Клинико-иммунологические особенности инфекционных осложнений у больных множественной миеломой

Background: Infectious complications — the leading cause of mortality in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), their appearance is regarded as an adverse prognostic factor in the course of the disease.Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical and immunological features of infectious complications in patients with G- immunochemical MM to find the most informative indicators in their forecasting. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was made. All patients were divided into 3 groups for comparison: Group 1 (n =47) — MM patients, G-immunochemical variant with infection, Group 2 (n =54) — MM patients, G-immunochemical option no infectious complications, and Group 3 (n =125) — healthy volunteers. Research material was deoxygenated blood taken on admission of a patient to the hematology department before the pathogenetic treatment. Identification of G-variant was carried by immunofixation and electrophoresis. The immune status was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence. The concentration of IgA, M, E and G, and the levels of IL 2, IL 4, IL 8, TNF α, IFN γ in serum was determined by enzyme immunoassay. The activity of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) was studied by chemiluminescent analysis of spontaneous and induced production of reactive oxygen species. Statistical analysis was performed using the software STATISTICA v. 8.0 (USA).Results: We analyzed data from 101 patients with MM and 125 healthy volunteers. The average age of MM patients was 60.53±6.78 years. The group of healthy volunteers was similar in sex and age to groups of patients with MM. In patients with MM in the presence of infectious complications the researchers detected combined secondary development of T and B cell immunodeficiency, changes in non-specific immunity depended on the stage of the disease, unidirectional irregularities in spontaneous and induced chemiluminescence activity NG in II stage disease and multidirectional irregularities in stage III (p =0.045). Prevalence of the content of proinflammatory cytokines on inflammatory (p 0.001) and the deviation of the immune response to Th1-type were detected.Conclusion: the set of 6 informative indicators (the content of IL 4, IL 2, TNF α, IgG, the absolute number of CD4+ and CD19+ cells) enables the development of prediction method of infectious complications in patients with MM.Инфекционные осложнения — ведущая причина смертности больных множественной миеломой (ММ), их появление расценивают как неблагоприятный прогностический фактор в течении заболевания. Цель исследования: изучить клинические и иммунологические особенности инфекционных осложнений у больных G-иммунохимическим вариантом ММ для поиска наиболее информативных показателей в их прогнозировании.Методы: проведено нерандомизированное контролируемое исследование. Для сравнения выделено 3 группы: группа 1 (п =47) — больные ММ G-иммунохимического варианта с инфекционными осложнениями; группа 2 (п =54) — больные ММ G-иммунохимического варианта без инфекционных осложнений; группа 3 (п =125) — практически здоровые добровольцы. Материалом для исследования послужила венозная кровь, которую брали при поступлении больных в гематологическое отделение до начала патогенетического лечения. Идентификацию G-варианта ММ осуществляли методом иммунофиксации и электрофореза. Иммунный статус оценивали при помощи непрямой иммунофлуоресценции. Концентрацию IgA, M, E и G и цитокинов ИЛ 2, ИЛ 4, ИЛ 8, ФНО α, ИФН γ в сыворотке крови определяли иммуноферментным анализом. Для изучения активности нейтрофильных гранулоцитов применяли хемилюминесцентный анализ спонтанной и индуцированной продукции активных форм кислорода. Статистическую обработку данных проводили с помощью пакета программ STATISTICA v. 8.0 (США).Результаты: проанализированы данные от 101 больного ММ и 125 практически здоровых добровольцев. Средний возраст больных ММ составил 60,53±6,78 года. Группа практически здоровых добровольцев была сопоставима по полу и возрасту с группами больных ММ. У больных ММ при наличии инфекционных осложнений обнаружено развитие комбинированного вторичного Т- и В-клеточного иммунодефицита, изменения в неспецифическом звене иммунитета зависели от стадии заболевания, выявлялись однонаправленные нарушения в спонтанной и индуцированной хемилюминесцентной активности нейтрофильных гранулоцитов на II и разнонаправленные — на III стадии заболевания (р =0,045). Установлены преобладание содержания провоспалительных цитокинов над противовоспалительными (р 0,001) и девиация иммунного ответа по Tх1 типу. Заключение: полученная совокупность 6 информативных показателей (содержание ИЛ 2, 4, ФНО α, IgG, абсолютное число CD4+ и CD19+ клеток) дает возможность разработки способа прогнозирования инфекционных осложнений у больных ММ

Influence of motivated walking with partial body weight supporting on the gross motor functions in children with cerebral palsy

The aim of the work is to increase the effectiveness of physical therapy of gross motor functions impairments in children with spastic cerebral palsy by using a therapeutic exercises program with partial body weight supporting and motivated walking on the device for the rehabilitation of people with impaired functions of the musculoskeletal system. The study included 30 children 6 to 11 years old with a spastic form of cerebral palsy. All patients were divided into 2 groups: in group I, in addition to the standard complex of physical therapy, walking according to the dynamic method was prescribed, in group II – according to the static method with partial body weight supporting. The duration of the program was 6 weeks. The survey was carried out before the start, at 2, 4 and 6 weeks of therapy. We studied the spatiotemporal characteristics of walking and activity of daily living indicators. The use of the developed program with the rehabilitation device positively influenced the spatiotemporal indicators of walking in both groups. The stride length, walking speed and the length of the covered distance increased statistically significantly. A significant increase in the volume of performed activities of daily living in the I group was found. At the same time, an increase in this indicator was also observed in group II, but it did not reach statistical significance. The use of the developed program of therapeutic exercises, including walking with motivated movement and partial body weight supporting on the developed rehabilitation device positively influenced the static and dynamic characteristics of walking, which improved the performance of activities important for children with cerebral palsy, especially walking and running. The optimal time for increasing the stride length is a 4-week program, for the development of general endurance and speed – a 6-week program of therapeutic training

Manifestations of Higher Mental Functions in Actors in Virtual Reality

Background. The study of the professional activities of actors from the standpoint of modern psychological theories is an urgent task for psychology of art. In particular, the question of whether there is a significant difference in the functioning of cognitive processes in actors as a result of training in acting techniques is considered. The answer can be revealed not only by classical measurements of the development of higher mental functions using standardized methods, but also, to a large extent, by the assessment of cognitive abilities in special conditions of virtual reality. Objectives. The study is aimed at measuring success parameters for actors performing tasks to assess the level of cognitive functioning in virtual reality in comparison with a group of students who are not actors. Methods. During the experiment, the control (students who are not actors) and experimental (novice actors) groups were asked to complete tasks to assess the level of cognitive functioning in two-dimensional and virtual reality formats. In order to do this, the experiment participants first performed two-dimensional tests to assess visual attention and working memory, and then did tasks to assess attention and memory in the HTC Vive Pro virtual reality helmet in a special virtual environment “Upgrade VR”. Sample. Two groups of subjects took part in the experiment. The experimental group consisted of 10 students of the O. Tabakov School (average age 17 years). The control group included 20 subjects (18 women, 2 men, average age 18 years) — students of the Faculty of Psychology at Lomonosov Moscow State University. Results. Comparing the performance of actors before and after immersion in virtual reality on two-dimensional computerized task assessing working memory, no significant differences were found (t = –1.35, df = 9, p = 0.209). Also, no significant differences were found when comparing the results of actors performing tasks to assess attention parameters (t = –0.070, df = 9, p = 0.946). When comparing the results of actors and students in performing tasks in virtual reality, significant differences were revealed in the success of completing a spatial orientation task (t = –4.44, df = 28, p < 0.001) and a task assessing working memory (t = –2.34, df = 28, p = 0.027). In addition, significant differences were identified in the average success rates in completing two-dimensional tasks between actors and students before immersion in VR according to the results of the N-back technique (t = 2.4, df = 28, p < 0.023) and the SART technique (t = –3.95, df = 28, p < 0.001). Conclusions. The study revealed differences in parameters of cognitive functioning between actors and students, especially noticeable when performing tasks in virtual reality related to spatial orientation and working memory. The use of virtual reality allows you to simulate a stage situation and create training conditions for the development of cognitive skills, reactions to unexpected events and emotional expression of actors. The results of the study showed that the use of digital technologies in art opens up new opportunities for the creative process and for the construction of unique artistic images

Structure and Properties of Superhard (Zr-Ti-Cr-Nb)N Coatings

This work presents the results of superhard (Zr-Ti-Cr-Nb)N coatings research. Samples were fabricated by vacuum-arc deposition method (Arc-PVD). Structure, composition and properties of these coatings were studied. The study of coatings was performed using SEM, EDS and XRD. Hardness measurements and adhesion tests were provided. The coatings thickness was up to 6.2 mm. Nanocrystallites sizes ranged from 4 to 7.3 nm. Values of hardness and cohesive strength were H=43.7 GPa and LC=62.06 N respectively. The optimal conditions for coating’s deposition were found

Spatial point process theory

No abstract

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02

Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a significant distance from their production point into a final state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentum muon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^-1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond the standard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetric particles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presented for different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.Comment: 8 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physics Letters

Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw > 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio