Semiótica e a formulação de hipóteses: entrevista com Alexandre Rocha da Silva

In this unprecedented interview, professor and researcher Alexandre Rocha da Silva (in memoriam) articulates the implications of social isolation, politics, denialism and scientific reasoning according to the critical semiotics of communication. Conducted remotely, in March 2021, the dialogue is an invitation to observe the changes caused by the pandemic in Brazil. This dialogue inevitably leads to (re)thinking the recent history of our country. It is, above all, a dialogue founded upon hypotheses that, according to the professor, are potentialized by semiotics.Nesta entrevista inédita, o professor e pesquisador Alexandre Rocha da Silva (in memoriam) articula as implicações do isolamento social, da política, dos negacionismos, da razão científica segundo a semiótica crítica da comunicação. Realizada de modo remoto, em março de 2021, o diálogo é um convite para observar as mudanças em virtude da pandemia no Brasil cujo argumento, inevitavelmente, envereda ao (re)pensar a história recente do nosso país. É, sobretudo, um diálogo conduzido pela formulação de hipóteses que, de acordo com o professor, se potencializam pela semiótica

Desafios do trabalho interprofissional em saúde e gênero

Objective: To understand the challenges of the applicability of interprofessional work from a gender perspective in the scope of public health. Methodology: A literature survey was carried out through the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Portal of periodicals of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). For the survey of articles, the following descriptors were used: “interprofessional relations”, “gender and health” and “collective health”. The criteria used for the selection of the sample were: articles published in Portuguese, from 2010 to 2020, with full texts and freely available in the aforementioned databases, which addressed the theme interprofessionality in health and gender in the field of public health. Results: The final research sample consisted of 16 articles, in which some questions became evident after analysis, including the problem present in interprofessional and collaborative communication between teams, as well as the scarcity of studies that discuss interprofessionality and gender . Conclusion: In this way, it was possible to understand the challenges that reverberate the interprofessional work within collective health, in which the importance of the interprofessional approach was highlighted even in undergraduate health, as well as the need for more studies that encompass issues related to gender within of collaborative work between professions, as ways of making interprofessional practice effective.Objetivo: Compreender os desafios da aplicabilidade do trabalho interprofissional a partir da perspectiva de gênero no âmbito da saúde coletiva. Metodologia: Realizou-se o levantamento da literatura por meio das bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). Para o levantamento dos artigos, utilizaram-se os descritores: “relações interprofissionais”, “gênero e saúde” e “saúde coletiva”. Os critérios utilizados para a seleção da amostra foram: artigos  publicados  em  português,  no  período de 2010 a 2020, com textos completos e disponíveis gratuitamente   nas   bases   de   dados   supracitadas, que abordassem a temática interprofissionalidade em saúde e gênero no campo da saúde coletiva. Resultados: A amostra final do pesquisa foi constituída por 16 artigos, em que  algumas questões se tornaram evidentes após análise, entre elas a problemática presente na comunicação de caráter interprofissional e colaborativa entre as equipes, bem como a escassez de estudos que discutam interprofissionalidade e gênero. Conclusão: Dessa forma, foi possível compreender os desafios que reverberam o fazer interprofissional dentro da saúde coletiva, em que destacou-se a importância da abordagem interprofissional ainda na graduação em saúde, assim como a necessidade de mais estudos que englobam questões referentes ao gênero dentro do trabalho colaborativo entre profissões, como formas de efetivação da prática interprofissional.&nbsp

SPACE-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF ENDEMIC TREE SPECIES IN SECONDARY FOREST IN THE ATLANTIC FOREST DOMAIN IN BRAZIL

ABSTRACT Understanding the dynamics of endemic tree component species based on natural regeneration (NR) and adult trees (AT) is essential for formulating conservation strategies for protecting these species. The objective of the present study was to identify endemic species in a preserved area of secondary forest in the Atlantic Forest domain in Brazil and to evaluate their dynamics over 24 years. Based on inventories carried out from 1992 to 2016 of the NR (diameter at breast height - dbh ≤ 5 cm) and of the AT (dbh ≥ 5 cm) in ten sites with different characteristics (physiographic, edaphic, and successional), it was possible to, initially, identify 58 species classified as endemic to Brazil (EBR) and/or those exclusive to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (EAF), among the 226 species in the entire survey. Subsequently, this classification was reassessed based on updated information on its occurrence, and only 38 of these species were maintained as endemic to Brazil and/or to the Atlantic Forest. Some species were recorded in the AT and NR strata, in different sites, throughout the study period, while others occurred in only one level (AT or NR), some with low abundance. Among these endemic species, eight are included in the endangered species lists, and 15 can be classified as rare, as there was only one individual in the survey. Considering the two arboreal strata it was observed that some species were abundant in the forest in all inventories and several sites, while others went throughout the study period with few individuals and, in some cases, disappeared due to mortality. These results contribute to understanding the factors that can affect the local abundance of endemic species over time, allowing the definition of conservation actions for protecting these vulnerable species, thus avoiding their extinction

ARBORIZAÇÃO NO CENTRO URBANO DE SANTO ANTÔNIO DO TAUÁ, PARÁ

A arborização urbana planejada em todas as etapas, desde a implantação até a manutenção, proporciona diversos benefícios ambientais. Entretanto, poucas cidades, frequentemente as capitais, dispõem de um plano de arborização urbana. Portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar quali-quantitativamente a arborização no centro urbano do município de Santo Antônio do Tauá - PA. Foi realizado um inventário florístico amostral para a coleta de dados referentes a composição florística, altura total, altura da primeira bifurcação, conflitos com fiação elétrica, estado geral das árvores, índice de diversidade e recomendações de manutenção. Foram contabilizados 385 indivíduos divididos em 46 espécies e 41 gêneros, onde a maior frequência relativa foi de Senna siamea, com 14,03%. Quanto à altura total, 70% dos indivíduos eram de pequeno porte, pouco mais de 18% apresentaram conflitos com a fiação elétrica e 20,5% apresentaram conflitos com edificações, e quanto ao estado geral, 77,9% das árvores estavam em bom estado. O índice de diversidade foi alto, 3,09, comparado a outros estudos de arborização urbana. Apesar dos bons resultados em alguns aspectos, como altura total, índice de diversidade e poucos conflitos com a fiação elétrica, é necessário melhorar a manutenção da arborização urbana existente, sobretudo nas podas, e criar diretrizes para o plantio de novos indivíduos, visando expandir a arborização planejada para toda a área urbana

Estudos Artísticos

Arte em transe. De um modo especializado, dentro do projeto criadores sobre outras obras, a revista Croma interessa-se pela implicação, a intervenção, e a valorização. Nesta sétima edição reuniram-se 17 artigos que tomam como ponto comum a abordagem de obras que exigem diferentes formas de participação. As propostas artísticas não funcionam sem a interação das pessoas. O seu suporte vital, funcional, o seu sentido, estas dimensões, materiais e imateriais, convergem para as pessoas vivas que com elas atuam. Sobre estes artigos podemos promover diferentes abordagens. Mas interessará estudar o que motivou os temas apresentados. Podem detetar-se regularidades dentro dos espaços de implicação que privilegiamos na revista Croma. Quais são estas regularidades? Encontramos alguns núcleos problematizadores comuns: o género, a inclusão, a migração, o corpo, a identidade.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Inhibition of ATG3 ameliorates liver steatosis by increasing mitochondrial function

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health threat in both developed and developing countries and is a precursor of the more advanced liver diseases, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Currently, understanding the multiple and complex molecular pathways implicated in NAFLD onset and progression is a major priority. The transcription factor p63, which belongs to a family comprising p53, p63, and p73,1 is one of many factors that contributes to the development of liver steatosis. The role of p63 as a tumor suppressor and in cell maintenance and renewal is well studied, but we have recently reported that it is also relevant in the control of lipid metabolism.2 p63 encodes multiple isoforms that can be grouped into 2 categories; isoforms with an acidic transactivation domain (TA) and those without this domain (domain negative). The TAp63α isoform is elevated in the liver of animal models of NAFLD as well as in liver biopsies from obese patients with NAFLD. Furthermore, downregulation of p63α in the liver attenuates liver steatosis in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, while the activation of TAp63α increases hepatic fat content, mediated by the activation of IKKβ and endoplasmic reticulum stress.2 A specialized form of autophagy that degrades lipid droplets, termed “lipophagy”, is a major pathway of lipid mobilization in hepatocytes. Lipophagy is elevated in hepatoma cells upon exposure to free fatty acids,3 and reduces the fatty acid load in mouse hepatocytes.4 Its impairment has been associated with the development of fatty liver and insulin resistance3,5; in contrast, the autophagic flux is increased during the activation of hepatic stellate cells.6 In the present study, we used an unbiased proteomics approach to gain insight into novel proteins modulating lipid metabolism in the liver of mice with genetic knockdown or overexpression of TAp63α. We found that autophagy-related gene 3 (ATG3) was upregulated by TAp63α activation and downregulated after p63α inhibition. ATG3 is elevated in several animal models of NAFLD and in the liver of patients with NAFLD. Genetic overexpression of ATG3 increased the lipid load in hepatocytes, while its repression alleviated TAp63α- and diet-induced steatosis. ATG3 exerted its role in lipid metabolism by regulating SIRT1 and mitochondrial function. Collectively, these findings identify ATG3 as a novel factor implicated in the development of steatosisThis work has been supported by grants from FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PA: RTI2018-095134-B-100; DS and LH: SAF2017-83813-C3-1-R; MLMC: RTC2019-007125-1; CD: BFU2017-87721; ML: RTI2018–101840-B-I00; GS; PID2019-104399RB-I00; RN: RTI2018-099413-B-I00 and RED2018-102379-T; MLMC: SAF2017-87301-R; TCD: RTI2018-096759-A-100), FEDER/Instituto de Salud Carlos III (AGR: PI19/00123), Xunta de Galicia (ML: 2016-PG068; RN: 2015-CP080 and 2016-PG057), Fundación BBVA (RN, GS and MLM), Proyectos Investigación en Salud (MLMC: DTS20/00138), Sistema Universitario Vasco (PA: IT971-16); Fundación Atresmedia (ML and RN), Fundación La Caixa (M.L., R.N. and M.C.), Gilead Sciences International Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease (MVR), Marató TV3 Foundation (DS: 201627), Government of Catalonia (DS: 2017SGR278) and European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (RN and GS). This research also received funding from the European Community’s H2020 Framework Programme (ERC Synergy Grant-2019-WATCH- 810331, to RN, VP and MS). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) and CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERdem). CIBERobn, CIBERehd and CIBERdem are initiatives of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) of Spain which is supported by FEDER funds. We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation to CIC bioGUNE (SEV-2016-0644)S

Educomunicação, Transformação Social e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Esta publicação apresenta os principais trabalhos dos GTs do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação nos temas Transformação social, com os artigos que abordam principalmente Educomunicação e/ou Mídia-Educação, no contexto de políticas de diversidade, inclusão e equidade; e, em Desenvolvimento Sustentável os artigos que abordam os avanços da relação comunicação/educação no contexto da educação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável

As particularidades clínicas da otite média: Clinical features of otitis media

A otite média é um processo inflamatório de evolução abrupta, acompanhado pelo quadro clínico típico de inflamação na orelha média, sendo sua incidência prevalente em crianças, culminando em leves repercussões clínicas, mas que deve ser adequadamente diagnosticada e tratada. Este evento clínico pode ser agudo, subagudo ou crônico com aparições típicas, evolução e manejo clínico diferenciados. O seguinte artigo é uma revisão narrativa de literatura que visa analisar a respeito das principais particularidades clínicas da Otite Média. Diante das informações coletadas, pode se elucidar que a otite média é o fator causal para implicações negativas e antibioticoterapia em crianças, logo é essencial medidas para diagnose precoce para evitar repercussões na saúde destes

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection