Ochratoxigenic aspergillus in wine grapes and ochratoxin a in wines from Northeast Brazil.

Resumo

Aspergillus ocratoxigênicos em uvas e no solo de cultivo da variedade Sauvignon Blanc no Nordeste brasileiro.

A ocratoxina A (OTA) é um metabólito secundário de fungos freqüentemente encontrado como contaminante de uvas, vinhos e suco de uva, sendo considerada uma das micotoxinas mais prejudiciais para a saúde humana. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a incidência de Aspergillusocratoxigênicos em uvas e no solo de cultivo da variedade Sauvignon Blanc utilizada para produção de vinho no nordeste brasileiro. As amostras de uva e de solo foram coletadas em uma região vitivinícola do Submédio São Francisco (Casa Nova, Bahia). Para o isolamento de fungos das uvas e sementes utilizou-se a Técnica de Plaqueamento Direto em meio de cultura DRBC (Dicloran Rosa Bengal Cloranfenicol); para a amostra de solo foi utilizada a técnica de espalhamento superficial, em DG 18 (Dichloran 18% Glycerol Agar), a partir de diluições seriadas. Selecionou-se para obtenção de culturas puras apenas os fungos do gênero Aspergillus que foram identificados por características morfológicas e avaliados, quanto à produção de OTA, pelo Método Plug Agar. Das uvas foram isoladas e identificadas as seguintes espécies A. foetidus, A. tubingensis e A. sp.. Destes isolados nenhum foi ocratoxigênico. Dos vinte e nove isolados obtidos do solo, quatro foram ocratoxigênicos (A. niger agregado (1), A. carbonarius agregado (2) e A. carbonarius (1)), o que realça a importância de evitar durante a colheita o contato das uvas com o solo, visto que este pode representar uma fonte de contaminação com esta micotoxina para as uvas e vinhos. Palavras-chaves: Fungos ocratoxigênicos, Uvas, Aspergillus, Ocratoxina A, Solo, Sauvignon Blan

Fungos ocratoxigênicos em solo de cultivo de uvas viníferas no Nordeste brasileiro.

Ocratoxina A (OTA) é um metabólito secundário de origem fúngica que tem recebido atenção crescente devido ao potencial perigo para os seres humanos e animais. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a incidência de fungos ocratoxigênicos do gênero Aspergillus em solos de cultivo de uvas viníferas no nordeste brasileiro. Foram coletadas amostras de solo de cultivo de três variedades de uvas viníferas, Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache e Petit Verdot de uma região vitivinícola do nordeste brasileiro. Para o isolamento de fungos foi utilizada a técnica de espalhamento superficial, em DG 18 (Dichloran 18% Glycerol Agar), a partir de diluições seriadas. Selecionou-se para obtenção de culturaspuras apenas os fungos do gênero Aspergillus que foram identificados por características morfológicas e avaliados, quanto à produção de OTA, pelo Método Plug Agar. Das amostras de solo foram isoladas e identificadas as seguintes espécies A. foetidus, A. aculeatus, A. niger, A. tubingensis, A. carbonariuse A. ibericus. Dos vinte e quatro isolados fúngicos obtidos quatro foram ocratoxigênicos (A. niger (1), A. tubingensis (1) e A. carbonarius (2)), o que evidência a importância de evitar durante a colheita o contato das uvas com o solo, visto que este pode representar uma fonte de contaminação com esta micotoxina para as uvas e vinhos.Palavras-chaves: Fungos ocratoxigênicos, Uvas viníferas, Aspergillus, Ocratoxina A, Sol

Nesfatin-1 in human and murine cardiomyocytes: synthesis, secretion, and mobilization of GLUT-4

Nesfatin-1, a satiety-inducing peptide identified in hypothalamic regions that regulate energy balance, is an integral regulator of energy homeostasis and a putative glucose-dependent insulin coadjuvant. We investigated its production by human cardiomyocytes and its effects on glucose uptake, in the main cardiac glucose transporter GLUT-4 and in intracellular signaling. Quantitative RT-PCR, Western blots, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy, and ELISA of human and murine cardiomyocytes and/or cardiac tissue showed that cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete nesfatin-1. Confocal microscopy of cultured cardiomyocytes after GLUT-4 labeling showed that nesfatin-1 mobilizes this glucose transporter to cell peripherals. The rate of 2-deoxy-D-[(3)H]glucose incorporation demonstrated that nesfatin-1 induces glucose uptake by HL-1 cells and cultured cardiomyocytes. Nesfatin-1 induced dose- and time-dependent increases in the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, and AS160. In murine and human cardiac tissue, nesfatin-1 levels varied with diet and coronary health. In conclusion, human and murine cardiomyocytes can synthesize and secrete nesfatin-1, which is able to induce glucose uptake and the mobilization of the glucose transporter GLUT-4 in these cells. Nesfatin-1 cardiac levels are regulated by diet and coronary health

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV

Search for direct stau production in events with two hadronic tau-leptons in root s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of the supersymmetric partners ofτ-leptons (staus) in final stateswith two hadronically decayingτ-leptons is presented. The analysis uses a dataset of pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of139fb−1, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LargeHadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant deviation from the expected StandardModel background is observed. Limits are derived in scenarios of direct production of stau pairs with eachstau decaying into the stable lightest neutralino and oneτ-lepton in simplified models where the two staumass eigenstates are degenerate. Stau masses from 120 GeV to 390 GeV are excluded at 95% confidencelevel for a massless lightest neutralino

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente