afectado por fuentes de ruido distintas al tráfico, específicamente de ruido de ocio, se presenta una estratificación temporal y espacial complementaria. Por otra parte, se evalúan los requisitos estadísticos para realizar mediciones de ruido móviles utilizando bicicletas. Los trayectos de los vehículos y las bicicletas se reproducen en base a una microsimulación de tráfico para después combinarse con modelado acústico. El error de estimación del indicador LAeq calculado con el muestreo móvil se compara, en términos del error cuadrático medio (RMSE), con muestras de referencia obtenidas de forma estática para diferentes radios de agregación de receptores móviles, y también en función del número de pases y de la distancia al cruce de calles más cercano. Para realizar el muestreo móvil en un escenario real, se desarrolla un dispositivo de monitoreo de ruido de bajo costo con el objetivo de realizar un muestreo de ruido georreferenciado. Las pruebas de precisión muestran que es capaz de adquirir niveles de ruido con una precisión equivalente a un sonómetro de Clase 2. Finalmente, para validar los resultados obtenidos a través de las simulaciones, se equipa una bicicleta con el dispositivo de monitoreo y se realizan mediciones móviles en sitio al mismo tiempo que mediciones estáticas de referencia. El mismo escenario se recrea basándose nuevamente en una microsimulación de tráfico complementada con modelado acústico. Después, para los niveles de ruido simulados y las mediciones en sitio, el RMSE de la estimación del indicador LAeq para distintos radios de agregación de muestras móviles se compara con el muestreo estático de referencia. Con ello, se confirma que el muestreo móvil es una solución para mejorar la adquisición de datos de ruido, lo que reduce los recursos necesarios para producir un mapa de ruido sin sacrificar la precisión y la representatividad

    Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

    The global retinoblastoma outcome study : a prospective, cluster-based analysis of 4064 patients from 149 countries

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    DATA SHARING : The study data will become available online once all analyses are complete.BACKGROUND : Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular cancer worldwide. There is some evidence to suggest that major differences exist in treatment outcomes for children with retinoblastoma from different regions, but these differences have not been assessed on a global scale. We aimed to report 3-year outcomes for children with retinoblastoma globally and to investigate factors associated with survival. METHODS : We did a prospective cluster-based analysis of treatment-naive patients with retinoblastoma who were diagnosed between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2017, then treated and followed up for 3 years. Patients were recruited from 260 specialised treatment centres worldwide. Data were obtained from participating centres on primary and additional treatments, duration of follow-up, metastasis, eye globe salvage, and survival outcome. We analysed time to death and time to enucleation with Cox regression models. FINDINGS : The cohort included 4064 children from 149 countries. The median age at diagnosis was 23·2 months (IQR 11·0–36·5). Extraocular tumour spread (cT4 of the cTNMH classification) at diagnosis was reported in five (0·8%) of 636 children from high-income countries, 55 (5·4%) of 1027 children from upper-middle-income countries, 342 (19·7%) of 1738 children from lower-middle-income countries, and 196 (42·9%) of 457 children from low-income countries. Enucleation surgery was available for all children and intravenous chemotherapy was available for 4014 (98·8%) of 4064 children. The 3-year survival rate was 99·5% (95% CI 98·8–100·0) for children from high-income countries, 91·2% (89·5–93·0) for children from upper-middle-income countries, 80·3% (78·3–82·3) for children from lower-middle-income countries, and 57·3% (52·1-63·0) for children from low-income countries. On analysis, independent factors for worse survival were residence in low-income countries compared to high-income countries (hazard ratio 16·67; 95% CI 4·76–50·00), cT4 advanced tumour compared to cT1 (8·98; 4·44–18·18), and older age at diagnosis in children up to 3 years (1·38 per year; 1·23–1·56). For children aged 3–7 years, the mortality risk decreased slightly (p=0·0104 for the change in slope). INTERPRETATION : This study, estimated to include approximately half of all new retinoblastoma cases worldwide in 2017, shows profound inequity in survival of children depending on the national income level of their country of residence. In high-income countries, death from retinoblastoma is rare, whereas in low-income countries estimated 3-year survival is just over 50%. Although essential treatments are available in nearly all countries, early diagnosis and treatment in low-income countries are key to improving survival outcomes.The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust and the Wellcome Trust.https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/homeam2023Paediatrics and Child Healt

    Peace in crisis: communication and lessons learned from the crisis

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    Paz en crisis es un proyecto editorial con el que se cierra un programa de investi gación de años atrás y en el que se condensan distintas aproximaciones sobre la paz; en esta oportunidad, bajo la lupa o noción de crisis. Los aportes se encuentran agrupados en 4 tomos, 44 capítulos y 6 bloques temáticos en donde 87 autores ofrecen perspectivas multidisciplinares y multidimensionales, pluralidad meto dológica y variedad en las maneras de hacer investigación y con estilos de escritura diferenciados. Los tomos, en su conjunto, presentan reflexiones diversas sobre las antiguas, múltiples y nuevas conflictividades (tanto armadas como no armadas), así como de los diferentes actores (heredados, emergentes y transformados), en el escenario de lo que ha venido refiriéndose por algunos especialistas como una situación de posacuerdo bélico en Colombia. Este primer tomo, titulado Nociones, acuerdo e implementación (compuesto por trece capítulos y un epílogo), analiza la situación actual de la paz, la democra cia, la seguridad y el ejercicio de los derechos en Colombia, demostrando que lejos de las aspiraciones de estabilización y avance contenidas en los acuerdos, es una renovada y multimodal conflictividad la que define el contexto nacional. En este tomo se apunta a debatir nociones conceptuales y aproximaciones a proble máticas particulares, que resultan relevantes en el marco contextual de crisis que atraviesa la implementación de los acuerdos de paz alcanzados en La Habana. La polarización originada en todos los escenarios de la vida política y social del país como consecuencia del apoyo o rechazo al proceso de paz y sus mecanismos de implementación, ha puesto de manifiesto una profunda crisis de los consensos necesarios, ya no solo para la puesta en marcha de lo acordado en el proceso de paz, sino también de los fundamentos de cohesión que deben hacerse presentes en la elaboración de cualquier proyecto de construcción social amplio, incluyente y sostenible.Peace in crisis is an editorial project that closes a research program gation from years ago and in which different approaches are condensed on the peace; on this occasion, under the magnifying glass or notion of crisis. The contributions are found grouped in 4 volumes, 44 chapters and 6 thematic blocks where 87 authors offer multidisciplinary and multidimensional perspectives, meta plurality dology and variety in the ways of doing research and writing styles differentiated. The volumes, as a whole, present diverse reflections on the ancient, multiple and new conflicts (both armed and unarmed), as well as the different actors (inherited, emerging and transformed), on the stage of what has been referred to by some specialists as a situation of post-war agreement in Colombia. This first volume, entitled Notions, agreement and implementation (composed or thirteen chapters and an epilogue), analyzes the current situation of peace, democracy cia, security and the exercise of rights in Colombia, demonstrating that far from the aspirations of stabilization and progress contained in the agreements, it is a renewed and multimodal conflictivity that defines the national context. In This volume aims to debate conceptual notions and approaches to problems. particular themes, which are relevant in the contextual framework of crisis that is going through the implementation of the peace agreements reached in Havana. The polarization originating in all scenarios of the country's political and social life as a consequence of the support or rejection of the peace process and its mechanisms of implementation, has revealed a deep crisis of consensus necessary, not only for the implementation of what was agreed in the process of peace, but also of the foundations of cohesion that must be present in the development of any broad, inclusive and social construction project sustainable peace, but also of the foundations of cohesion that must be present in the development of any broad, inclusive and social construction project sustainable

    EL REY DEL PASO-DOBLE / AGRUPACION SINFONICA "La ZARZUELA", dir. Federico MORENO-TORROBA

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    Titre uniforme : [En er mundo]Titre uniforme : [Espana cani]Titre uniforme : [La Giralda]Comprend : ESPANA CANI / P. MARQUINA - EN ER MUNDO / J. FERNANDEZ, J. QUINTERO - PEPITA GREUS / P. PEREZ CHOVI - CHULAPONA / F.M. TORROBA, F. ROMERO, G. FERNANDEZ-SHAW - SUSPIRO GITANO / M. PARADA - PAN Y TOROS / F.A. BARBIERI - QUE BONITO ES EL QUERER / MARINO, I. LOPEZ - EL VITO / S. LOPE - LA GIRALDA / E.J. JUARRANZ - GERONA / S. LOPEBnF-Partenariats, Collection sonore - BelieveContient une table des matière

    Trabajos Especiales de Grado de ingeniería Geológica 1990-1999

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